1. LANDLOCKED DEVELOPING COUNTRIES HARNESSING ICT OPPORTUNITIES
Mrs. Fuatai Purcell Head of Division, LDCs, LLDCs & SIDS
Emergency Telecom & Climate Change
BDT/ITU
LLDC CONFERENCE
VIENNA, 3-7 November 2014

2. LDCs + LLDCs : LLDCs 17 15 LAO NEPAL BHUTAN AFGHANISTAN South Sudan
MALAWI
RWANDA
NIGER
UGANDA
LAO
CHAD
BURKINA FASO
BURUNDI
ETHIOPIA
NEPAL
ZAMBIA 17
BHUTAN
LESOTHO
AFGHANISTAN
MALI
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
South Sudan
Add south sudan – LDC
KAZAKHSTAN 15
AZERBAIJAN
PARAGUAY
TURKMENISTAN
FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA
TAJIKISTAN
KYRGYZSTAN
MONGOLIA
MOLDOVA
BOLIVIA
ARMENIA
SWAZILAND
BOTSWANA
ZIMBABWE
UZBEKISTAN

3. SPREAD OF LLDCs!
ASIA (10)
EUROPE (4)
LATIN AMERICA (2)
AFRICA (16)

4. CHALLENGES
DEPENDENCY ON NEIGHBORING AND COASTAL COUNTRIES FOR CONNECTIVITY
LOW INTEREST TO INVEST IN ICT INFRASTRUCTURE IN LLDCs
INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT COSTS ARE HIGH
TRANSPORT ROUTES TO LLDCs ARE DIFFICULT, LONG AND EXPENSIVE
REMOTENESS FROM WORLD MARKETS
A HIGH VULNERABILITY TO EXTERNAL SHOCKS
LLDCs in Central Asia are located at least 3,500 kilometres away from the nearest maritime port, and seven face distances in excess of 1,500 kilometres away from sea ports

5. BUT THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES … FOR SOME
HIGH GROWTH IN MOBILE BROADBAND SUBSCRIPTIONS WORLDWIDE
INTERNET TRAFFIC GROWS DAILY

6. SOME OPPORTUNITIES ARE IN ICTs

7. Fixed (wired)-broadband monthly subscription charges, in USD
LLDC
TRANSIT COUNTRY

8. International Internet bandwidth, in Mbit/s
LLDC
TRANSIT COUNTRY

9. SATELLITE IS EVEN MORE COSTLY
To meet current demands using satellite by lowering costs through Space Segment Consolidation efforts. But prices are going down!!
LLDCs face severe challenges to growth and development due to a wide range of factors, including:
poor physical infrastructure,
weak institutional and productive capacities,
small domestic markets,
remoteness from world markets, and
a high vulnerability to external shocks .
Four LLDCs in Central Asia are located at least 3,500 kilometres away from the nearest maritime port, and seven face distances in excess of 1,500 kilometres away from sea ports

10. BUT WE ARE TAKING ACTION …
ITU PLENIPOTENTIARY CONFERENCE
RESOLUTION 30 (Rev. Guadalajara, 2010) - Special measures for the least developed countries, small island developing states, landlocked developing countries and countries with economies in transition
WORLD TELECOMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE
RESOLUTION 16 (Rev. Dubai 2014) - Special actions and measures for the least developed countries, small island developing states, landlocked developing countries and countries with economies in transition
WORLD CONFERENCE ON INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS
RESOLUTION PLEN/1 (DUBAI, 2012) - Special measures for landlocked developing countries and small island developing states for access to international optical fibre networks
FIX RESO 16

11. MISSION TO CONNECT THE WORLD
2013

12. ACTION ON THE GROUND – PRIORITY AREAS
Infrastructure Development
Regulatory and Market Environment
ICT Statistics and Indicators
Capacity Building
ICT Applications
Emergency Telecommunications
Climate Change and E-Waste
Cybersecurity
Digital Inclusion
LDCs, LLDCs and SIDS
ACTION ON THE GROUND – PRIORITY AREAS

13. ITU ACTIVITIES ITU-D ITU-R ITU-T V - Series
Vital role in developing policy, regulation, and legal frameworks. Implements ICT projects and activities across the Globe
ITU-R
ITU-T
Vital role in developing international standards defining elements in the interoperability of ICT global infrastructure.
Vital role in global management of the radio-frequency spectrum and satellite orbits
V - Series
Radio Regulations

14. DIGITAL OPPORTUNITIES ARE IN BROADBAND
“In the 21st century, affordable broadband access to the Internet is becoming as vital to social and economic development as networks like transport, water and power”
– Dr Hamadoun Touré, ITU Secretary-General
Enhancing access to broadband
All countries should have a national broadband plan or strategy or include broadband in their Universal Access / Service Definitions.
Entry-level broadband services should be made affordable in developing countries through adequate regulation and market forces (amounting to less than 5% of average monthly income).
40% of households in developing countries should have Internet access.
Internet user penetration should reach 60% worldwide, 50% in developing countries and 15% in LDCs.
Making broadband policy universal.
Making broadband
affordable
Connecting homes to broadband

15. BROADBAND IN LLDCs! POLICY How to make it work? Reduce Costs!!!!
Committed to connecting the World
How to make it work?
Reduce Costs!!!!
Cost Factors for Broadband
REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT
INTERNATIONAL CONNECTIVITY
NATIONAL BACKBONE
INFRASTRUCTURE SHARING
ACCESS NETWORK
POLICY
COMPETITION
Changes in technology, like moving from satellite to submarine cables for international connectivity, and from microwave to fibre in national backbone and infrastructure sharing, can result in substantial reductions in the cost of delivering broadband services. Similarly, increasing the amount of spectrum available (which allows for faster end-user speeds) will increase take-up rates, which also helps to reduce per-subscriber costs.
Regulators and policy makers must create transparent environments that promote investor confidence, and should actively support open access and sharing to help operators deploy networks that will be profitable – and intervene when necessary to ensure availability in rural areas.
Cost factors include: infrastructure costs (for example, international connectivity, national backbone, infrastructure sharing, access network), the level of competition and the level of demand. Supply-side issues affects broadband adoption.

16. EMERGING OPPORTUNITIES FOR LLDCs B more
BROADBAND GROWTH OF 10 %
GDP
GROWTH
Check MIS report under investment ….
0.1% – 1.5%
1.5%
GDP/Year
Labor Productivity over 5 Years

17. ITU ACTIVITIES FOR ALMATY PoA
PRIORITY AREAS
ACTIVITIES
FUNDAMENTAL TRANSIT POLICY ISSUES
ICT Global Policy and Regulatory Framework Harmonization
Human and Institutional Capacity Bulding
INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE
Infrastructure Development Projects
Introduction of Sustainable Business Models
National Broadband Plans and Strategies
INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND TRADE FACILITATION
E-Business, e-Government, e-Banking, e-Trading, PKI for Secure Transactions, Cybersecurity
INTERNATIONAL SUPPORT MEASURES
Facilitating Access to technologies and transfer of know how.
Forging Partnerships (Gvts, IGOs, Industry)
IMPLEMENTATION AND REVIEW
Concentrated Assistance, reporting.

18. THANK YOU