1. Defense Weather Systems Directorate
(DWSD)
DMSP, DWSS and McMurdo Overview Satellite Direct Readout Conference 4 – 8 April 2011
Capt Harvey S. Gaber
Ground Systems Branch Chief
Defense Weather Systems Directorate

2. DMSP Imagery: Pre and Post Japan earthquake
DMSP F18 OLS Visible / Air Force Mark IVB
(Before) 09 Mar Z (After) 11 Mar Z
Sendai

3. Agenda Portfolio Overview Defense Meteorological Satellite Program
Defense Weather Satellite Program
DWSD at McMurdo

4. Defense Weather Systems Directorate Mission and Overview
DWSD MISSION
Develop, Acquire, Field, and sustain systems for the collection and distribution of worldwide environmental data for U.S. Government Users
DWSD VISION
Worldwide weather for the Warfigher
Overall picture of wing mission, how programs are related at a basic level.
Mr. John Baldonado
Acting Director

5. Portfolio Overview Also in Portfolio
Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP)
AF Weather Weapon Systems
Also in Portfolio
Space Situational Awareness Environmental Monitoring (SSAEM)
SSA
Environmental
Effects Fusion
(SEEFS)
Communication/
Navigation Outage Forecast System
(C/NOFS)

6. Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP)

7. DMSP Overview
Contract Facts
LM responsible for spacecraft integration and testing
NG manages sensors (OLS)
NG-Azusa (SSMIS)
Air Force Research Laboratory (SSJ5, SSM, SSIES)
Naval Research Laboratory (SSULI)
Applied Physics Laboratory (SSUSI)
Sandia National Laboratory manages SSF
Funding and support provided via MIPR
Integral Systems Incorporated certifies S/C flight software
Independent Verification and Validation
DMSP
DMSP Mission Description
Collect and disseminate global high-resolution visible and thermal cloud cover imagery to DoD forces and the intelligence community
Program Status
F18 launched Oct 2009
4 Satellites in orbit providing RTD, Fine and Smooth Stored data
F19: Integration and test under way for late 2012 launch
F20: Last DMSP Satellite being prepared for 2016 or beyond launch

8. DMSP Mission
Collect meteorological, oceanographic and solar geophysical data on a global basis:
Visible and infrared cloud data, night time lights, sea ice thickness, sea surface wind speed, contrails predictions
Collect solar optical & radio, solar wind, magnetospheric, ionospheric and ultraviolet (UV) spectrum data
UHF scintillation forecasts, U2 high-flyer radiation warning, energetic particle/charging warnings
Deliver data to military/national users worldwide
AF& Navy weather centers and worldwide tactical terminals
Overall picture of wing mission, how programs are related at a basic level.

9. Operational Constellation (Sun Synch – Local Time Ascending Node)
F16, 2001 LTAN
F18, 1954 LTAN
F15, 1926 LTAN
F13, 1831 LTAN
F17, 1731 LTAN
F14, 1714 LTAN
PRIMARY MID-MORNING
PRIMARY EARLY MORNING
BACK-UP
TACTICAL ONLY

10. DMSP Sensor Suite Special Sensor Microwave Imager Sounder (SSMIS)
Ultraviolet
Limb Imager
(SSULI)
Spectrographic
Imager (SSUSI)
Special Sensor Microwave Imager Sounder (SSMIS)
Operational
Linescan
System (OLS)
Special
Sensor
F (SSF)
Ionospheric
Electron Scintillation
(SSIES-3)
Magnetometer
(SSM)
Electron/Ion Spectrometer
(SSJ5)

11. OLS Products and Users
Primary input to AFWA and FNMOC (Fleet Numerical Meteorology Oceanography Center) – Cloud and Weather Forecasting
Primary high resolution imagery source for the National/Naval Ice Center
Major waterway monitoring
Arctic and Antarctic sea ice progression and regression

12. SSMIS Products SSMIS – Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder
Provides atmospheric temperature and humidity profiles from the Earth’s surface to an altitude of 30 kilometers

13. Supported Capabilities
Command & Control
DMSP image of sand storm
Force Protection (sand/dust storms)
Sand and Dust Source Region
Sand and Dust Storm

14. AF GEOSPACE (Auroral Oval)
Space Environmental
Support Systems
GPS Error
Auroral Boundary
UHF Scintillation
Auroral Boundary
AF GEOSPACE (Auroral Oval)
Electron Density
Radiation Levels

15. Defense Weather Satellite System (DWSS)

16. DWSS Overview DMSP Contract Facts DoD Contract for Space Segment
Northrop Grumman (NGAS) prime integrator
NGAS modified C-bus
Sensor Subcontractors
Raytheon El Segundo (VIIRS)
Microwave Sensor – under development
JHU/APL (SEM-N)
NOAA/NASA for Ground System
Common Ground System (CGS) shared with NPP, JPSS, and international partners
DMSP
DWSS Mission Description
Provide early morning polar orbital plane data for weather mission based on NPOESS IORD II as modified by JROCM
Program Status
13 Aug 11 – Acquisition Decision Memorandum approved for DWSS program
NGAS provide 2 spacecraft w/VIIRS, SEM-N, and Microwave Sensor
FY Funding and contract restructure in progress
Memorandum of Agreement in draft for CGS
DWSS F1 scheduled to launch in 2018
DWSS F2 scheduled to launch in 2021

17. VIIRS Overview Advanced modular multi-channel imager radiometer
DWSS Primary sensor, supports 23 EDRs
Heritage OLS, AVHRR/3, MODIS & SeaWiFSsensors
Continuous Cross-track scanner
22 spectral bands
Data Products
Atmospheric, clouds, earth radiation
Clear-air land/water surfaces, sea surface temperature, ocean color, and low-light visible imagery
Supplier: Raytheon Space and Airborne Systems, El Segundo CA

18. Proposed Microwave Sensor
Collects global microwave radiometry & sounding data
Produces microwave imagery and other meteorological and oceanographic data
Conically-scanning passive microwave sensor supporting EDRs
Provides critical weather information, such as soil moisture, sea surface temp & wind direction capabilities
Deployed Configuration
Microwave 3-D view - water vapor, rain rate, vertical characteristics thru clouds

19. SEM-N
Suite of particle sensors for the detection/measurement of the space environment
Measures energy spectrum and directional distribution of charged particle fluxes near the spacecraft
Comprised of 3 sensors
Special Sensor J5 (SSJ5) for detection of low-energy particles
Energetic Particle Spectrometer (EPS) for medium-energy particles
Omni-directional detectors for high-energy particles
Sensor suite integrated by Johns Hopkins University/Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL)
Provided as GFE to NGAS for integration

20. DWSD at McMurdo

21. DWSS Overview DMSP Contract Facts Harris - DMSP Equipment
McMurdo Station – Ross Island
77.5°S (similar in Latitude to Svalbard)
166.6°E (below Australia/New Zealand)
Contract Facts
Harris - DMSP Equipment
Raytheon - Antennas and JPSS Equipment
Raytheon Polar Services – Logistics
NSF – touch labor maintainance
DMSP
Program Status
Raytheon completed Antenna build during 2010 – 2011 season
Harris successfully completed Critical Design Review
Season kickoff meeting scheduled for 13 Apr 11
Testing planned for Mid-December 2011
IOC of DMSP planned for Jan 2012
McMurdo will be available for JPSS as part of CGS State 2
McMurdo Mission
To incrementally reduce DMSP stored mission data latency, SPO identified McMurdo as ideal southern hemisphere readout site (latency goal is 15 minutes as opposed to 101 minutes max today)
Dramatic increase in DMSP fine resolution OLS cloud imagery data from 35% /rev to ~100% /rev global coverage

22. Current Latency

23. Latency After McMurdo is Online

24. McMurdo Project spans Legacy DMSP JPSS Common Ground System
Architecture Layout
McMurdo Project spans Legacy DMSP
and
JPSS Common Ground System

25. Conclusion
DMSP is the Military Weather flagship and will be for years to come
DWSS will continue the 40+ year legacy of DMSP
McMurdo will cut latency of DMSP by almost half and is a key site for JPSS and DWSS

26. Questions?