1. The Sleep Cycle Unit 3 Lesson 2

2. Objectives: Define sleep Define sleep Identify the main theories of sleep Identify the main theories of sleep Differentiate between the stages of sleep Differentiate between the stages of sleep

3. Warm Up Describe two of the five different levels of consciousness we talked about yesterday. Describe two of the five different levels of consciousness we talked about yesterday.

4. What Is Sleep? An altered state in which people become relatively unaware of external stimulation An altered state in which people become relatively unaware of external stimulation

5. Studying Sleep (1953) EEG records brain wave activity (1953) EEG records brain wave activity –Frequency and strength EOG record eye movements EOG record eye movements EMG record muscle movements EMG record muscle movements EKG records activity of the heart EKG records activity of the heart

6. Online Activity Use PsychSim 5.0 “EEG & Sleep Stages” at Use PsychSim 5.0 “EEG & Sleep Stages” at http://www.worthpublishers.com/exploring5 e/content/psychsim5/EEG%20and%20Sle ep%20Stages/PsychSim_Shell.html http://www.worthpublishers.com/exploring5 e/content/psychsim5/EEG%20and%20Sle ep%20Stages/PsychSim_Shell.html

7. EEG and Sleep Stages Awake = Beta Waves Awake = Beta Waves Stage 1 = Theta Waves Stage 1 = Theta Waves –Hypnagogic State Stage 2 = Theta Waves Stage 2 = Theta Waves –Sleep Spindles Stage 3 = Delta Waves Stage 3 = Delta Waves Stage 4 = Delta Waves Stage 4 = Delta Waves –Bedwetting, Sleep talk/walk –Night Terrors REM = Mimic’s Beta Waves REM = Mimic’s Beta Waves –Atonia, DREAMING!

8. Sleep Cycle Roughly 5 periods of REM sleep per night Roughly 5 periods of REM sleep per night –Sleep becomes lighter as night wears on –REM sleep becomes longer towards am

9. Why Do We Sleep? Evolutionary Theory: Protective function, keeps people tucking away at night, safe from predators. Evolutionary Theory: Protective function, keeps people tucking away at night, safe from predators. Recuperative Theory: Conserves energy, restores body tissues depleted during daily activity Recuperative Theory: Conserves energy, restores body tissues depleted during daily activity –REM: hormones released that influence thinking & memory formation, mental organization; counteract fatigue, irritability, inattention –NREM: body replenishes itself (tissue restoration and release of growth hormone)

10. Why Do We Sleep At Night? Circadian Rhythm Circadian Rhythm –Internally generated sleep/wake cycle connected to 24-hour pd of earth’s rotation

11. How Much Sleep Do I Need? Infants Infants –20 hours 50% REM 50% REM Children/Adolescents Children/Adolescents –10 hours 25-30% REM 25-30% REM –Bed Later, Up Later Adults Adults –8 hours 20% or less REM 20% or less REM Elderly Elderly –6 hours –Bed Later, Up Earlier

12. What If I Miss Sleep? Effects On Body Effects On Body –Immune system weakens –Metabolic malfunction –Varied body temp Effects On Brain Effects On Brain –Moodiness –Decreased cognitive performance Learn slower, remember less, loss concentration & creativity –Blurred vision –Disorganized speech –Hallucinations

13. Sleep Activities Am I Sleep Deprived? Am I Sleep Deprived? Sleep Myths Quiz Sleep Myths Quiz

14. Am I Sleep Deprived? Yes/No I need an alarm clock to wake up for school. I need an alarm clock to wake up for school. It’s a struggle to get out of bed in the morning. It’s a struggle to get out of bed in the morning. I hit the snooze bar several times to get more sleep. I hit the snooze bar several times to get more sleep. I feel tired, irritable and stressed out during the week. I feel tired, irritable and stressed out during the week. I have trouble concentrating and remembering. I have trouble concentrating and remembering. I feel slow with critical thinking, problem solving and being creative. I feel slow with critical thinking, problem solving and being creative. I often fall asleep in boring classes or warm rooms. I often fall asleep in boring classes or warm rooms. I often fall asleep within 5 minutes of getting into bed. I often fall asleep within 5 minutes of getting into bed. I often feel drowsy while driving. I often feel drowsy while driving. I often sleep extra hours on weekend mornings. I often sleep extra hours on weekend mornings. I often need a nap when I get home from school. I often need a nap when I get home from school. I have pink circles around or dark circles under my eyes. I have pink circles around or dark circles under my eyes.

15. Am I Sleep Deprived? Yes/No An answer of “yes” to three or more of the previous questions indicates sleep deprivation. An answer of “yes” to three or more of the previous questions indicates sleep deprivation. You can easily improve your mood, performance and health by getting more sleep ! You can easily improve your mood, performance and health by getting more sleep !

16. Closure How has sleep deprivation affected your life? Which activities contribute most to your sleep deprivation?