1. Phases, Eclipses and Tides
Chapter 12.3

2. Motions of the Moon
Like Earth, the moon revolves and rotates around the Earth.
The changing relative position of the moon, Earth, and sun cause the phases of the moon, eclipses, and tides.

3. Motions of the Moon
The same side always faces Earth, even though it is rotating.
That’s why we always see the man on the moon!

4. Phases of the Moon
The moon does not create the light you see. Instead, it reflects light from the sun.
The different shapes of the moon you see from Earth are called phases. The moon goes through its full set of phases each time it makes a complete revolution around Earth.

5. Phases of the moon
The phase of the moon you see depends on how much of the sunlit side of the moon faces Earth.

6. Phases Picture

7. Eclipses
When the moon’s shadow hits Earth or Earth’s shadow hits the moon, an eclipse occurs.
When an object in space comes between the sun and a third object, it casts a shadow on that object, causing an eclipse to take place.

8. Eclipses
A solar eclipse occurs when the moon passes directly between earth and the sun, blocking sunlight from earth.

9. Eclipses
The very darkest part of the moon’s shadow is called an umbra, which is cone shaped.
The largest part of the shadow is called the penumbra. In the penumbra, part of the sun is visible from Earth

10. Solar Eclipse Picture

11. Eclipses
A lunar eclipse occurs at full moon when Earth is directly between the moon and the sun. Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the moon

12. Lunar Eclipse Picture

13. Tides
The tides are caused mainly by differences in how much the moon’s gravity pulls on different parts of Earth

14. Tide Picture

15. Tides
The sun’s gravity also pulls on Earth’s waters. When the moon and the sun are pulling together, we get a very low and very high tide called a spring tide.

16. Tides
During the moon’s first quarter and third quarter phases, we get a neap tide.
The sun is pulling in one direction and the moon is pulling in the other

17. Spring vs. Neap Tide Picture