1. Complications Factors of population growth - general increase in the total amount of free time Factors of change - labour movement, technological innovation, trade-off of money for time - change and increase in the amount of the individuals free time OVERALL MORE TIME BUT COMPLICATIONS

2. Time Packaging When we look at time we break it down in parcels that may have an impact on location Available time will impact on not only the activity selected but will also affect the time available for travel

3. NUMBER OF TRIPS Variation from Number of Customers Looking at people’s propensity to travel –dealing with different factors Common expression would be that expressed in the Boltzmann Curve

4. Boltzmann Curve Interplay Availability of Recreational Resources and the Positive and Negative Aspects of Distance Site DISTANCE

5. Boltzmann Curve Shorter Distances - Fewer Trips Is trip worth the effort of transport (more emphasis if car or public transit) Site always available (applies to infrequent attractions not favourite activities)

6. Boltzmann Curve Mid Distance - More Trips The effort is worthwhile (return for effort) Trip is part of the experience

7. Boltzmann Curve Greater Distances - Fewer Trips Cost is higher (consideration of overnight costs or time travelling) Return suffers in comparison (link to Vacation Time)

8. Daily Leisure Time Normally small pieces of time (breaks) - with one exception Evening (or after work) Planning up to the 1980’s tended to focus on males (their participation rates were higher - background and available time)

9. Females –Assumptions that more free time during the day (less complicated) –Evenings needed for household operation –Scheduling and services (babysitting, relevant activities) revolve around this –This is an approach that represents (one partner working, children) about 10% of the Canadian population IN REALITY FEMALE PATTERNS ARE MORE COMPLICATED THAN MALES

10. Other Complications Introduction of flex times –impact on start and end times –original intent to allow for more flexibility and reduce travel pressure –end result with a high population (Toronto) an extension of rush hours and more travel pressure Alleviated (complicated) by one million Canadians who work from home at least two days a month

11. Weekly Leisure Time Greater block of ‘useful’ time –Weekend –Cultural concept of a ‘common pause day’ Link to more time extensive activities and greater travelling distances –Links to the compression of the workweek and the technology of access

12. Transport

14. Impact Change in access from points on a line to infill Greater range in access More time for activities - less on distance

15. ‘Breakations’ Push for ‘mini- vacations’ directed around the weekend - add day or two either side –evidenced in the 3 or 4 night packages to destinations (Vegas, Caribbean)

16. Problems For the majority of the population (and this also applies to greater or lesser degrees to all the time packages) the problem is that the timing of the ‘package’ holds true for the majority of the population Therefore a tremendous concentration of usage (golf on the weekend)

17. Plus even with this concentration the use of flex time, short weeks and the changes in the retail system (7 day week) have led to complications in prediction for the remainder of the time –timing of events –staffing –hours of operation

18. Yearly Time Cost becomes more of a consideration here Time is more available but still a problem of excessive concentration –baby boom influence

19. Conclusions Time has impact on the demand and therefore supply within the system Time has an impact on frequency of use but also tends to discourage use as discretionary time increases because of the timing of the breaks System is much less predictable now