1. CMP LABS By Tiffany Potter

2. COMPLETE METABOLIC PANEL CMP includes BMP NA (136-44 mEq/L CL (101-111 mmol/L) K (3.5-5.2 mEq/L) GLU (64-128 mg/dL) BUN (7-20 mg/dL Creatinine (0.8-1.4 mg/dL) CO2 (HCO-3) (20-29 mmol/L) CO2 is a waste product from metabolism. The blood carries CO2 to your lungs – exhaled. More than 90% of CO2 exists in the form of HCO3. The rest of the CO2 is either dissolved CO2 or carbonic acid. Your kidney and lungs balance the levels of CO2, HCO3 and carbonic acid. Total protein (6.0-8.0 gm/dL) Albumin (3.4-5.4 g/dL) ALK Phosphostase (44-147 IU/L) ALT (10-40 IU/L) AST (10-34 IU/L) Total bilirubin (0.3-1.9 mg/dL) Calcium (8.5-10.2 mg/dL)

3. TOTAL PROTEIN The test measures the total amount of albumin and globin in the blood Normal level 6.0-8.3 gm/dL Indications are to diagnose nutritional problems, kidney or liver dx May increase during pregnancy

4. TOTAL PROTEIN HIGH Levels Chronic inflammation or infection including HIV, hepatitis B or C Multiple myeloma Waldenstrom’s dx LOW levels Agammaglobulinemia Bleeding, hemorrhage Burns Liver dx Malabsorption/malnutrition Nephrotic syndrome (dumping protein into the urine)

5. ALBUMIN Albumin is a protein made by the liver and helps to move bilirubin, calcium progesterone and medication through the blood. Improves oncotic pressure, helping to keep fluids from leaking out in the tissues. Normal range is 3.4-5.4 g/dL Drugs that may affect the results are anabolic steroids, androgens, testorone, growth hormone, and insulin Indications to evaluate liver or kidney dx

6. ALBUMIN High Levels Dehydration High protein diet Having a tourniquet on too long when blood is drawn LOW Levels Kidney dx Liver dx (ascites) After wt loss surgery Crohn’s dx Low protein diet Whipple’s dx Wide spread burns Wilson’s dx

7. ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE A protein found in all body tissues. Used to diagnose liver or bone disease Normal range 44-147 IU/L Indications ETOH, hepatitis cirrhosis Biliary stricture Gallstones Giant cell arteritis Pancreatitis Renal cell carncinoma

8. ALKALINE PHOSPHOTASE HIGH levels biliary obstruction osteoblastic tumors Osteomalacia liver dx Hepatitis hyperparathyroidism leukemia, lymphoma Ricket’s Sarcoidosis Paget’s dx LOW Levels Malnutrition Protein deficiency Wilson’s dx

9. ALANINE TRANSAMINASE (ALT) It is an enzyme found in the liver. Injury to the liver releases ALT into the blood. Normal range is 10-40 IU/L Indication is liver dx Increased levels Cirrhosis Liver necrosis, liver ischemia Hepatitis Hemochromatosis Liver cancer Mononucleosis Pancreatitis Medication intoxication

10. ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE (AST) AST is an enzyme found in the liver, heart, muscle cells Normal range 10-34 IU/L Increased levels are r/t: Cirrhosis AMI Hemochromotosis Hepatitis Liver necrosis, liver ischemia Mononucleosis Pancreatitis Liver cancer, tumor Medication intoxication Surgery seizures

11. TOTAL BILIRUBIN Bilirubin is the breakdown product of normal heme catabolism. It is excreted in bile and urine Can be measured through urine or blood Normal Range Direct (conjugated) bilirubin 0-0.3 mg/dl Total Bilirubin 0.3-1.9 mg/dL Increased levels cause jaundice (red cells breaking faster than normal) Increased levels indicate Liver dx, cirrhosis Hepatitis Gallstones Biliary stricture Cancer of pancreas, gallbladder Gilbert’s dx

12. CALCIUM All cells need calcium to grow strong bones and teeth. It is important for heart function, muscle contration, nerve signaling and blood clotting. Can be measured via blood or urine Normal Range 8.5-10.2 mg/dl Drugs that increase calcium levels Lithium Calcium supplements Thiazide diuretics Thyroxine Vitamin D (drinking too much milk)

13. CALCIUM Indications are r/t Bone dx Cancers – multiple myeloma, cancer of breast, neck, kidney CKD Parathyroid gland Chronic liver dx

14. CALCIUM HIGH Levels Prolonged bedrest HIV/AIDS hyperparathyroidism Metastatic bone tumor Multiple myeloma Hyperthyroidsim Paget’s dx Sarcoidosis Medications LOW levels Hypoparathyroidism Kidney failure Liver dx Magnesium deficiency Malabsorption dx Osteomalacia Pancreatitis Vitamin D deficiency