2. Earthquakes Lesson 26 & 27

3. Revision Words & phrases: a large number of buildings the number of people who lost homes reached as many as … the electricity was cut off … scientist Pacific plate movement … along the lines where two earthquake … … strong ones may stay up … earthquake will hit … The population … is now ten times more than …

4. Revision Grammar San Francisco was shaken by a earthquake. A great part of the city was destroyed and a large number of buildings were burnt. A road which was built like a bridge over another road fell onto the one below. The pacific plate which is moving towards the northwest meets the North American plate.

5. US MapUS Map

6. San Francisco

7. Coit Tower

8. Fill in form Main IdeaDetails It happened at was destroyed. were burnt. people lost their homes. people died. 5:13 on the morning of April 18th, 1906. A great part of the city 1906 Earthquake A large number of buildings 250,000 700 The Para. 1

9. Paragraph 1 At 5:13 on the morning of April 18th, 1906, the city of San Francisco was shaken by a terrible earthquake. A great part of city was destroyed and a large number of buildings were burnt. The number of people who lost homes reached as many as 250,000. About 700 people died in the earthquake and the fires.

10. Fill in form Main IdeaDetails It happened It was America ’ s Many people were in their Buildings and a lot of fires The electricity on the evening of October 17th,1989. second strongest earthquake. cars. were destroyed happened. was cut off for several days too. The 1989 Earthquake killed Para. 2-3

11. Paragraph 2 Another earthquake shook San Francisco on October 17th, 1989. It was America ’ s second strongest earthquake and about 100 people were killed.

12. Paragraph 2 It happened in the evening as people were traveling home.

13. Paragraph 2 A wide and busy road which was built like a bridge over another road fell onto the one below.

14. Paragraph 2 Many people were killed in their cars, but a few lucky ones were not hurt.

15. Paragraph 3 Luckily the 1989 earthquake did not happen in the center of town but about 50 kilometers away. In one part of town a great many buildings were destroyed.

16. Paragraph 3 These buildings were over 50 years old, so they were not strong enough.

17. Paragraph 3 There were a lot of fires all over the city. The electricity was cut off for several days too.

18. Paragraph 4 San Francisco Pacific plate American plate Eurasian plate India plate African plate Antarctic plate

19. Paragraph 4 Pacific plate North South West East ↖ American plate Why do earthquakes happen? Scientists explain that the outside of the earth is made of a number of different plates. At San Francisco the Pacific plate which is moving towards the northwest meets the North American plate. The Pacific Plate is moving very slowly — at 5.3 centimeters a year.

20. Paragraph 4 Sometimes these two plates stop and do not move for years. Then Suddenly, they jump and an earthquake is felt. As a result of the movement of these plates, west America near the sea has always been a bad place for earthquakes. When the 1906 earthquake happened, the Pacific plate jumped 5-6 meters to the north. Continent Oceanic plate ★ ★

21. Fill in form Main IdeaDetails The outside of the earth is made of Two of the earth ’ s plates which join together suddenly. Causes of Earth- quakes six different plates. jump Para. 4

22. Paragraph 5 We cannot stop earthquakes, but we can do things to make sure they do not destroy whole cities. First, it is not a good idea to build houses along the lines where two of the earth ’ s plates join together. Second, if you think there may be an earthquake, it is better to build houses on rock not on sand. Third, you must make the houses as strong as possible. Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake, but strong ones may stay up.

23. Fill in form Main IdeaDetails Don ’ t build houses Build houses on not on. Make the houses along the lines where two of the earth’s plates join together. rocksand as strong as possible. Struggles against Earth- quakes Para. 5

24. Fill in form Main IdeaDetails Many more people in and around San Francisco may. Many more houses and buildings will die be destroyed. Para. 6 “ The Big One ”

25. Paragraph 6 Scientists are afraid that one day an even bigger earthquake will hit the area around San Francisco. They call it “ The big one ”. However, people today are still building more houses.

26. Paragraph 6 The population in And around San Francisco is now ten times more than it was in 1906. This means that if There is another big earthquake, a great many houses and buildings will be destroyed.

27. Fill in form Main IdeaDetails It happened at was destroyed. were burnt. people lost their homes. people died. 5:13 on the morning of April 18th, 1906. A great part of the city 1906 Earthquake A large number of buildings 250,000 700 The Para. 1

28. Fill in form Main IdeaDetails It happened It was America ’ s Many people were in their Buildings and a lot of fires The electricity on the evening of October 17th,1989. second strongest earthquake. cars. were destroyed happened. was cut off for several days too. The 1989 Earthquake killed Para. 2-3

29. Fill in form Main IdeaDetails The outside of the earth is made of Two of the earth ’ s plates which join together suddenly. Causes of earth- quakes six different plates. jump Para. 4

30. Fill in form Main IdeaDetails Don ’ t build houses Build houses on not on. Make the houses along the lines where two of the earth’s plates join together. rocksand as strong as possible. Struggles against earth- quakes Para. 5

31. Fill in form Main IdeaDetails “ The Big One ” Many more people in and around San Francisco may. Many more houses and buildings will die be destroyed. Para. 6

32. T or F 1. The earthquake is so terrible that whole cities would be destroyed if a strong earthquake happened. T F F 2. The number of deaths in 1989 earthquake is larger than it was in 1906. 3. It will probably be more dangerous if the earthquake happens in the day not in the evening.

33. T or F 4. If one of the two plates begins moving, the earthquake will be felt. F T F 5. The Pacific plate moving towards the northwest sometimes stops moving for quite a long time. 6. We can do something to prevent the earthquake from happening.

34. T or F 7. The lines where two of the earth ’ s plates join together are always dangerous places for earthquakes. T T 8. The new earthquake may cause greater damage if we build a great many houses on the ground ever hit by earthquakes.

35. Fill in Blanks The earth is a little blue planet. There always happen some disasters ( 灾祸 ) such as floods, volcanoes ( 火山 ) ， and earthquakes …

36. Fill in Blanks In 1976, the strong earthquake happened in Tangshan. Millions of people homes and a large of buildings were destroyed. lost number

37. Fill in Blanks On the morning of September 21th, 1999, another strong earthquake Taiwan province. It happened in the of Taiwan province. About 2000 people died in the earthquake. number of people who were hurt reached as as 4005. hit / shook center The many

38. Fill in Blanks A lot of cheap houses were destroyed. Only a few strong stayed luckily. The city ’ s electricity supply was cut at once. upones off

39. Fill in Blanks explained the Taiwan earthquake happened because the Pacific plate and the Eurasian plate. In the past, the earthquake happened in the ocean, but this time it moved to the ground. So it caused a worse result. Scientists jumped

40. Homework Do Exx. 1, 2 on page 89. Read part 3 on page 28 and write about an earthquake in China