1. Medical Specialists and Case Reports
Chapter 5
Medical Specialists and Case Reports
Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

2. Learning Objectives Describe the training process of physicians.
Identify medical specialists and describe their specialties.
Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

3. Learning Objectives (cont.)
Identify combining forms used in terms that describe specialists.
Decipher medical terminology as written in case reports.
Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

4. Residency Programs Residency Programs Definition Anesthesiology
Dermatology
Emergency medicine
Definition
Administration of agents
capable of bringing about a
loss of sensation
Diagnosis and treatment of skin orders
Care of patients that requires sudden and immediate action
Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

5. Residency Programs (cont.)
Family practice
Internal medicine
Ophthalmology
Pathology
Definition
Primary care of all members of the family on a continuing basis
Diagnosis and treatment of usually complex nonsurgical disorders in adults
Diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders
Diagnosis of the cause and nature of disease
Name and define some other examples of residency programs.
Psychiatry: diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the mind
Radiology: diagnosis using x-rays and other procedures (ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging)
Surgery: treatment by manual (SURG means hand) or operative methods
Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

6. Residency Programs (cont.)
Pediatrics
Psychiatry
Radiology
Surgery
Definition
Diagnosis and treatment of children’s disorders
Diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the mind
Diagnosis using x-ray studies
Treatment by manual (SURG means hand) or operative methods
Name and define some other examples of residency programs.
Psychiatry: diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the mind
Radiology: diagnosis using x-rays and other procedures (ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging)
Surgery: treatment by manual (SURG means hand) or operative methods
Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

7. Medical Specialties Defined
Specialist
Allergist
Cardiologist
Geriatrician
Oncologist
Description
Treats hypersensitivity reactions
Treats heart disease
Treats diseases of old age
Diagnoses and treats malignant and benign tumors
Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

8. Medical Specialties Defined (cont.)
Specialist
Pathologist
Radiation oncologist
Urologist
Description
Diagnoses disease by
analysis of cells
Treats disease with high-energy radiation
Treats and performs surgery on the urinary tract and male reproductive system
Name other medical specialists and discuss their functions.
Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

9. Combining Forms
cardi/o heart col/o colon, large intestine dermat/o skin endocrin/o endocrine glands enter/o intestines
Give the definitions of the medical terms:
Cardiomegaly: enlargement of the heart
Colitis: inflammation of the colon (large intestine)
Dermatitis: inflammation of the skin
Endocrinology: study of endocrine glands
Enteritis: inflammation of the small intestines
Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

10. Combining Forms (cont.)
esthesi/o sensation gastr/o stomach ger/o old age gynec/o woman, female hemat/o blood
Give the definitions of the medical terms:
Anesthesiology: study of how to administer agents capable of bringing about loss of sensation and consciousness
Gastroscopy: instrument used to view the stomach
Geriatrics: pertaining to treatment of older people
Gynecology: study of female disorders
Hematoma: mass or collection of blood under the skin
Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

11. Combining Forms (cont.)
iatr/o treatment laryng/o voice box lymph/o lymph nephr/o kidney neur/o nerve
Give the definitions of the medical terms:
Iatrogenic: pertaining to a patient’s abnormal condition that results unexpectedly from a specific treatment
Laryngeal: pertaining to the larynx (voice box)
Lymphadenopathy: disease of the lymph nodes (glands)
Nephrostomy: opening from the kidney to the outside of the body
Neuralgia: nerve pain
Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

12. Combining Forms (cont.)
nos/o disease obstetr/o midwife odont/o tooth onc/o tumor ophthalm/o eye
Give the definitions of the medical terms:
Nosocomial: pertaining to or originating in a hospital
Obstetric: pertaining to pregnancy, labor, and delivery of a baby
Orthodontist: dentist specializing in straightening the teeth
Oncogenic: pertaining to producing tumors
Ophthalmologist: specialist in the study of the eye and the treatment of eye disorders
Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

13. Combining Forms (cont.)
opt/o eye optic/o eye orth/o straight ot/o ear path/o disease
Give the definitions of the medical terms:
Optometrist: nonmedical specialist trained to examine and test eyes and prescribe corrective lenses
Optician: nonmedical specialist trained to provide eyeglasses by filling prescriptions
Orthopedist: specialist in the surgical correction of musculoskeletal disorders
Otitis: inflammation of an ear
Pathology: study of disease
Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

14. Combining Forms (cont.)
ped/o child psych/o mind pulmon/o lung radi/o x-rays rect/o rectum
Give the definitions of the medical terms:
Pediatrics: branch of medicine specializing in the treatment of children
Psychosis: abnormal condition of the mind
Pulmonary: pertaining to the lungs
Radiotherapy: treatment of disease (cancer) with high-energy x-rays or particles such as photons and protons
Rectocele: hernia (protrusion) of the rectum into the vagina
Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

15. Combining Forms (cont.)
rheumat/o flow, fluid rhin/o nose thorac/o chest ur/o urinary tract vascul/o blood vessels
Give the definitions of the medical terms:
Rheumatology: branch of medicine dealing with inflammation, degeneration, or chemical changes in connective tissues such as joints and muscles
Rhinorrhea: discharge from the nose
Thoracotomy: incision of the chest
Urology: study of the urinary system in males and females and the reproductive tract in males
Vasculitis: inflammation of blood vessels
Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

16. Medical Terms per Specialty
Cardiology
angina
anticoagulant
diuretic
hypertension
ischemia
antiarrhythmic
Gynecology
dysmenorrhea
hysterectomy
leiomyomas
menorrhagia
sonogram
fibroids
What are the definitions of the medical terms? How and why do they relate to the specialty?
Note: These terms are from the case reports found in the textbook (pp. 180– 182).
Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

17. Medical Terms per Specialty (cont.)
Orthopedics
callus
femur
fibula
fixation
fracture
Radiology
anterior
infiltrate
lateral
mediastinal
posterior
What are the definitions for the medical terms? Why and how do the terms relate to the specialty?
Note: These medical terms are found in the case reports in the textbook (pp. 186–188).
Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

18. Medical Scramble Medical specialty treating pregnant women
S T B S C O R I E T
Inflammation of the ear
T I O S I T
Unscramble the letters to form medical terms from the clues. Use the underlined letters to complete the bonus term.
1. OBSTETRICS
2. OTITIS
Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

19. Medical Scramble (cont.)
Branch of medicine that uses operative methods
G Y S R U E R
Pertaining to tumors
C G N E O I N C O
Pertaining to treating children
T I E P R D C I A
Unscramble the letters to form medical terms from the clues. Use the underlined letters to complete the bonus term.
3. SURGERY
4. ONCOGENIC
5. PEDIATRIC
Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

20. Medical Scramble (cont.)
Study of disease
L A P G O H Y T O
New opening of the colon to the outside of the body
O L M Y S O C O T
Unscramble the letters to form medical terms from the clues. Use the underlined letters to complete the bonus term.
6. PATHOLOGY
7. COLOSTOMY
Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

21. Medical Scramble (cont.)
Bonus Term: Abnormal condition of the mind S C O S Y I P H S
Use the underlined letters from the previous words to complete the bonus term.
The bonus term is PSYCHOSIS.
Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.