1. Is It Bullying, Harassment, or Mobbing in the Ivory Tower? Professional Development June 11, 2014 MSU-Denver Jan Perry Evenstad, Ph.D. Secondary Teacher Education

2. What is Bullying? What is your definition of bullying? What examples of bullying have you seen, witnessed, or heard about in the workplace?

3. Bullying Defined Bullying can mean harassing, offending, socially excluding someone, or negatively affecting someone’s work tasks. This behavior occurs repeatedly and regularly over a period of time. With the escalating frequency, the person confronted ends up in a inferior position and becomes the target of systematic negative social acts. (Hollis, 2012 p. 5) modified from (Erinarsen, Hoek, Zapf, & Cooper, 2003, p. 22)

4. Bullying Defined “Bullying is when someone repeatedly and on purpose says or does mean or hurtful things to another person who has a hard time defending himself or herself.” Dr. Dan Olweus

5. Vicarious Bullying Vicarious bullying was coined by Leah Hollis. Often a leader or manager empowers a secretary, assistant, or fellow staffer to wield his or her power. While this manager is not directly showing aggression, his/her power is extended through an appointed subordinate. (Hollis, 2012, p. 5)

6. Harassment Harassment is unwelcomed, unwanted, and unsolicited conduct that is based on race, color, religion, sex (including pregnancy), national origin (including language), age (40 or older), or disability. Harassment becomes unlawful where (1) enduring the offensive conduct becomes a condition of continued employment (quid pro quo),

7. Harassment Continued: or (2) the conduct is severe or pervasive enough to create a work environment that a reasonable person would consider intimidating, hostile, or abusive. (EEOC, 2012)

8. Mobbing A malicious attempt to force a person out of the workplace through unjustified accusations, humiliation, general harassment, emotional abuse, and/or terror. It is a “ganging up” by the leader(s)---organization, superior, co-worker, or subordinate who rallies others into systematic and frequent “mob-like” behavior. Because the organization ignores, condones, or even instigates the behavior, it can be said that the victim, seemingly helpless against the powerful and many, is indeed “mobbed.” (Davenport, et al., 1999, p. 40)

9. Civil Rights Foundations to Remember  Federal Civil Rights Laws  Title VI (Race, Color, and National Origin)  Title IX (Sex/ Gender)  504 (Conditions of Disabilities)  Dear Colleague Letters found on USDOE Office for Civil Rights website  State Laws  State Board Policies MSU-Denver Region VIII Equity Assistance Center

10. Abuse of Power Bullying, Harassment, and Mobbing all involve relationships where power is abused. Be it colleague, perceived friend, supervisor, dean, director ……

11. Behaviors Visual Verbal Physical Electronic (cyber bullying, harassment, mobbing)

12. Impact of Harassment Insecure Loss of self esteem Decreased self-confidence Loss of pride Questioning own judgment Fight/flight syndrome

13. Harassment is Costly Financial costs for legal defense and settlements; Less measurable costs of: Decreased productivity Lowered moral Employee turnover Loss of credibility in community

14. Hollis, 2012 Survey data on cost Annual Turnover if 16% leaves Small institution 1900 people, potential loss of $30 million Large institution 22,000 people, potential loss of $358 million

15. Bullying in the Workplace Not illegal in the United States Other countries have made workplace bullying illegal. Among them are: Canada United Kingdom: Britain, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland Australia New Zealand Sweden Hollis Workplace Bullying in the Academy Survey (WBAS) 2012

16. Some Facts: Bullying in Higher Education Hollis Workplace Bullying in the Academy Survey (WBAS) 2012  62% of respondents reported having been bullied  53% were actively trying to leave their position  45% were the target or witness of vicarious bullying  African Americans, women, and members of the LGBT community experience more frequent occurrences of bullying than other groups

17. Hollis Workplace Bullying in the Academy Survey (WBAS) 2012 Where Bullying Occurs ◦27% reported one to one meeting ◦25% in front of staff ◦14% occurs during local/department staff meetings or on-line (cyber bullying) ◦9% during division wide staff meeting ◦8% of the time in front of students

18. Effects of Workplace Bullying Decline in the health of the target; Emotional trauma; Loss of workplace moral; Loss of employees; Loss of productivity ???

19. Workplace Bullying Institute 2010 Survey (not in higher education)

20. Some strategies to combat bullying, mobbing, & harassment in higher education If the institution has policy and procedures developed to stop, bullying, mobbing, and harassment, Train and inform staff, faculty, and administration at all levels

21. Some strategies to combat bullying, mobbing, & harassment in higher education Training on how to stop and report ◦Usually within 30 seconds of being told to stop the bully will stop ◦Knowing who to report to that will do something, let people know what the bypass is

22. Case Examples What would you decide?

23. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1j6YA 03hm4k&feature=player_embedded http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1j6YA 03hm4k&feature=player_embedded http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature= player_embedded&v=TdkNn3Ei-Lg http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature= player_embedded&v=TdkNn3Ei-Lg Jonah Mowry

24. http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=yo u+tube+workplace+bullying&FORM=VIRE 5#view=detail&mid=8729F6EE67F0648E0 9808729F6EE67F0648E0980 http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=yo u+tube+workplace+bullying&FORM=VIRE 5#view=detail&mid=8729F6EE67F0648E0 9808729F6EE67F0648E0980 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JENo4 NB5B5Q#t=101 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JENo4 NB5B5Q#t=101