1. Made by St. Haytham Khaled Elhessi

2. In English, there are many types of expressions and units that can’t be translated word by word such as idioms, proverbs, phrasal verbs, phrasal nouns, and compound nouns. In order to translate such expressions correctly, you should look for the meanings intended by English people. Introduction

3. Phrasal Nouns What is a phrasal noun? A phrasal noun can be defined as a combination of a noun and a preposition which carries a special meaning. Phrasal nouns are idiomatic; therefore, they cannot be translated word by word. Note: The noun and the preposition within a phrasal noun are usually separated by a hyphen.

4. Phrasal Nouns Examples within sentences The right translation A phrasal noun Ahmad’s car needed a tune-up. تصليح / تجديد Tune-up We had some light workouts in the local club last night. تمرين Work-out The children ate up all the left- overs of meal. البقية من وجبة Left- overs The turn-outs were astonished when seeing the manager. الحضور ( في اجتماع مثلا ) Turn-out There was a mix-up at the office, so we didn’t take our cards immediately. خطأ ( في إعدادات مثلا ) Mix-up He has had a drop-out for two years since he works to support his family. الانقطاع عن الدراسة Drop-out

5. Compound Nouns Compound nouns are two individual words that carry one meaning. They are part of one unit, so they cannot be translated word by word. They can be written either as a single word or as two separate words.

6. Compound Nouns Examples: The right one The literal translation Compound Nouns موقف سياراتكمية إيقاف Parking lot مكتبة صغيرةقضية كتاب Book case بطاقة تأمين السيارة أو العملبطاقة خضراء Green card شباك دائري يكون في الكنائس شباك وردة Rose window حاشية الملك ( مجلس الشورى ) ثقة الدماغ Brain trust طريق السكة الحديدة الذي يؤدي إلى مدن عدة خط الفرع Branch line

7. Compound Nouns Examples: The right translation The literal translationCompound Nouns المشتل مركز الحديقة Garden center الفدية ( المال الذي يُدفع لأهل المقتول ) مال الدم Blood money الضحك المفرطضحك البطن Belly laugh

8. The end Thank you so much for paying attention.