1. Organizations and Organization Theory
Chapter One
Organizations and
Organization Theory

2. 1.Basic Concept Organizational Operations
People
Process
Activities
管理系統
(Managerial System)
組織行為
(Organizational Behavior)
管理行為
(Managerial Behavior)
領導行為
(Leadership Behavior)

3. Leadership and organization計劃 組織 用人 協調 控制
研究發展 行銷 生產 財務 人事 領導
Leadership
Relationship between
Leadership and organization
Staffing
Coordination
Organization
Control
Planning
Marketing
R&D
Production
Finance
Human Resource

4. Corporate Strategy Business Strategy Functional Strategy
.Focus on Survive and growth
.Focus on competitive advantage
.Focus on functional efficiency
Corporate
Strategy
Business Strategy
Functional Strategy
. Top-Down Directing
. Bottom-Up Information
. Involvement and Interaction

5. Organizations and Organization Theory
Topics
Organization Theory in Action
What is an Organization?
Perspectives on Organizations
Dimensions of Organization Design
The evolution of Organization Theory and Design

6. Organization Theory in Action
Current Challenges
Globalization
Ethics and and Social Responsibility
Speed of Responsiveness
The Digital Workplace
Diversity

7. Organization Theory in Action
Globalization
‧通用汽車GM
‧North Networks
‧銳跑 Reebok
‧美國運通 American Express
‧三星 Samsung
Current
Challenge

8. Organization Theory in Action
Ethics and
Social
Responsibility
‧安隆(Enron)
‧世界通訊(WorldCom)
‧Adelphia Co.
‧ImClone Co.
Globalization
Current
Challenges

9. Organization Theory in Action
Globalization
Ethics and
Social
Responsibility
Current
Challenge
Speed of
Responsiveness
‧皇家荷蘭殼牌(Royal Dutch Shell)

10. Organization Theory in Action
Globalization
Ethics and
Social
Responsibility
Current
Challenges
The Digital
Workplace
‧戴爾電腦(Dell Computer Co.)
Speed of
Responsiveness

11. Organization Theory in Action
Globalization
Diversity
‧麥肯錫顧問公司(McKinsey Co.)
Ethics and
Social
Responsibility
Current
Challenges
The Digital
Workplace
Speed of
Responsiveness

12. What is an Organization?
Social Entities
goal-directed
Deliberately
structure &
coordinated
activity systems
Linked to
the external
environment

13. Importance of Organizations 1/7
1. Bring together resources to achieve
desired goals & outcomes
Builds nuclear-powered, Nimitz-class aircraft carriers

14. Importance of Organizations 2/7
2. Produce goods and services efficiently.
Electronic way to run company or base on computer produce skill.

15. Importance of Organizations 3/7
3. Facilitate innovation
To lead creation of new idea’s innovation but not to follow the rule.

16. Importance of Organizations 4/7
4. Use modern manufacturing
and information technologies
Ex: Coca-Cola、Heineken、IBM ..etc.

17. Importance of Organizations 5/7
5. Adapt to and influence a
changing environment

18. Importance of Organizations 6/7
6. Create value for owners,
customers and employees
Gallo company use low profit as its core strategy to create costumer value, and open system need to work with environment.

19. Importance of Organizations 7/7
7. Accommodate ongoing challenge
of diversity ethics, and the motivation
and coordination of employees

20. Perspectives on Organizations
Open Systems
Organizational Configuration
Technical Core
Technical Support
Administrative Support
Top Management
Middle Management

21. An Open System and Its Subsystems
Environment
Transformation
Process
Raw Materials
People
Information
resources
Financial
Products
and
Services
Input
Output
Boundary
Spanning
Production,
Maintenance,
Adaptation,
Management
Boundary
Spanning
Subsystems

22. 開放系統(open system)則必須與環境交互作用 能存活，一方面消耗環境的資源，一方面輸出 資源到環境中，並得持續地改變以適應環境。
開放系統及其次系統
開放系統(open system)則必須與環境交互作用
能存活，一方面消耗環境的資源，一方面輸出
資源到環境中，並得持續地改變以適應環境。

23. Five Basic Parts of an Organization
Mintzberg suggested that every organization should contain five basic parts
Transfer from input to output
e.g teachers、courses
Top
Management
Technical
Support
Staff
Middle
Management
Administrative
Support
Staff
Technical Core
Exhibit 1.3 Five Basic Parts of an Organization

24. Five Basic Parts of an Organization
Supporting organization to adopt environment. Ex.: engineer、researchers、etc.
Top
Management
Technical
Support
Staff
Middle
Management
Administrative
Support
Staff
Technical Core

25. Five Basic Parts of an Organization
To support organization’s function stably and organization's maintain.
Top
Management
Technical
Support
Staff
Middle
Management
Administrative
Support
Staff
Technical Core

26. Five Basic Parts of an Organization
To lead and negotiate other department in the organization.
Top
Management
Technical
Support
Staff
Middle
Management
Administrative
Support
Staff
Technical Core

27. Goals and Strategy Environment Size Culture The Organization
Technology
Structure
Formalization
Specialization
Hierarchy of Authority
Centralization
Professionalism
Personnel Ratios

28. Characteristics of Three Organizations
TECHNOLOGY Manufacturing Retailing Government
Service
SIZE (#employees) , ,

29. The Evolution of Organization Theory and Design
Historical Perspectives
Contemporary Organization Design
Effective Performance versus the Learning Organization

30. Two Organization Design Approaches
Vertical
Structure
Routine
Tasks
Rigid
Culture
Competitive
Strategy
Formal
Systems
Horizontal
Adaptive
Empowered
Roles
Collaborative
Shared
Information
Organizational Change
in the Service of
Performance
Mechanical System Design
Natural System Design
Stable Environment
Efficient Performance
Turbulent Environment
Learning Organization
Source: Adapted from David K. Hurst, Crisis and Renewal: Meeting the Challenge of Organizational Change (Boston, Mass.: Harvard Business School)

31. Efficient performance and learning organization
Vertical
Structure
Routine
Tasks
Formal System
Competitive
Strategy
Rigid culture
Horizontal
Structure
Empowered
Roles
Shared
Information
Collaborative
Strategy
Adaptive
culture