1. Unit 4: Astronomy Chapter 12: Earth, Moon, & Sun
Big Idea: The motions of Earth & the moon & their position relative to the sun result in day & night, the seasons, phases of the moon, eclipses, & tides

2. 4 Sections Earth in Space Gravity & Motion Phases, Eclipses, & Tides
Earth’s Moon
Mrs. Lee - Ch 12

3. Sec 1: Earth in Space KEY CONCEPTS
Earth moves through space in 2 major ways:
1) rotation
2) revolution
Earth has seasons because its axis is tilted as it revolves around the sun
Mrs. Lee - Ch 12

4. Sec 1: Key Terms Astronomy Rotation Orbit Solstice Axis Revolution
Calendar
Equinox
Mrs. Lee - Ch 12

5. Sec 2: Gravity & Motion KEY CONCEPTS
The strength of the force of gravity between 2 objects depends on 2 factors:
1) the masses of the objects
2) the distance between them
Newton concluded that 2 factors:
1) inertia
2) gravity
combine to keep Earth in orbit around the sun & the moon in orbit around Earth
Mrs. Lee - Ch 12

6. Sec 2: Key Terms Force Gravity Law of universal gravitation Mass
Weight
Inertia
Newton’s 1st law of motion
Mrs. Lee - Ch 12

7. Sec 3: Phases, Eclipses, & Tides
KEY CONCEPTS
The changing relative positions of the moon, Earth, & sun cause the phases of the moon, eclipses, & tides
The phase of the moon you see depends on how much of the sunlit side of the moon faces Earth When the moon’s shadow hits Earth or Earth’s shadow hits the moon, an eclipse occurs
When the moon’s shadow hits Earth or Earth’s shadow hits the moon, an eclipse occurs
Mrs. Lee - Ch 12

8. Sec 3: Phases, Eclipses, & Tides (cont’d)
A solar eclipse occurs when the moon passes directly between Earth & the sun, blocking sunlight from Earth
During a lunar eclipse, Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the moon
The tides are caused mainly by differences in how much the moon’s gravity pulls on the different parts of Earth
Mrs. Lee - Ch 12

9. Sec 3: Key Terms Phase Solar eclipse Penumbra Tide Neap tide Eclipse
Lunar eclipse
Spring tide
Mrs. Lee - Ch 12

10. Sec 4: Earth’s Moon KEY CONCEPTS
Features on the moon’s surface include maria, craters, & highlands
The moon is dry & airless. Compared to Earth, the moon is small & has large variations in its surface temperature
Scientists theorize that a planet-sized object collided with Earth to form the moon
Mrs. Lee - Ch 12

11. Sec 4: Key Terms
Telescope
Maria
Crater
Meteoroid
Mrs. Lee - Ch 12