2. TMS logo

3. THE MARS SOCIETY

4. Life on Mars? ALH84001 Could There Be Life On Mars?

5. The land area of the Earth/Mars/Moon The Land Area of the Earth is Approximately Equal to the Total Surface of Mars The Land Area of Africa is About the Same as the Total Surface of the Moon

6. Robot Roll Call Mars Robot Roll Call Flybys Flybys Orbiters Orbiters Landers Landers Rovers Rovers Scouts Scouts

7. USA - MGS - November 1966 USA – Mars Global Surveyor – November 1996

8. USA – Mars 2001 Odyssey– April 2001

9. Japan – Nozomi – July 1998

10. ESA – Mars Express / Beagle 2 – June 2003 ESA – Mars Express - June 2003

11. USA – Mars Exploration Rovers 1 & 2 – June 2003

12. Mars Exploration to Date MER-1 MER-2 Beagle 2

13. More Mars Rover Images

14. Human-Robot Synergy Humans and Robots as Partners

15. Teleoperated Light Speed Constraints Speed of Light – It’s Not Just a Good Idea, It’s the Law!

16. Robots Can’t React to the Unexpected

17. Armstrong Disconnects his Autopilot to Land on the Moon Armstrong Disconnects His Autopilot to Land on the Moon

18. In Just 60 Short Years In Just 60 Short Years …

19. Then the Next Thirty Years Were Spent Then the Next 30 Years Were Spent …

20. Just Going Around in Circles! … Just Going Around in Circles! SalyutSkylab Mir ISS

21. Challenger & Columbia prove that Space Travel is Risky! Space Travel IS Risky!

22. We Need a Destination-Oriented Space Program

23. A Destination Within Reach

24. Humans to Mars? Humans to the Red Planet? ? ?

25. Mars Direct - Radiation Hazards The Mars Society – Mars Direct

26. Mars is rich with water Mars is Rich with Water In the Soil and In the Ice Caps

27. Polar ice caps are mostly water Polar Ice Caps are Almost Entirely Water

28. Mars w/Oceans Mars as a Liquid Water World

29. Who Wants to Go to Mars?

30. NASA logo NASA – Mars Reference Mission (Mars Semi-Direct) http://mars.jpl.nasa.gov/

31. NASA – MRM - ISS docked NASA – Mars Reference Mission 1.0 (Mars Semi-Direct)

32. NASA – MRM - rendezvous & return NASA – Mars Reference Mission 1.0 (Mars Semi-Direct)

33. NASA – MRM - Mars Base Just Landed NASA – Mars Reference Mission 3.0 (Mars Semi-Direct)

34. ESA European Space Agency (ESA)

35. Energia – 2015-2018 - Heavy Lift Vehicle Energia – To Mars by 2015-2018 RSC Energia Heavy Lift Vehicle (HLV) 6-7 Launches To ISS

36. Energia – 2015-2018 - Leaving earth orbit Energia – To Mars by 2015-2018

37. China China National Space Administration (CNSA)

38. Japan National Space Development Agency (NASDA) of Japan

39. Possible Scenarios for Manned Mars Exploration Possible Scenarios for Human Mars Exploration

40. Flags and Footprints Model

41. The Antarctica Model

42. Settlement and Colonization Settlement and Colonization Model

43. Space Exploration Initiative The Space Exploration Initiative – 1989

44. the 90 Day Report 2 NASA’S 90-Day Report Massive Spacecraft - 1000 Metric Tons - Over 300 feet Long - Carries All Fuel and Supplies for Return Assembled in Orbit at ISS Lunar Base and O 2 Production Facility Large Nuclear Rockets for TMI Venus Flyby for Gravity Assist 30-60 Days at Mars - 30 Days on Surface - Flags & Footprints Mission 600 Day Round Trip $450 BILLION FOR ONE TRIP

45. Lewis & Clark The Lewis & Clark Expedition – 1803-1806

46. Lewis & Clark- T he Next Generation The Lewis & Clark Expedition – The Next Generation

47. Mars Direct - Zubrin & Case for Mars The Mars Society – Mars Direct Dr. Robert Zubrin

48. Mars Direct - ISP Production The Mars Society – Mars Direct On-Site Propellant Production – ISPP Sabatier Reaction – 19 th Century

49. Mars Direct - launching The Mars Society – Mars Direct

50. Mars Direct - Hab & ERV Configurations & Gravity The Mars Society – Mars Direct

51. Mars Direct - Every 2 Years Concept The Mars Society – Mars Direct

52. Mars Direct - ERV Landing w/chutes & rockets The Mars Society – Mars Direct

53. Mars Direct - ISPP on Mars The Mars Society – Mars Direct

54. Mars Direct - Aerobraking The Mars Society – Mars Direct After jettisoning the TMI booster stage, the piloted Habitat orients itself for atmospheric aerobraking. The Habitat uses the Martian atmosphere to shed its velocity prior to landing, using no fuel other than to steer.

55. Mars Direct - Hab Landing The Mars Society – Mars Direct

56. Mars Direct - Setting up the first base The Mars Society – Mars Direct “Mission to Mars” © 2000 by Touchstone Pictures

57. The Mars Society – An International Organization

58. MARS: Mars Analog Research Stations-Original Concept M.A.R.S.: Mars Analog Research Stations - Original Concept

59. MARS: Mars Analog Research Stations-Original Concept M.A.R.S.: Mars Analog Research Stations - Original Concept

60. FMARS 2001 M.A.R.S.: Mars Analog Research Stations - F/MARS

61. FMARS 2002 M.A.R.S.: Mars Analog Research Stations - F/MARS

62. MDRS 2002 M.A.R.S.: Mars Analog Research Stations - MDRS Shannon Rupert-Robles Gerry Williams

63. MDRS 2003 M.A.R.S.: Mars Analog Research Stations - MDRS

64. Three San Diego Members to MDRS San Diego Goes to Mars! Shannon Rupert-Robles Biologist MDRS Crews 4/14/21 Gerry Williams Filmmaker MDRS Crew 2 Jonathan Butler Biologist MDRS Crew 14

65. Clancy’s MDRS Robot Robotic Diminishing Returns

66. EuroHab 2003 M.A.R.S.: Mars Analog Research Stations - EuroHab 2004

67. MarsOz 2004 M.A.R.S.: Mars Analog Research Stations - Mars-Oz 2004

68. The “New” New World is Within Reach

69. TMS-SD Website THE MARS SOCIETY SAN DIEGO http://MarsSanDiego.org