2. Lecture 1 General Features of U.K. (Geography) By Wang Huimei

4. Introduction: Abstract In this lecture, we are going to discuss some main features of Britain. It is about the physical features such as its territory, climate, rivers and important natural resources and major big cities. We will also deal with its population, age and sex structure, ethnic groups and other related topics.

5. Focus Questions(part one) What is the full name of the British statestate? What countries does it consist of? What is the total population of the United KingdomKingdom? Where do most British people live? What is the most densely populated area of Britain? What is the least populated? Which is the largest ethnic group in U.K.? Why are there so many different ethnic groups in Britain?

6. Focus Questions (part two) What is the official language in Britain? What is the longest river in England? What is the largest lake in Britain? What are the main natural resources of U.K.? Describe some of the big cities in Britain. Describe the main features of the climate in Britain.

7. The Full Name of the British State

8. The Total Population of Britain :(1) in mid-1991 57.8 million (it ranks 17th in the world)

9. The Total Population of Britain (in millions):(2)

10. Population Density (population per square kilometer)

11. Population: by ethnic groups(1987-89)54.666 million including 51.6 whites

12. Other Facts About Britain The official language: English The longest river in England: River Severn An important river in Britain: 泰晤士河 The largest lake in Britain: 内伊湖 Major natural resources: oil, natural gas, coal, iron, forests, and so on.

13. Some of the Big Cities Capital City: London Major cities in southeastern England Major cities in central England Major cities in northern England Major cities in Scotland

14. London The City of London +Inner London + Outer London= Greater London The city with the largest population in U.K.:6.767 million (1985) The commercial center: the West End The political center: the City of Webminster (Downing street, Buckingham Palace) The cultural center: London University (the biggest) The center of Labor Movement (Chartism) 宪章运动 The industrial center

15. Major cities in southeastern England Greenwich: 1)Royal Greenwich Observatory 2)tourist city: National Maritime museum; Royal Naval College Oxford: 大学城 Oxford University(one of the 3 most famous universities in Britain, the other 2 being Cambridge University and London University) Cambridge: Cambridge University

16. Major Cities in Central England Birmingham: the 2nd largest city in Britain and the center of British Industrial Revolution Stratford: Stratford upon Avon, famous because of William Shakespeare, the greatest poet.

17. Major Cities in Northern England Manchester: flourishing in the Industrial Revolution; one of the centers of British labor movement （恩格斯） Liverpool: the 2nd port; the Beatles Newcastle: a port; a center of ship-making industry

18. Major Cities in Scotland Glasgow: the largest city and main port in Scotland Edinburgh: economic center of Scotland; a tourist city second only to London in U.K.; a cultural city Glasgow city chambers and George Square

19. Main Features of Climate The climate is generally mild and temperate, with few extremes of temperature. It is rarely above 32 or below -10 C.temperature The average annual rainfall is more than 1600mm in the mountainous areas of the north and west but less than 800mm over central and eastern parts.rainfall

20. Assignment Review the topics we have covered in this lecture. Get prepared to answer questions mentioned in the lesson.

21. Temperature in England & Wales 1992(in Centigrade)

22. Rainfall in England & Wales 1992 (in centimeters)