1. Steve Rutz NOAA/NESDIS National Oceanographic Data Center NODC Observing Systems Team Leader June 21, 2011

2. Overview Background and Terminology Past Data Models New Data Models Recent activities toward a more efficient archive Archive automation Archive access services NetCDF templates Outreach

3. Acquire: receive ocean and coastal data from U.S. and foreign sources Archive: preserve those data assets for the long term Access: provide access to archival data and data products for business, federal, science, and many other customers Add Value: assemble easy-to-use, long term collections for science and applications So, what does NODC do? Scientific Stewardship

4. The OAIS Reference Model Open Archival Information System (OAIS) ISO Standard (14721) for Digital Archives Applies to all organizations that need to preserve digital information for the long-term Does NOT specify any particular implementation An organization conforms to the OAIS RM by discharging a minimal set of responsibilities and supporting basic information concepts

5. The OAIS Environment Producer provides information to be preserved Management sets overall policy Consumer seeks and acquires preserved information OAIS Archive Management Producer Consumer The OAIS Environment from 30,000 ft

6. Data Model (NODCentric) An abstract model that documents and organizes environmental data for communication between data producers, the Archive (NODC), and data consumers so that applications can be written to access and store data. Data Producer ↔ NODC ↔ Data Consumer

7. Past Data Model: MULDARS MULti-disciplinary Data Archive and Retrieval System (aka, NODC Master Data Files) NODC developed MULDARS in 1970s Dozens of File Formats One for each type of data ASCII/text, 80 or 120 character records Example: High-resolution CTD/STD Data (F022) Example: Benthic Organism Data (F132) Most data stored/accessed in one or more of these formats Ended in 1994 – Difficult to maintain Converting new data Adding new data types

8. New Data Models: netCDF Network Common Data Form (netCDF) Developed by Unidata program at the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR) In different contexts: data model, file format, or API NODC started receiving data in netCDF – 1990s Two Data Models Classic Enhanced

9. Classic netCDF Data Model

10. Enhanced netCDF Data Model

11. Submission Information Form – a Submission Agreement reached between NODC and the Producer that specifies a data model for the Data Submission Sessions IDs POCs, environmental data types, file formats, etc. Submission Information Package – data and metadata files packaged by Producer and acquired by NODC Archival Information Package Accession Tracking Database – tracks metadata relevant to data discovery and records version control for long-term stewardship Producer's SIP – data are preserved as submitted to NODC Archive's supplementary files – browse graphic of geographic coordinates, FGDC metadata records, and more interoperable file formats of the data for long-term stewardship Archive Automation

12. Archival buoy data from NDBC in F291 format (Meteorology, Oceanography, and Wave Spectra Data from Buoys) NODC “manually” archived since 1970 Difficult for NDBC to add new data types (last one added in 2005) and maintain code NODC-NDBC Modernization Project – 1 st phase completed 2 nd Quarter 2011 NODC automated acquisition and archiving of data from NDBC’s moored (weather) buoys and Coastal-Marine Automated Network (C-MAN) stations Data in netCDF-4 – uses Enhanced Data Model Next phase – Tropical Atmosphere-Ocean (TAO) buoys and CTD casts taken during TAO maintenance cruises Example: NDBC Data

13. Example: GHRSST Project NODC serves as GHRSST Long Term Stewardship and Reanalysis Facility First data stream automatically ingested into NODC Ocean Archive System Over 1.6 million netCDF files and 33 TB of SST data Transitioning from netCDF- 3 to netCDF-4 Classic by 2013 http://ghrsst.nodc.noaa.gov

14. Discovery Human to Machine Interfaces Machine to Machine Interfaces Discovery Human to Machine Interfaces Machine to Machine Interfaces Discovery The NODC Ocean Archive AIP Discovery is enabled through numerous interfaces designed for both humans and their machine clients. Human-to-machine interfaces include government- mandated generalized portals like Data.gov and Geospatial One-Stop (GOS) Discovery services are available for ALL of the NODC Archive holdings, but better metadata supports better discovery! OAS GoogleData.govGOS CSW OpenSearchSRU/ISO23950 Geoportal Server Web App Geoportal Server REST API

15. Access and Use LAS, GIS, KML WCS, WMS, SOS DAP FTP and HTTP The NODC Ocean Archive AIP Enhanced online access, visualization, and analysis tools: These capabilities require more structured metadata and standardized file formats, so are available to the fewest archive holdings. Data Access Protocol (DAP): Requires standard file formats so is available to fewer archive holdings. Basic FTP/HTTP access for all Archival Information Packages (AIP) in the NODC Ocean Archive: These distribution methods have no format or metadata requirements so they work for all archive holdings, but they provide only basic download capability. Get your DIPs!

16. Access Services Ocean Archive System http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/Archive/Search HTTP and FTP ftp://data.nodc.noaa.gov/ http://data.nodc.noaa.gov/ OPeNDAP’s Data Access Protocol via Hyrax http://data.nodc.noaa.gov/opendap OGC’s WMS and WCS via THREDDS Data Server http://data.nodc.noaa.gov/thredds Web Accessible Folder of metadata harvested by Google, geodata.gov (aka, Geospatial One Stop), and Data.gov http://data.nodc.noaa.gov/NESDIS_DataCenters/metadata/index.html Live Access Server http://data.nodc.noaa.gov/las

17. Access Services Stay tuned … More to Come! OGC’s Catalog Service for the Web (CSW) Search/Retrieval via URL (SRU) Geoportal Server ArcGIS Server and someday Sensor Observation Service (SOS) In other words, this is not your father’s NODC! (or your adviser’s, or the NODC you knew while in grad school…)

18. NODC’s netCDF templates Follows standard conventions NetCDF Climate and Forecast (CF) Metadata Unidata’s netCDF Attribute Convention for Dataset Discovery (ACDD) Recommends best-practices for variables and attributes – e.g., uuid, platform, instrument, and expand acronyms

19. NODC’s netCDF templates Based on "feature types" by Unidata and CF trajectory (“done”) profile (“done”) grid (“done”) point (started) trajectory profile (started) time series time series profile swath

20. NetCDF and Conventions stack netCDF-3 netCDF-4(/HDF-5) netCDF-classic netCDF-enhanced CF NODC Best Practices File Format Data Model Community Conventions Extended Community Conventions Low level netCDF, HDF API netCDF- API, OPeNDAP Servers ( e.g. THREDDS ), Matlab libcf, nc-ISO, GIS software (e.g. GDAL), LAS Custom software ACDD pointtime seriestrajectory profile time series profile trajectory profile swath grid CF Feature Types This is now an OGC standard Software Stack GHRSST, WOD, GTSPP, etc standards NODC – National Oceanographic Data Center CF- Climate Forecast ACDD - Attribute Conventions for Data Discovery GDAL – Geospatial Data Abstraction Library ISO – International Organization for Standardization LAS - Live Access Server ERDDAP – Environmental Research Division’s Data Access Program netCDF- network Common Data Format HDF – Hierarchical Data Format GIS – Geographic Information Systems DAP – Distributed Access Protocol API – Application Programming Interface

21. Outreach NODC Archive Training Session for IOOS Regional Association Data Managers (April 2011) NOAA EDMC (June 2011) Earth Science Information Partner (ESIP) Federation meeting (August 2011) Next steps with netCDF templates Post to NOAA's Global Earth Observation - Integrated Data Environment (GEO-IDE) for comment Propose to CF

22. Send us an e-mail! To: NODC.DataOfficer@noaa.gov From: Stakeholder Subject: NODC’s netCDF templates Information? Collaboration?