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5. 6666 11 7777 4444 9999 MAGIC SQUARE Fighting the Persian Wars 3333 8888 13 12 14 2222 5555 10 15 1111 16 17 18 19 20

6. In the 400s B.C.E., two city-states that joined together to fight the Persians were A.Iran and Greece. B.Greece and Athens. C.Greece and Sparta. D.Sparta and Athens. 1 1

7. Why did the Ionians lose the Ionian Revolt? A.The Persians' cavalry was much stronger than the Athenians'. B.The Athenians' army was much smaller than the Persians'. C.The Athenians returned home after helping them with only one success. D.The Ionians retreated early because they feared the Persian's army. 6 6

8. How did the Athenians defeat the Persians at the Battle of Marathon? A.The Athenians had better weapons and military strategy. B.The Athenians had more foot soldiers and cavalry. C.The Athenians had a more educated general and army. D.The Persians had a geographical advantage. 11

9. When the Persians reached Athens, they A.burned it to the ground. B.turned it into their military base. C.made the Athenians surrender the city. D.required the Athenians to flee the city. 16

10. In the 400s B.C.E., the largest empire ever was the A.Persian Empire. B.Athenian Empire. C.Spartan Empire. D.Greek Empire. 2 2

11. How did the Persians punish the Ionians for rebelling? A.They raised the price of tributes and taxes. B.They destroyed the city of Miletus. C.They forced the Ionians to be their servants. D.They burned all of the Ionians' weapons and fleets. 7 7

12. The King that ruled Persia after Darius was his son A.Miltiades. B.Leonidas. C.Salamis. D.Xerxes. 12

13. Why was Salamis a difficult place for the Persians to fight? A.The mountainous land made it hard for the Persians to travel through it. B.The large body of water made it hard for the Persians to get safely onto land. C.The narrow channel made it hard for the Persians to move their ships around. D.The flat plains made it hard for the Persians to hide their troops. 17

14. Who was the king that divided the Persian Empire into 20 provinces? A.King Darius B.King Xerxes C.King Salamis D.King Leonidas 3 3

15. When King Darius asked the Greeks for their earth and water, the Greeks A.attacked the messengers, but were defeated. B.refused and threw his messengers into pits and wells. C.hesitated, but eventually gave into his request. D.had to pay since Darius' army surrounded the city. 8 8

16. How did Xerxes get his army across Hellespont? A.He taxed the Ionians to pay for the building of a bridge. B.He strategically traveled in various lands around the water. C.He created two bridges using boats and wooden boards. D.He led them across in fleet ships, although it was dangerous. 13

17. How did the Greeks defeat the Persians in the Battle of Salamis? A.The Athenians pretended to join sides with the Persians. B.They pretended to retreat before surrounding the Persians. C.They used wooden rams to destroy the Persians' boats. D.all of the above 18

18. Which of the following was a characteristic of King Darius' rule? A.He started a system of tax collecting. B.He appointed officials to rule local areas. C.He allowed those he conquered to keep their own customs. D.all of the above 4 4

19. What was the first battle of the Persian Wars? A.The Battle of Marathon B.The Battle of Salamis C.The Battle of Thermopylae D.The Battle of Plataea 9 9

20. What plan did the Athenians and Spartans think up in the Battle of Thermopylae? A.The Athenians and Spartans would stop the Persian navy, then their army. B.The Athenians would stop the Persians' navy and the Spartans would stop their army. C.The Athenians and Spartans would completely surround the Persians forces. D.The Athenians would defend against the Persians and the Spartans would attack them. 14

21. When the Persians approached Athens in around 480 B.C.E., the Athenians A.willingly surrendered their land because they had no army left. B.begged the Spartans to help them defend Athens against the Persians. C.joined sides with the Persians to fight in the Battle of Plataea. D.loudly declared their "common brotherhood with the Greeks." 19

22. How did the Persians treat the Ionians after conquering them? A.The Persians forced the Ionians to be their servants. B.The Persians made the Ionians pay tributes. C.The Persians let the Ionians keep their farmland and harbors. D.The Persians forced the Ionians to leave the land. 5 5

23. What was Miltiades' strategy in the Battle of Marathon? A.He attacked the Persians using his navy, rather than his army. B.He attacked the Persians with only half of his men at a time. C.He attacked the Persians from three different sides. D.All of the above 10

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25. How did the Persians win the Battle of Thermopylae? A.A Greek traitor showed them a path that allowed them to surround the Greek. B.The Persians had a much larger army than the Greeks were expecting. C.The Persians improved both their weaponry and cavalry. D.The Athenians and the Spartans feuded right before the battle. 15

26. Which battle ended the Persian Wars ? A.The Battle of Thermopylae B.The Battle of Marathon C.The Battle of Plataea D.The Battle of Salamis 20