1. From: http://www.biggercamera.com/category/stray-dogs/ Shoshone Falls on the Snake River, Idaho

2. Timothy H. O’Sullivan – Shoshone Falls, Idaho, 1868

3. BASALT FLOW TRACHYTE FLOW

4. From: http://www.nature.nps.gov/geology/usgsnps/province/columbiaparks.jpg COLUMBIA PLATEAU AND SNAKE RIVER PLAIN

5. By Bryan et al. 2002, from http://www.mantleplumes.org/SLIPs.html LARGE IGNEOUS PROVINCES

6. From http://bprc.osu.edu/education/rr/plate_tectonics/mantle_convection_cell.gif TYPICAL MANTLE CONVECTION

7. By Geoff Davies, from http://academic.emporia.edu/aberjame/student/sedlacek2/mantle.htm MANTLE PLUME MODELS From http://picasaweb.google.com/lh/photo/fqGljTGZRn81Z4EWaGJmgg

8. From: http://iceagefloods.blogspot.com/2010/11/lake-bonneville-flood-video-new.html

9. From: http://geology.isu.edu/Digital_Geology_Idaho/M odule14/mod14.htm From: http://www.bio.umass.edu/biology/conn.river/hitchcock.html

10. From: http://www.ask.com/wiki/Wave-cut_platform Wave cut terraces demonstrate the height of Lake Bonneville in Utah

11. From: http://scienceblogs.com/eruptions/2010/08/back_from_the_field_and_into_a.php Lake Bonneville shoreline terraces

13. Width of Snake River Canyon carved by catastrophic flood waters

14. Now-dry alcoves at Blue Lakes carved by catastrophic flood flow

15. From: http://iceagefloods.blogspot.com/2010/11/lake-bonneville-flood-video-new.html Flood debris from carving canyons and alcoves

16. Photo by Michael Light ‘86 Go to: http://www.michaellight.net/home.html

17. http://online.wr.usgs.gov/outreach/highlights/enlarg ed/king1869.html http://explorethecanyon.com/grand-canyon-raft- tours-john-wesley-powell-adventure/ From: http://faculty.weber.edu/kmackay/four_great_surveys_of_the_west.htm From: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/canyon/maps/index.html

18. “....the approach to the Shoshone. You ride upon a waste, - the pale earth stretched in desolation. Suddenly you stand upon a brink, as if the earth had yawned. Black walls flank the abyss. Deep in the bed a great river fights its way through labyrinths of blackened ruins, and plunges in foaming whiteness over a cliff of lava. You turn from the brink as from a frightful glimpse of the Inferno.”

19. “Sweeping catastrophism is an error of the past. Radical uniformitarianism, however, persists, and probably controls the faith of a majority of geologists and biologists.”Clarence King address at Yale, 1877 Image from: http://thedude.com/2006/04/