1. Nouns, Pronouns, & Verbs We should already be familiar with this…

2. Nouns

3. Nouns A noun is a person, place, thing, or idea. Personsdoctor, aunt, Barack Obama PlacesBainbridge Road, stadium Thingstable, bagel, e-mail, pillow Ideaspride, love, democracy, hope

4. Abstract & Concrete Nouns All nouns are either abstract or concrete. Abstract nouns name ideas and things that you cannot touch, such as grammar. Concrete nouns name things you can touch, taste, see, hear, or smell.

5. Abstract & Concrete Nouns Abstract Ambition, greed, goal, thoughts Concrete Orange, backpack, rabbit, hammer, slogan

6. Proper & Common Nouns Proper nouns name particular persons, places, things, or ideas. Always capitalize proper nouns, which may contain more than one word. Common nouns are not capitalized, because they name people and things that are general, not particular.

7. Proper & Common Nouns  Proper  Michael Phelps, Jupiter, County General, August  Common  Athlete, planet, hospital, month

8. Collective Noun  Collective nouns name a group of people, animals, or things. They name the many groups into which people, animals, or things fall.  flock, team, herd, family, senate, audience

9. Compound Nouns Compound nouns consist of two or more words. Sometimes, the words in a compound noun run together as one word, or they may be hyphenated. Sometimes, a compound noun is two separate words. Examples: ninety-one, cookbook, sea-urchin, House of Representatives

10. Pronouns  Pronouns are words that take the place of a noun or another pronoun.  Sometimes you will find pronouns in the same sentence with the word or words they replace.  This word or group of words that the pronoun replaces is the pronoun’s antecedent.

11. Pronouns

12. Pronoun Examples  Katie and Steve both have dogs. She walks her dog every night, but he walks his dog in the morning. They sometimes walk their dogs together on the weekends.  All the pronouns in this example are personal pronouns (they refer to specific people or animals). Some of these personal pronouns are shown in their possessive forms (his, her, their).

13. Verbs

14. Verbs Add a verb to a noun and you bring the noun to life. A verb makes a noun move, stretch, sing, or breathe. Verbs are words that express an action or a state of being. Every sentence has at least one action verb or one linking verb. Some action verbs show actions you can see, such as rise, run, erupt. Other action verbs show actions you cannot see, such as hope, despise, imagine.

15. Verbs Although Jen planned the dinner, Luke bought the ingredients and prepared each dish. The dinner guests enjoyed Luke’s cooking. Verbs change form to indicate time. –The crew works. The crew worked. The crew was working. Linking verbs join—or link—the subject of a sentence with a word or words that identify or describe it.

16. Verbs  Africa is the second largest of the seven continents.  Suddenly, the room became quiet. His face turned red.  Some verbs can be both linking and action verbs but not at the same time. If the word or words following the verb identify or describe the subject, the verb is a linking verb.

17. Verbs  LINKING VERB  Ed feels sick. All food tastes strange to him.  ACTION VERB  Ed feels the top of the kiwi. He will taste the kiwi later.  A verb phrase contains a main verb plus one or more helping (or auxiliary) verbs.  The plumber should have been here by now.  Hasn’t anyone called her yet?  Not (n’t in a contraction) is never part of the verb phrase.

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