1. Japanese Colonization
World War II
Japanese Colonization

2. “War is suicide.”- Jerome Crab
Halfway through the Commonwealth, attaining liberty was disrupted by WWII
The Empire of Japan aimed to dominate Asia and the Pacific and was already at war with the Republic of China in 1937,but the world war is generally said to have begun on 1 September 1939

3. Commanders and leaders
Allied vs. Axis Powers
Commanders and leaders
Allied leaders Joseph Stalin Franklin D. Roosevelt Winston Churchill
Chiang Kai-shek
Axis leaders Adolf Hitler Hirohito
Benito Mussolini

4. Timeline 11 Nov. 1941 – Quezon and Osmena reelected
8 Dec – after Pearl Harbor bombing, Japan attacked the Philippines; MacArthur retreated to Bataan
20 Dec – Quezon and War Cabinet moved to Corregidor

5. Timeline
26 Dec – MacArthur declares Manila an open city virtually surrendering it to Japanese forces
The attacking armies of the opposing military will then be expected not to bomb or otherwise attack the city, but simply to march in. The concept aims at protecting the historic landmarks and civilians who dwell in the city from an unnecessary battle.

6. Timeline 28 Dec. 1941 – Filipino and US armies retreated to Bataan
30 Dec Quezon and Osmena took their oath of office inside the Corregidor Tunnel
2 Jan – Japanese forces entered Manila

7. Timeline
3 Jan – Japanese Commander-in-Chief Masaharu Homma proclaimed end of US occupation; imposed martial law; declared that Japanese Imperial Forcs was to emancipate the Philippines
-Greater East-Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere- Japanese program to unite Asia against the west

8. Timeline
17 Feb Japan issued order for the Phils. To adopt the Japanese educational system: propagation of Filipino culture, teaching of Nipongo, diffusion of vocational and elementary education, and promotion of love for labor
20 Feb Quezon and the War Cabinet left for US

9. Timeline 11 March 1942 – MacArthur was asked to leave for Australia
13 March Commonwealth govt moved to US
29 March 1942 – Luis Taruc organized Hukbalahap

10. Timeline
9 April 1942 – Death March; painful trek of 36,000 US and Filipino soldiers and guerillas without food and water; those who reached Pampanga were taken to Capas concentration camp
6 May Corregidor surrendered to Japan; 12,000 Filipino and US soldiers taken as prisoners of war

11. Timeline
14 Oct Puppet govt inaugurated; Pres. Jose Laurel took oath of office
Nov – Philippine economy collapsed; shortage of rice became serious
May 1944-Green Revolution Movement

12. Timeline
21 Sept US raided Manila; pressed Laurel to declare war against US
20 Oct Gen. MacArthur landed in Palo, Leyte accompanied by Pres. Sergio Osmena and US troops
23 Oct US declared Tacloban, Leyte as temporary capital of the Philippines

13. Timeline
8 Dec Benigno Ramos organized the Makapili, a spy network of Filipinos fighting for Japan
4 Feb US troops entered Manila; bloodbath
24 Feb Battle of Manila ended; Japan surrendered to US