1. PLATES AND VOLCANO REVIEW POWER POINT

2. WHAT WAS SOME OF ALFRED WEGENER’S EVIDENCE? 1.Continents fit together 2.Rock layers 3.Coal 4.Glacier evidence 5.Fossils like glossopteris 6.Paleomagnetism

3. 1.Where do most volcanoes occur? 2.Which type of the two types of eruptions make-up 2/3’s of the world’s eruptions? Divergent 3.What type of eruption is Iceland and example of? 4.What is a hot spot? A stationary source of lava that is pushed to the surface as the plate slide over the stationary plume 5.Where are TWO examples of hot spots? 6.Which island of Hawaii is the youngest? 7.What do we call the tube-like structure that brings lava to the surface? Conduit 8.What is the bowl-like depression that is created from collapse of a volcano after an eruption? 9.What are the cracks along the walls of a volcano where gases escape? Fumaroles 10.When was the massive eruption of Krakatau that caused 1/3 of the island to fall below sea-level? Along plate boundaries Divergent Hawaii and Yellowstone Caldera Liohi 1883

4. 1.What famous eruption released 15-30 million tons of sulfur dioxide, dropping the worldwide temperature 0.5°? Pinatubo 2.Which volcanic eruption killed over 36,000 people? Krakatau 3.What is the composition of volcanic ash? rocks, minerals and volcanic glass 4.Which volcanic eruption created a 100ft tsunami? Krakatau 5.Describe the last supervolcano eruption on Earth? When was it? It was 75,000 years ago Toba(Malaysia), caused 100 years of darkness, it was 10,000 more explosive than Mount Saint Helens, killed 2/3 of life on earth and cause global temperature to drop 21°. It changed the evolution of the human race and put the planet into an ice age 6.What type of volcano is Olympus Mons? Shield 7.Which volcanic eruption created a 7.8 earthquake before the eruption? Pinatubo

5. DO NOW: VOLCANO REVIEW Name AND describe the parts of the volcano: What is the name and TYPE of the volcano above? Mt. Saint Helens, Composite Hawaii. shield Paricutin, cinder cone Pyroclastic Flow crater Lava bombs Lava Vent Lahar Magma chamber conduit

6. 1.What is an example of a volcano formed from oceanic-continental Convergence? Mount Saint Helens AND Pinatubo 2.Discuss the details of the Pinatubo eruption of 1991. Released 15-30 million tons of CO2 dropping world temps 2° for years Earthquakes of 7.8 800 deaths, mostly from collapsed roofs Eruption cloud that went 22 miles upward Violent pyroclastic flows Combined with a typhoon 3.How does the age of rock vary along seafloor spreading centers? Younger along center, older along subduction zones (trenches) 4.Describe the eruption that can be expected at Kilauea. Non violent, calming flows that build up the walls of the island 5.Describe the differences between the creation and description of the Atlantic vs. the Pacific Coast of the US. Atlantic has a large flat continental shelf due to a divergent boundary Pacific has many steep sea cliffs and trenches due to subduction zones

7. 1.Subduction of which plate created the Ring of Fire? Pacific Plate 2.What type of lava can be observed on a non-violent divergent boundary? Basaltic 3.What are the main elements in the less dense continental crust? silicon and oxygen 4.What is the most common type of eruption on earth? divergent 5.Which type of lava has the highest viscosity? Rhyolitic 6.What is the difference between plate tectonics and continental drift? Continental drift states that the continents were once joined Plate tectonics states that the earth is covered in plates that all move (including ocean) by convection currents

8. 1.When was the last super volcano eruption on Earth? 75,000 years ago, Toba, changed the evolution of humans, caused a mass extinction and put the planet in an ice age 2.What is the difference between a crater and caldera? crater is before the eruption and caldera the bowl-shape depression after the eruption 3.Which volcano erupted from the side? Mount Saint Helens 4.How did the Himalayans mountains in India form? Continental-continental convergence of the Indian plate into the Eurasian Plate 5.What is a weak spot in the earth’s crust where magma or gases escape? Volcano 6.What is Gondwanaland? 7.What is the motion at a mid ocean ridge? 8.What is difference between the lithosphere and asthenosphere? The southern portion of Pangaea The plates are separating, divergence Lithosphere is solid upper portion while the asthenosphere is the semi solid portion underneath

9. DRAW AND DESCRIBE HOW THE FOLLOWING LANDFORMS ARE CREATED: 1.Hawaii 2.Mountains 3.Trenches 4.Island Arc 5.Land Volcanoes 6.Mid ocean ridge Hot spot Continental –continental convergence Oceanic-continental convergence with subduction Oceanic-oceanic convergence with subduction Divergent boundary with the plates separating and magma coming to the surface Oceanic-continental convergence with subduction

10. Plate Boundary? Formed? Formed?