1. Warm Up
We will work on the first set of word on the common word list for this unit.

2. Civil Rights

3. Group Roles Group Roles Member #1: Slide Reader #1
Today’s Tasks:
Warm Up
2. Groups will read through a copy of the PowerPoint Slides together and begin completing their personal set of notes.
3. Teacher will quickly go over the slides…clarify any content that is not easily understandable. We will also answer a few questions together as a class.
4. The groups will work on the read-along question together in their new roles.
Group Roles
Member #1: Slide Reader #1
Member #2: Slide Reader #2
Member #3: Slide Reader #3
Member #4: Slide Reader #4
Group Roles
Member #1: Encourager…keep everyone on track
Member #2: Questioner ….devil’s advocate
Member #3: Group Writer
Member #4: Presenter

4. CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENTS IN THE 19TH CENTURY
Civil Rights – These rights are legal and political rights enjoyed by the inhabitants of a country. The Constitution and Bill of Rights guarantee civil rights to citizens and resident aliens of the United States, but certain groups of people were denied some rights. Blacks, Native Americans, and women have been denied of their civil rights.
Defining characteristic of the era: The Civil Rights Era in U.S. History is defined by social changes made by the people using non-violent, civil disobedience. These practices were advocated by civil rights leaders such as Martin Luther King Jr.

5. Civil Rights Events of the 19th Century (1800’s)
Abolitionists
Civil War
Emancipation
Reconstruction
Resistance to the rise of the Ku Klux Klan

6. Social Characteristics
13th Amendment – Adopted in 1865, eight months after the war ended, the amendment forbade slavery in the United States.
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) – The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that states can constitutionally enact legislation requiring persons of different races to use “separate but equal” segregated facilities. Example of Effects (Facilities such as bathrooms, theaters, railroad cars, etc. remained segregated and often unequal)

7. Political Characteristics
14th Amendment – declared that all persons born in the United States (except Native Americans) were citizens, that all citizens were entitled to equal rights regardless of their race, and their rights were protected by due process of the law. (1868)
15th Amendment – one of the three amendments to the U.S. Constitution passed during the era of Reconstruction, granted black men the right to vote. (1870)

8. Significant Leaders of Civil Rights
Booker T. Washington - (April 5, 1856 – November 14, 1915) was an African-American educator, author, orator, and advisor to Republican presidents. He was the dominant leader in the African-American community in the United States from 1890 to 1915.
Representative of the last generation of black American leaders born in slavery, he spoke on behalf of the large majority of blacks who lived in the South but had lost their ability to vote through disfranchisement by southern legislatures

9. W. E. B. Du Bois (William Edward Burghardt)-
was an American sociologist, historian, civil rights activist, Pan-Africanist, author and editor. Born in western Massachusetts, Du Bois grew up in a tolerant community and experienced little racism as a child. After graduating from Harvard, where he was the first African American to earn a doctorate, he became a professor of history, sociology and economics at Atlanta University. Du Bois was one of the co-founders of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in 1909.

10. 20th Century (1900’s) Significant Civil Rights Leaders
Martin Luther King, Jr. – leader of the Civil Rights Movement; preached nonviolent approach and demanded equal rights for African Americans
Montgomery Bus Boycott- MLK responded to the incident and was raised to be the spokesman of the
“I have a Dream” speech – delivered at the March on Washington; became the mantra for many involved in the movement; quoted the Declaration of Independence “all men are created equal…”
“Letter from Birmingham Jail” – "There are two types of laws, just and unjust," wrote Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., from jail in "One has a moral responsibility to disobey unjust laws"; the letter is considered by some to be a classic in world literature. Similar to the Declaration of Independence, which states that a society has the right to abolish the government if it is not meeting the needs of the people.
1968: Martin Luther King Jr. assassination

11. Caesar Chavez – Hispanic labor leader and farm worker who worked for reforms and rights of migrant workers
Hector P. Garcia – Mexican American physician and civil rights advocate; Dr. Garcia organized the American G.I. Forum (1948) initially to improve veteran benefits and enhance medical attention, but it soon expanded to address educational and vocational training, housing, public education, poll taxation, voter registration, hospitalization, and employment.
Dolores Huerta- advocate and lobbyist for farm workers' rights to include migrant workers, also fought for human rights.

12. Class Discussion
When you think about this question, please remember that this does not pertain to illegal immigrant but Hispanic America citizens. Why would worker’s rights be an important issue to Hispanic people who work in agriculture?
Migrant and Seasonal Agricultural Worker 

13. Education Important Civil Rights Supreme Court Cases
Mendez v. Westminster – federal court case that challenged racial segregation in Orange County, California schools. The District court held that segregating “Mexican” and “Mexican American” students into different “Mexican” schools was unconstitutional (1946).
Delgado v. Bastrop I.S.D. – U.S. Federal District Court case that decided the separation of Mexican American children based on national origin was illegal; forced the integration of children in Texas schools, but did allow separate classes for the first grade only, for language deficient or non-English speaking students (1948)

14. Class Discussion
Why aren’t the TAKS/EOC tests not available in languages other than English?
Vietnamese Neighborhood
<- This map show people who first language is something other than English and their locations. Houston ISD has over 100 different languages spoken in their district.
Spanish Speakers in Texas

15. Sweatt v. Painter – a young black man was refused admission to the University of Texas Law School. The State of Texas delayed 6 months in order to create a “separate” black law school in Houston. Later the U.S. Supreme Court overturned the Texas Supreme Court ruling allowing this action. The U.S. Supreme Court said the separation was illegal because the school was not equal due to the Equal Protection Clause; to reach equality you must consider the quantitative differences and the intangible factors (1950).

16. Brown v. Board of Education – argued by Thurgood Marshall in 1954, challenged the “separate-but-equal” philosophy which fostered inadequate educational systems for blacks. The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that “racially segregated schools are inherently unequal” Example of Effects: (Pressured states to bring an end to state supported segregation of public facilities) The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that segregation in public schools was prohibited by the U.S. Constitution.

17. Thurgood Marshall – distinguished lawyer, appointed to the U. S
Thurgood Marshall  –  distinguished lawyer, appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court (1967) and established a record for supporting the voiceless American

18. Class Discussion
Eisenhower ordered the National Guard to escort Linda Carol Brown to classes everyday in order to enforce the Supreme Courts decision that segregation in school was not legal. White parents pull their students out of school for several months.
Norman Rockwell Painting
8. What do you think it would be like to have to be escorted my military personnel in order to get to school safely?
9. What would it be like if not only students stood out and yelled at you but adult too?

19. Why do you think that Federal Troops were used instead of city or state police?

20. Tinker v. Des Moines (1969) – The U. S
Tinker v. Des Moines (1969) – The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that students had the right to wear armbands to school to protest the Vietnam War. It defined the constitutional rights of students (freedom of speech protected by the 1st Amendment)  Example of Effects (opened opportunities for interpretation of free speech to also mean free expression) 20

21. Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972) – The U. S
Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972) – The U.S. Supreme Court decided Amish children could not be placed in compulsory schools past 8th grade because it violated the parents’ rights to freedom of religion (Free Exercise Clause) Example of Effects (Prohibited all states from claiming absolute right to compulsive education and intrude in how families raise their children)

22. Edgewood I.S.D. v. Kirby – a landmark case concerning public school finance and discrimination against students in poor school districts; this Texas case led to the decision to redistribute property taxes from wealthy school districts to poorer ones (1993).
Quickly tell your partner about the story of Robin Hood.

23. Class Discussion
12. Where does the school district get its money from to fund programs, buildings, teachers, etc?
13. Do all school districts in Texas have access to the same amount of funds?

24. Title IX – "No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance..." Title IX is best known for its impact on high school and collegiate athletics.

25. Head Start and Upward Bound – foster healthy development of young children from low income families

26. Pass out the Group Read Along

27. Use these photos for the last question on the assignment.