1. Inexpensive and Accessible Thermal Imaging for the Detection of Cancer Angela Fan Ben Wang Mark Bucklin Nancy Diao Olufunke Laseinde

2. A Device That Will: Measure Skin-Surface Temperature Report Topographic Location Be Inexpensive Software That Will: Map and Record Spatial Temperature Fluctuations Recognize Patterns of Carcinoma Development A Problem and a Solution Methods Used to Screen and Monitor for Cancer Current Methods Expensive Uncomfortable Inconvenient Rely on Presence of Tumor not Growth of Tumor

3. Detecting Cancer: Current Methods Common Mammography Self Exam Ultrasound Less Common MRI PET/CT Thermography From top left, clockwise: Mammogram (Harvey), Breast Self Exam, Ultrasound of the breast (Tiefenbacher), MRI of the breast with T1 contrast and fat reduction (Harvery), Combined PET and CT (Lavayssiere), Breast Thermogram (http://www.aathermography.com)

4. Thermography “Breast thermography has an average sensitivity and specificity of 90%” “Breast thermography has the ability to detect the first signs that a cancer may be forming up to 10 years before any other procedure can detect it.” “When used as part of a multimodal approach (clinical examination + mammography + thermography) 95% of early stage cancers will be detected.” Bronzino, Joseph. The Biomedical Engineering Handbook. 3 rd ed. ©2006. CRC Press. Ch.25 CMOS Focal Plane Array Cameras ~10 μm IR radiation at 36º C FDA Approved for Screening Alongside Mammograms Particularly good at screening for Breast Cancer Pain Neurological Disorders Top to Bottom: Angiogenesis (http://www.gene.com/gene/research/focusareas/oncology/angiogenesis.html), Breast Thermogram (http://www.thermogramcenter.com/Images.htm)http://www.gene.com/gene/research/focusareas/oncology/angiogenesis.htmlhttp://www.thermogramcenter.com/Images.htm

5. Similar Devices Thermal Imaging Camera Handheld Optical Scanner Near Infrared Absorbance Drexel/Upenn In Clinical Trials Single-Sensor Thermography System Left: Material from Drexel/Upenn device by Chance, B (http://www.biomed.drexel.edu/new04/Content/ProgressReport/fnir_breastcancer.pdf), Center: Nec TS9100 Thermal Imaging Camera (www.metrum.co.uk), Thermal Body Scan (http://thermalbodyscan.com/DITI.aspx). Right: Se Jin Yoon, et. Al. A Study of Thermographic Diagnosis System and Imaging Algorithmhttp://www.biomed.drexel.edu/new04/Content/ProgressReport/fnir_breastcancer.pdfwww.metrum.co.ukhttp://thermalbodyscan.com/DITI.aspx by Distributed Thermal Data using Single Infrared Sensor. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2007;2007:3319-22.

6. Design Specifications/Constraints Design Specifications/ Constraints Power -Enough power to run a complete body scan Accessible/Inexpensive -Lightweight & Handheld -Home -Family Physician, -Humanitarian Software -User Friendly GUI -Pattern Recognition Versatile -Comfortable and Adaptable Reliable -At least 95% accuracy -Detect temperature changes of ~0.1˚F Spatially Accurate -Develop Anatomically Relevant Temperature Map

7. Thermopile Components and Related Products Gyro Accelerometer Optical Sensor Thermistor Position TrackingTemperature Measurement

8. Design Concept #1 CPU Process position Display Coverage Store Temperature Give Directions Diagnose via Pattern Recognition Handheld Device Thermopiles Optoelectronic Sensors Gyro/Accelerometer IR Tracker User Designed with help from: http://gfx-3d-model.blogspot.com/2008/06/laptop-01.html http://www.linkwitzlab.com/Pluto/w-asp-pcb.jpghttp://gfx-3d-model.blogspot.com/2008/06/laptop-01.htmlhttp://www.linkwitzlab.com/Pluto/w-asp-pcb.jpg

9. Design Concept #2 Advantages Form-fitting, stationary devices allows the surveyed area to be easily mapped User will be familiar with and the device form Material will be comfortable. Disadvantages Needs to be made for a variety of breast sizes. Designed with help from: http://gfx-3d-model.blogspot.com/2008/06/laptop-01.html http://www.linkwitzlab.com/Pluto/w-asp-pcb.jpghttp://gfx-3d-model.blogspot.com/2008/06/laptop-01.htmlhttp://www.linkwitzlab.com/Pluto/w-asp-pcb.jpg

10. Design Concept #3 Advantages No complex tracking needed since device would be stationary Flexible material is suitable for a range of breast sizes Disadvantages May be large, and unwieldy May be uncomfortable

11. Questions?