1. Food Review

2. Essential Nutrients Carbohydrates Protein Fat Minerals Vitamins Water Fiber

3. All Nutrients ≠ Food Food is a source of energy – Carbs, proteins, fats are food – Plants transform energy from the SUN into chemical energy in the bonds in glucose. That energy is released and used by living organisms when the bonds between glucose atoms are broken. Other necessary nutrients – Water – Vitamins – Minerals – Fiber

4. Types of Food Carbohydrates – Major energy source – Used by CELLS in respiration – Sugar + oxygen  Carbon Dioxide + Water + energy Proteins – Building materials – Source of nitrogen (N) – Alternate energy source Fats – Insulate and protect organs – Stores food energy not used by body…9 cal/g

5. Fat Molecules Protein molecule Carbohydrate molecule (Sugar)

6. Sources of Food Carbohydrates – Sugar – Fruits – Veg – Whole grain Proteins – Meats, eggs, milk…complete proteins – Beans, legumes…incomplete proteins Fats – Dairy & animal products (saturated) – Nuts, avocado, olives (unsaturated)

7. Other Nutrients Water – Dissolves nutrients and waste – Helps control body temperature Minerals – Necessary for body processes (nerve and heart function) – Become part of the body (iron-hemoglobin, calcium- bones) Vitamins – Necessary for metabolic processes. Needed by enzymes so they can perform catalyst functions. Fiber – Needed to move food through the digestive system

8. Relationship between Food and Respiration C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2  6H 2 O + 6CO 2 + energy 1.Food provides the fuel for respiration 2.Food is broken down and made smaller 3.Then broken into molecules 4.Then moved through passive or active transport into the blood stream 5.Then transported through the blood to the mitochondria in cells 6.Mitochondria convert food to energy & store it as ATP

9. Relationship between Respiration and Photosynthesis Photosynthesis is the creator of most food on the planet. Producers create food, and it is transferred through other organisms in the environment. Photosynthesis requires sun, CO 2 and water. It occurs in chloroplasts in plant cells. 6H 2 O + 6CO 2 + sun’s energy  C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 Reactants and products are reversed in Respiration C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2  6H 2 O + 6CO 2 + energy