1. Terrorism

2. Terrorism Act

3. Terrorism Act Agent

4. Terrorism Act Agent Victim

5. Terrorism Act Agent Victim Purpose

6. Terrorism Act Agent Victim Purpose Violent

7. Terrorism Act Agent Victim Purpose Violent Must be non-state?

8. Terrorism Act Agent Victim Purpose Violent Must be non-state? Civilians

9. Terrorism Act Agent Victim Purpose Violent Must be non-state? Civilians Military?

10. Terrorism Act Agent Victim Purpose Violent Must be non-state? Civilians Military? Property, or just people?

11. Terrorism Act Agent Victim Purpose Violent Must be non-state? Civilians Political change Military? Property, or just people?

12. Terrorism Act Agent Victim Purpose Violent Must be non-state? Civilians Political change Military? Property, or just people? UNSC: any act "intended to cause death or serious bodily harm to civilians or non-combatants with the purpose of intimidating a population or compelling a government or an international organization to do or abstain from doing any act".

13. Justifications Last resort

14. Justifications Last resort Only effective strategy

15. Justifications Last resort Only effective strategy Revenge

16. bin-Laden

17. bin-Laden The Muslim world (ummah) is the victim of acts of aggression by the U.S.

18. bin-Laden The Muslim world (ummah) is the victim of acts of aggression by the U.S. Examples:

19. bin-Laden The Muslim world (ummah) is the victim of acts of aggression by the U.S. Examples: The taking of land from Palestine for the creation of Israel.

20. bin-Laden The Muslim world (ummah) is the victim of acts of aggression by the U.S. Examples: The taking of land from Palestine for the creation of Israel. U.S. attacks on Muslims in Somalia (Mogadishu, 1993), support for the Russian war against Muslim separatists in Chechnya, support for Indian security forces fighting mujahadeen in Kashmir, support for Israeli invasions of Lebanon.

21. bin-Laden The Muslim world (ummah) is the victim of acts of aggression by the U.S. Examples: The taking of land from Palestine for the creation of Israel. U.S. attacks on Muslims in Somalia (Mogadishu, 1993), support for the Russian war against Muslim separatists in Chechnya, support for Indian security forces fighting mujahadeen in Kashmir, support for Israeli invasions of Lebanon. Maintenance and control of oppressive non-Islamic governments in Muslim countries.

22. bin-Laden The Muslim world (ummah) is the victim of acts of aggression by the U.S. Examples: The taking of land from Palestine for the creation of Israel. U.S. attacks on Muslims in Somalia (Mogadishu, 1993), support for the Russian war against Muslim separatists in Chechnya, support for Indian security forces fighting mujahadeen in Kashmir, support for Israeli invasions of Lebanon. Maintenance and control of oppressive non-Islamic governments in Muslim countries. Extortion of Muslim oil through military threats.

23. bin-Laden The Muslim world (ummah) is the victim of acts of aggression by the U.S. Examples: The taking of land from Palestine for the creation of Israel. U.S. attacks on Muslims in Somalia (Mogadishu, 1993), support for the Russian war against Muslim separatists in Chechnya, support for Indian security forces fighting mujahadeen in Kashmir, support for Israeli invasions of Lebanon. Maintenance and control of oppressive non-Islamic governments in Muslim countries. Extortion of Muslim oil through military threats. U.S. military bases in Muslim countries.

24. bin-Laden The Muslim world (ummah) is the victim of acts of aggression by the U.S. Examples: The taking of land from Palestine for the creation of Israel. U.S. attacks on Muslims in Somalia (Mogadishu, 1993), support for the Russian war against Muslim separatists in Chechnya, support for Indian security forces fighting mujahadeen in Kashmir, support for Israeli invasions of Lebanon. Maintenance and control of oppressive non-Islamic governments in Muslim countries. Extortion of Muslim oil through military threats. U.S. military bases in Muslim countries. Imposition of economic sanctions on Iraq, resulting in the deaths of a million children.

25. bin-Laden The Muslim world (ummah) is the victim of acts of aggression by the U.S. Examples: The taking of land from Palestine for the creation of Israel. U.S. attacks on Muslims in Somalia (Mogadishu, 1993), support for the Russian war against Muslim separatists in Chechnya, support for Indian security forces fighting mujahadeen in Kashmir, support for Israeli invasions of Lebanon. Maintenance and control of oppressive non-Islamic governments in Muslim countries. Extortion of Muslim oil through military threats. U.S. military bases in Muslim countries. Imposition of economic sanctions on Iraq, resulting in the deaths of a million children. "The oppressed have a right to return the aggression" and to exact revenge.

26. Since the U.S. is a democracy, the people have chosen to commit aggression through their government.

27. Since the U.S. is a democracy, the people have chosen to commit aggression through their government. U.S. citizens willingly give financial support (taxes) to their own and Israel's armed forces which commit aggression against the ummah.

28. Since the U.S. is a democracy, the people have chosen to commit aggression through their government. U.S. citizens willingly give financial support (taxes) to their own and Israel's armed forces which commit aggression against the ummah. Therefore, we are justified in attacking civilians.

29. Since the U.S. is a democracy, the people have chosen to commit aggression through their government. U.S. citizens willingly give financial support (taxes) to their own and Israel's armed forces which commit aggression against the ummah. Therefore, we are justified in attacking civilians. Just cause

30. Since the U.S. is a democracy, the people have chosen to commit aggression through their government. U.S. citizens willingly give financial support (taxes) to their own and Israel's armed forces which commit aggression against the ummah. Therefore, we are justified in attacking civilians. Just cause Legitimate authority

31. Since the U.S. is a democracy, the people have chosen to commit aggression through their government. U.S. citizens willingly give financial support (taxes) to their own and Israel's armed forces which commit aggression against the ummah. Therefore, we are justified in attacking civilians. Just cause Legitimate authority Discrimination