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Argentina By: Shelly Cerullo John Krebs Katie May Julie Plichta Mark Swanson
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Argentina: Population By: Julie Plichta
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Argentina: Population 39,537,493 people Birth Rate v. Death Rate General age Areas most populated – Buenos Aires: city and region – La Plata
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Argentina: Population PAST: Incas River Plate Region Spanish/mestizo Slaves 1880 European boom
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Argentina: Population Current Population Make up: – British in Buenos Aires – Italians – Urban – Rural
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Religion in Argentina By: Katie May
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Why so many Catholics? 92% Roman Catholic Religious affiliation of conquistadors Maintained until 1853 and supported after Perón years attacked Catholicism – Aftermath Catholicism in favorable light
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Why are so few practicing? Old groups with a new voice Changing politics but unchanging allies Church no longer as a “watchdog” Immigration to cities Church low on human and material resources Church must speak with a basis in religious reasons
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Why Evangelicalism? Conquistadors pre-Tridentine Christianity Modern world connections and increase in updates brings new understandings of Catholicism Comparative wealth of Evangelical religions to Catholic
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Work/Economy By: John Krebs
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Argentina’s Economy Very Unstable GDP Purchasing Power $537.2 billion (22nd highest country) Currently experiencing GDP growth around 8% in 2005 GDP per capita $13,600 (68th highest) Double-digit inflation Ranked 116th on Index of Economic Freedom
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Argentina’s Economy 11.1% Unemployment rate (Sept. 2005) Population below poverty line 25.5% (1991) Population below poverty line 38.5% (2005) Public Debt 69.7% of GDP External Debt $118 billion
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Argentina’s Economy Defaulted on $88 billion in bonds in 2001 Negative 0.8% growth GDP in 2000 Negative 10.9% growth GDP in Jan. 2002 Growth stabilized later in the year Now offering bondholders 25 cents on the dollar
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Argentina’s Economy Major Industries - food processing, motor vehicles, consumer durables, textiles, chemicals and petrochemicals, printing, metallurgy, steel Major Agricultural Products - sunflower seeds, lemons, soybeans, grapes, corn, tobacco, peanuts, tea, wheat; livestock Major Trade Partners – Brazil, U.S., Chile, China, Germany, Spain Current Account Surplus $1.908 billion
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National/Popular Culture By: Shelly Cerullo
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Popular Culture: The Tango Began in Buenos Aires Developed from a mix of 3 dances – Polka – Habanera (which blended to form the milonga) – Candombe Began in brothels, but soon caught on in the upper class Tangomania swept the globe Still provides a common, unifying bond for the multi-cultural residents of Argentina
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National Culture: Resistance Literature Written in response to the dictator regimes of 1976-1983 – Extreme censorship of all new ideas – Anyone who spoke out against the terror was put in prison or killed Help to form a new Argentinean identity Purposes in writing – Advocate a change in the military structure – Democratization of the country – Reveal the truth of what occurred during that time
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Customs By: Katie May
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Outlook on the United States Falkland Islands Monroe Doctrine American investments (or lack thereof) Role of Argentina in South America without interference
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Effect of Great Britain Investments Palabra Inglés- the word of honor
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The Macho Image BEFORE Juxtaposition of poor rural with urban Shortage of women AFTER Equality of men and women New openness about sex
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Sex Education in Schools Catholic Church says “no” Sarmiento 1864- revitalized education 1918 Socialists and Communists Lacking presence today
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Food/Material Life By: Shelly Cerullo
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Food Culture: Wine Only country in Western Hemisphere where wine is the drink of the common people Due to the death of native population and the climate of Argentina Death of native population – Many died in post-Columbian encounter – Caused the immigrant population’s culture to become that much more influential Climate of Argentina – Ideal for growing grapes – Closest to the Mediterranean climate of the immigrants
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Food Culture: Beef Much of the Argentinean diet comprised of beef Due to the settling of the Pampas region and the influence of the immigrant culture Influence of immigrant culture – Natives died in post- Columbian exchange – Caused immigrant culture to become more prevalent Settling of Pampas region – Land ideal for raising cattle
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Language By: Julie Plichta
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Argentina: Language HOW MANY? 1 official language= Spanish Native language English Italian
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Argentina: Language Argentine-Spanish = Italian influence – Words – Pronunciation - “y” or “ll” Spanish v. Argentine- Spanish
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Government/Social Order By: John Krebs
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Gov’t/Social Order Federal Republic Constitution Based on American and Western European legal systems 23 provinces and 1 autonomous city
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Gov’t/Social Order Constitution – much greater social powers to government Guaranteed citizens “dignified and equitable working conditions, limited working hours, paid rest and vacations, fair remuneration, minimum and vital adjustable wage, equal pay for equal work, participation in the profits of the enterprises Also established compulsory Social Security Provided retirement and pensions, full family protection, protection of homestead, family allowances and access to a worthy housing
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Gov’t/Social Order 3 branches of government 1. Executive- President, V. Pres., Cabinet 2. Legislative- bicameral with a Senate and Chamber of Deputies 3. Judicial- 9 Supreme Court judges appointed by president
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Gov’t/Social Order After WWII a period of authoritarian rule existed Normal order returned in 1983 though has been challenged Economic crises in 2001-2002 led to violent public protests and many presidents Similar Central bank to the Fed that controls monetary policy
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Questions
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