3.  To what does the word “church” refer?  Building  Institution (organization) ▪ Regional (“Church of Rome”) ▪ Denomination (“Presbyterian Church USA”)  Mass (Do we have church today?) ▪ Liturgical assembly  Local community ▪ Parish, congregation  Universal community of believers

4.  All of these meanings have the same thing in common. What is that?  How does the Church fulfill man’s nature as a social being?  Man’s nature and deepest need as a social being is to be in communion with God and neighbor

5.  Primary meaning  Ecclesia - assembly (called out) ▪ Ecclesial, Ecclesiology  Kyriake – “what belongs to the Lord” ▪ Kirche, Kirk, Church  Qahal – people (Hebrew: qahal Israel)  Theological meaning  Body of Christ  People of God

7.  What is a sacrament?  Don’t list them; define the word  A sign that accomplishes what it signifies  An event or item that gives what it shows  Examples:  Baptism is washing with water. It signifies (event) that God cleanses or purifies the soul using this sign (action).  Eucharist is a meal which feeds.

8.  How is the Church “like a sacrament”?  CCC 775  What does the Church signify?  The gathering of people before God ▪ An anticipation of the fullness of heaven  Unity between humans  What does the Church give?  Salvation  Through the sacraments  The Church is the sacrament of Sacraments

10.  IMPORTANT: The final goal of the Church is union with the Father through the Son in the Holy Spirit.  Occurs in the Kingdom of heaven ▪ On Earth – at the Mass ▪ Ultimately in Heaven  “Union with God” refers to an ongoing relationship  So the goal is not simply to “get to heaven.”

11.  “Outside the Church there is no salvation.”  One of the doctrines (teachings) of the Catholic Faith  Write a response to this statement  Explain what you think it means, and what it does not mean  Support your opinion with ▪ True premises ▪ “Because” statements ▪ Reasonable examples

12.  What are the three original words for “church”?  Latin, Greek, Hebrew  Which one is the basis for the English word “church”?  The church is an assembly or gathering. Who summons the church to gather?  Who is the visible foundation of the Church?  Who establishes the way the Church is governed?

14.  What is a mystery?  Something that cannot be figured out or explained  Something that is bottomless ( ▪ Examples: Universe, Relationships  Who is the greatest mystery?  In what way is God a mystery?  In what way is Jesus a mystery?  Why is the Church a mystery?

15.  The Church is a mystery (mystical) just as the Eucharist is a mystery  Like the Eucharist, the Church has material properties but immaterial substance  Both Church and Eucharist are called “The body of Christ”  You are what you eat.  The body of Christ constitutes (begets and feeds) the body of Christ

16.  Syllogism  Jesus is human and divine  The Church is the body of Christ  The church is human and divine  Is Jesus both “visible” and “invisible”  How is Jesus “visible” and “invisible”?  How is the church “visible” and “invisible”?  What is the church’s “human” side? It’s “divine” side?

17.  In what way is the Church a visible society?  Hierarchy  Institution (organization)  Living people  In what way is the Church an invisible society?  Angels  Saints  Faithful departed  “Anonymous believers”

18.  How is the Church a “mixed composition”?  Remember Jesus  Weakness & strength  Sinners & holiness (saints)  Why is the Church itself infallible (not sinful)?  Remember Jesus  Remember that the Church is not simply an earthly organization

20. The Hierarchy & The Papacy

21.  1.Who remains forever the chief cornerstone and shepherd of souls?  Cornerstone and Head and Shepherd = Jesus  Foundation = Peter and Apostles  2.What is infallibility?  Incapable of failing  Guarantee by Christ that Church would be free from error in faith and morals  Roman Church: Exercised by Peter  3.What is the college of bishops?  4.What is apostolic succession?

22.  5.What are the three distinct ministerial offices within the Church?  Bishops (includes Pope, Cardinals, Archbishops)  Priests (includes Monsignors, Pastors)  Deacons (permanent and transitional)  6.Where do bishops, priests, and deacons get their authority and power?  7.What is the equality and inequality in the visible Church on earth?  Baptism  Hierarchy  8.Why is the Church not a democracy?  Power not from the consent of the people or representatives, but from Christ

23.  9.Which sacrament imparts the ministerial authority of Christ?  10.Who comprises the Church’s hierarchy or sacred order?  11.How do the Roman Pontiff and the bishops correspond to St. Peter and the Apostles?  Collegial = shared responsibility; colleagues (peers)  St Peter is “chairman”  12.What three tasks did Christ entrust the college of the twelve?  Teach = proclaim Gospel (Mass)  Rule = serve  Sanctify = make holy (sacraments)

24.  13.In what ways do the successors of the Apostles teach, rule, and sanctify?  14. What is one of the most important duties of a cardinal?  15. What is a conclave?  16. How many votes does a candidate need to be elected pope?  17.What is the significance of white and dark smoke coming from the chimney of the Sistine Chapel?

25. The Roman Curia

26.  The Roman Curia  Roman court (advisors)  Secretariat, Congregations, Tribunals, Pontifical Councils  Tribunal  Court (judgment)  Secretariat of State  Political and diplomatic

27. Bishops, Priests and Deacons

28.  Define Infallibility  What is it?  Who ▪ Church ▪ Pope

29.  Define Magisterium  What is their role or purpose?  Define Curia  What do they do?  Who are in the Curia?  Summarize the four main “sections” of the Curia

30. BishopsPope Cardinal Archbishop Bishop PriestsMonsignor Canon Pastor DeaconsPermanent Transitional

31.  Specific power  Local duties  Universal concerns  Define Cathedral  How is a Cathedral different from a parish?  What is a Vicariate?

32.  3 The saying is sure: If any one aspires to the office of bishop, he desires a noble task. 2 Now a bishop must be above reproach, the husband of one wife, temperate, sensible, dignified, hospitable, an apt teacher, 3 no drunkard, not violent but gentle, not quarrelsome, and no lover of money. 4 He must manage his own household well, keeping his children submissive and respectful in every way; 5 for if a man does not know how to manage his own household, how can he care for God’s church? 6 He must not be a recent convert, or he may be puffed up with conceit and fall into the condemnation of the devil; 7 moreover he must be well thought of by outsiders, or he may fall into reproach and the snare of the devil. (1 Tim 3)

33.  Another name: Presbyter  Types: Monsignor, Canon, Pastor  Specific duties  What does in persona Christi mean?  To whom does it apply?  During which occasions does it apply?

34.  History (Acts 6)  Two types: permanent and transitional  Specific duties

35.  8 Deacons likewise must be serious, not double- tongued, not addicted to much wine, not greedy for gain; 9 they must hold the mystery of the faith with a clear conscience. 10 And let them also be tested first; then if they prove themselves blameless let them serve as deacons. 11 The women likewise must be serious, no slanderers, but temperate, faithful in all things. 12 Let deacons be the husband of one wife, and let them manage their children and their households well; 13 for those who serve well as deacons gain a good standing for themselves and also great confidence in the faith which is in Christ Jesus. (1 Tim 3)

36.  “See that all follow the bishop, even as Jesus Christ does the Father, and the presbytery as you would the apostles; and reverence the deacons, as being the institution of God. Let no man do anything connected with the Church without the bishop. […] Wherever the bishop shall appear, there let the multitude [of the people] also be; even as, wherever Jesus Christ is, there is the Catholic Church. […] Whatsoever [the bishop] shall approve of, that is also pleasing to God, so that everything that is done may be secure and valid.” (St. Ignatius: Letter to the Smyrnaeans; Ch 8)

37.  “Let all things therefore be done by you with good order in Christ. Let the laity be subject to the deacons; the deacons to the presbyters; the presbyters to the bishop; the bishop to Christ, even as He is to the Father.” (St. Ignatius: Letter to the Smyrnaeans; Ch 9)

39.  What is the Magisterium?  Define  Ordinary  Extraordinary: Ecumenical Council

40.  Revealed  Unchanging  Mystery  Always learning more, always explaining more  Two Parts or Two Ways  Sacred Tradition  Holy Scripture

41. TRADITIONS  How people go forward for Eucharist  Which way the altar faces  Whether there is an offering  Right to left, or left to right SACRED TRADITION  Interpretation of Scriptures  Liturgy & Rites  Lives of Saints  Canon Law

42.  St Paul says, “Stand firm and hold the traditions which you were taught by us.”  What is the difference between traditions and Sacred Tradition?  What “traditions” is St Paul talking about? ▪ Examples  Who teaches Sacred Tradition?

43.  IMPORTANT: What is the relationship of Sacred Tradition to the Deposit of Faith?  Sacred Tradition is unwritten or written  It is believed as much as Sacred Scriptures ▪ Example: Assumption of Mary ▪ Example: Order of the Mass

44.  Will there be additions to Sacred Tradition?  Not new revelations, but developed understanding or explanations ▪ Example: interpretation of Scripture ▪ Example: Creeds from Councils

45.  IMPORTANT: What is the relationship of Sacred Tradition to Sacred Scriptures?  Canon of Scriptures ▪ NOT same as “Canon Law”  The Scriptures come from the Church  The determination of which books are authoritative is made by the Church ▪ Which are truly inspired? ▪ Which are read at the Liturgy?

46.  Where do the Scriptures begin?  How do the Apostles hand on the teaching of Christ?  How are these teachings written down?  Inspiration  Will there be new Scriptures?  They are the record of the Apostles

47.  What is the Magisterium?  Teaching Office or Authority  By the Spirit in the Church through the Bishops  Sacred Tradition is the movement of the Spirit in the Church

48.  Does the Magisterium reveal or discover new truths?  In matters of Faith? ▪ Example: new sacraments, new dogmas about Jesus or Mary  In matters of morals? ▪ Example: new understandings of marriage, new rules about priesthood?

49.  What should be the response of Catholics to a Magisterial teaching in Faith or morals?  Learn the phrase “obedience of faith”  What is a “cafeteria Catholic”?  Has the truth of the Catholic Faith or morals changed?  Can it change?

51.  What does the word “sanctify” mean?  What is the basis for our sanctification?  Is the Paschal Mystery simply about Jesus dying to forgive sins?  Is salvation nothing more than the act of being saved?  What is the right way to live after being saved?

52.  What are the Precepts of the Church?  Precept = Law or rule  Point: Discipline, Self-Control  What do these Precepts have to do with your sanctification?  What is the danger if you do not follow the Precepts of the Church?  How are these disciplines like fences or guardrails?

53.  What is the overriding purpose of these disciplines?  They are intended to help us draw closer to Christ  Do the Precepts of the Church change over time?  Generally – no  Specifically – yes

54. You shall attend Mass on Sundays and holy days of obligation and rest from servile labor Holy Days of Obligation = Solemnity of Mary (1 Jan), Assumption (15 Aug), All Saints (1 Nov), Immaculate Conception (8 Dec), Christmas (25 Dec) You shall confess your sins at least once each year Usually during Lent You shall receive the Sacrament of the Eucharist at least during the Easter season More is better but not required You shall observe the days of fasting and abstinence established by the Church Fast Days = Ash Wednesday & Good Friday (ages 18-59; one full meal) Abstinence = Fridays in Lent (ages 14+; no meat except fish) You shall help provide for the needs of the Church Regular donations

55.  What do you think of this statement: “There is no salvation outside the Church”?  Say this statement in a positive form.  All salvation comes from Christ the Head through his Church, which is his Body  What is the difference between someone who leaves the Church (or refuses to enter her), and a person who doesn’t know about the Church?

56.  What is the relationship between Catholics and Protestant Christians?  Separated brethren  Imperfect communion  Missing necessary elements of the Faith  Examples:

57.  Are the Orthodox Christians separated brethren?  The communion is so profound that it lacks little to attain the fullness that would permit a common celebration of the Eucharist.  What is the key difference?  Same: Apostolic succession, valid Sacraments  Missing: Unity (communion) with the Pope

58.  What about those who have never heard the fullness of the Gospel? Can they be saved?  People of good will in whose hearts grace is secretly at work” and people who “do not have an opportunity to come to know or accept the gospel revelation or to enter the Church” can be saved.  How is anyone saved?  Only by God’s grace  What is “Baptism by desire”?

59.  What about Jews?  The Church rejoices over their faithful response to God in the Old Covenant and invites them to share in the fullness of the New and Everlasting Covenant of Jesus Christ

60.  What about Muslims?  Islam acknowledges there is one true God and reveres Jesus as a holy man and a prophet. The Church prays that, through the gift of the Holy Spirit, they will come to know him as the Son of God, their Savior  What about those from other religions?

62.  The Church as the Sacrament of Salvation  The Church as mystery  The Church as Sacrament of Communion  The hierarchical structure of the Church  The office of the papacy  The Roman Curia  The office of bishop  Ecumenical Councils  The office of priest The office of deacon The office of deacon The Magisterium The Magisterium The Deposit of Faith The Deposit of Faith The development of doctrine The development of doctrine Infallibility Infallibility The sanctification of the members of the Catholic Church The sanctification of the members of the Catholic Church Salvation of those outside the Church Salvation of those outside the Church Evangelization Evangelization The student will be able to understand:

63.  The Church is both the sign and the means of the salvation of the world.  Christ gave the Church a hierarchical authority to teach, rule, and sanctify all the members.  The bishops, led by the Pope, exercise a servant leadership with the help of priests and deacons.  The Church both teaches and sanctifies.

64.  What does it mean to say that the Church is the Sacrament of Salvation?  What is the meaning of the word church?  How is the Church both visible and invisible?  What is the role of the papacy in the Church?  What are the three levels of the Church’s hierarchy, and what is the function of each?  What does it mean when we say, “Outside the Church there is no salvation”?