1. Using Pronouns Correctly
Chapter 6
Using Pronouns Correctly

2. Overview Case Special problems Nominative Objective Possessive
Appositives
Elliptical constructions
Reflexive and Intensive
Who and whom

3. Diagnostic Preview Page 122
Number your paper 1 – 10 and complete Diagnostic Preview – A. Proofreading Sentences for Correct Pronoun Forms.

4. Answers She should be Her Correct Him should be He Her should be She
Us should be We
Who should be Whom
Myslef should be I
You should be Your
Whom should be who

5. Case
Nom nom nominative case.
Case is the form of a noun or pronoun that shows how it is used in a sentence.
The grammatical role a noun or pronoun plays in a sentence
Nominative (subjective) Case
Personal pronouns used as subjects and as predicate nominatives (pg 125)
Objective Case
Personal pronouns used as direct objects, indirect objects, and objects of prepositions (pg 128)
Possessive Case
Personal pronouns used to show ownership or possession (pg 131)
Old English, like Latin, depended on word endings to express grammatical relationships.

6. Nominative (Pronoun as Subject)
Objective (Pronoun as Object)
Possessive (Pronoun Showing Ownership I Me
My, mine
You
Your, yours He
Him
His
She
Her
Her, hers It
Its We Us
Our, ours
They
Them
Their, theirs
Who
Whom
Whose
Whoever
Whomever
whoever

7. The Rules Use the nominative case to show the subject of a verb
(She, Her) explained the strategy
She is the subject of the verb explained
I know of no other person in the company who is as smarmy as (he, him)
He is the subject of the understood verb is

8. Exception Rule 1 Squirrel!
A pronoun used as the subject of an infinitive is in the objective case:
Billy Bob expects Frankie Bob and (I, me) to make squirrel stew.
Me, since it is the subject of the infinitive to make
Squirrel!

9. HINT Mentally supply the missing verb.
Herbert knows the material better than (he/him)
Supplying the missing verb does tells you the correct pronoun is he.

10. Rules
2. A pronoun used as a predicate nominative is in the nominative case
A predicate nominative is a noun or pronoun after some form of to be (is, was, might have been, and so on).
The verb to be – in all its forms, is the same as an equal sign
It was (they, them) who first suggested getting the 90 pound puppy
It was they who first suggested getting the 90 pound puppy It
Was We
Nominative =

11. Let’s practice
Complete Exercise 1: Using Pronouns in the Nominative Case

12. Answers They – P.N. They – subject He – subject
He – predicate nominative
She – subject / they – subject
She – subject / he - subject

13. Rules
3. Use the objective case to show that the noun or pronoun receives the action
(Who, Whom) can you send to help us?
Whom is the direct object of the verb can send.
The taxidermist promised to notify Herman and (I, me) of this plans for the moose.
Me (together with Herman) is the object of the infinitive to notify
Um, please just send the guy on the left.

14. Rules
4. A pronoun used in an appositive with a noun is in the same case as the noun.
Appositive is a noun or pronoun placed after another noun or pronoun to identify, explain, or rename
The bond traders, Alice and (she, her) were given bonuses large enough to buy their own banana republic
The pronoun must be in the nominative case (she) because it is in apposition with the noun bond traders.

15. Rules 5. Use the possessive case to show ownership
The manager refused to acknowledge that the memo was (her’s / hers)
Hers is the correct spelling of the possive case, which is needed to express ownership
The boss disapproves of (me, my) leaving the office early
The meaning of the sentence requires the possessive case: my.
Be careful not to confuse possessive pronouns and contractions.
Possesive pronouns
Contractions
Its (belonging to it)
It’s (it is)
Your (belonging to you)
You’re (you are)
Their (belonging to them)
They’re (they are)
Whose (belonging to whom)
Who’s (who is)

16. Rules 6. Use the subjective case after linking verbs
Think about it: because a pronoun coming after a linking verb renames the subject, the pronoun must be in the subjective (nominative) case
The flasher of the month was (I, me)
Use I since the pronoun renames the subject, flasher of the month.

17. Rules
7. Use –self forms correctly with reflexive or intensive situation
Reflexive pronouns reflect back to the subject or object
The superhero embarrassed himself
Unfortunately, he had to rely on himself to save the day.
Don’t use reflexive pronouns in place of subjects and objects
The diner and (myself, I) had a chat.
The diner and I had a chat
Intensive pronouns provide emphasis
The superhero felt that his reputation itself was at stake.

18. Special Problems Appositives (non-essential information – pg 132)
A pronoun used as an appositive is in the same case as the word which it refers
A pronoun following than or as in an elliptical construction is in the same case as it would be if the construction were completed (pg 134)
Reflexive and Intensive pronoun (pg 135)

19. Let’s practice
Complete Exercise 2: Using Pronouns in the Objective Case on page 129

20. Answers Them – indirect object Her – i.o. Him – i.o.
Me – direct object
Him – d.o. / me – d.o.
Him – d.o.
Them – d.o.

21. Special problems Who and Whom (pg 137) 3 rules
Use who or whoever when the pronoun is the subject of a verb
Who said, “Mr. Kelly is like Banquo”
Use who or whoever when the pronoun is the predicate nominative
The winner was who?
Use whom or whomever when the pronoun is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition
Whom did he marry this time
With whom were you dancing at his wedding?

22. The least you need to know
Case is the form of a noun or pronoun that shows how it is used in a sentence
English has three cases: nominative, objective, and possessive
Use the nominative case to show the subject of a verb; use the objective case to show the object of a verb; us the possessive case to show ownership.

23. To study
Look at the Chapter reviews on page