1. Under the supervision of : Prof. Madya Dr. Syarif Husin Lubis

2.  Chong Pek Lian  Chow Paik Wah  Muhanna Mohammed  Norsofiah bt Abu Bakar  Pang Kok Lun  Wee Bee Suan

3. Study of HIV infections knowledge and attitude level among Biomedical sciences undergraduate in UKM Kuala Lumpur campus (KKL) session 2011/2012.

4.  HIV ◦ Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◦ Cause the AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) ◦ Prevalence :  ≈ 34 million people living with HIV in year 2010 (WHO 2011).  More than 100, 000 people living with HIV (M’sia). (UNGASS 2010; Ni & Htet 2012)

5.  Malaysian young adults were found to be lacking of knowledge on HIV/AIDS (Wong et al. 2008).  UMS medical students generally showed high knowledge on HIV but still with some misconceptions (Ni & Htet 2012)

6.  Cross-sectional study on: ◦ Knowledge level ◦ Attitude level of Biomedical sciences student  Provide information for future HIV awareness or education program among undergraduates

7.  Is the HIV infections knowledge and attitude level GOOD among Biomedical sciences undergraduate UKM KKL 2011/2012?

8. The knowledge and attitude regarding HIV infections is good among Biomedical sciences undergraduate UKM KKL 2011/2012.

9. To study knowledge and attitude level of HIV infections among Biomedical sciences undergraduate UKM KKL 2011/2012.

10. 1.To find out knowledge and attitude level regarding HIV infections among Biomedical sciences undergraduate 2.To determine the association of HIV infections knowledge level with gender, race and year of study. 3.To determine the association of HIV infections attitude level with gender, race and year of study

11. Discussion & Conclusion Samples Questionnaire Stratified random sampling Analysis Results All Biomedical science students in Malaysia All Biomedical science students in Malaysia BiomedicalScienceStudentsUKM-KKL Descriptive study Inferential study Pilot study

12. RESULT: Descriptive study  Total sample= 95

13. RESULT: Descriptive study  Total sample= 95  Gender ◦ Male = 26 ◦ Female = 68  Year of study ◦ 1 st Yr = 22 ◦ 2 nd Yr = 29 ◦ 3 rd Yr = 44  Races ◦ Malay = 53 ◦ Chinese = 30 ◦ Indian = 7 ◦ Others = 5

14. MODERATEKnowledge Level Level 4 Knowledge level Categories High ≥ 81 marks Moderate 54 to 80 Low 27 to 53 Poor ≤ 26 78.66±15.94 marks Descriptive study 1.1% 4.2% 42.1% 52.6%

15. Misconceptions on HIV?  99% of respondents claimed know about HIV  However, 26.6% do not know HIV is a kind of virus  11% thought HIV infection can be cured  Some of them thought HIV can spread through:  Mosquito & insect (12.6%)  Kissing (28.4%)  Share towels and clothes (10.5%)  Food & drinks sharing (10.5%)  99% of respondents claimed know about HIV  However, 26.6% do not know HIV is a kind of virus  11% thought HIV infection can be cured  Some of them thought HIV can spread through:  Mosquito & insect (12.6%)  Kissing (28.4%)  Share towels and clothes (10.5%)  Food & drinks sharing (10.5%)

16. 32.6% Attitude level: 4 Attitude level Categories High = 61 – 80 marks Moderate = 41 – 60 marks Low = 21 – 40 marks Poor = 0 - 20 marks 4 Attitude level Categories High = 61 – 80 marks Moderate = 41 – 60 marks Low = 21 – 40 marks Poor = 0 - 20 marks 63.55 ± 6.57 Marks High Attitude Level DESCRIPTIVE STUDY HIGH ATTITUDE LEVEL 67.4%

17. Attitude level (Descriptive Data Analysis)  77.9% willing to have a HIV testing if the test is available.  95.7% feel that someone should go for HIV testing before marriage & pregnancy.  53.7% believed that HIV will have a cure soon.  77.9% willing to have a HIV testing if the test is available.  95.7% feel that someone should go for HIV testing before marriage & pregnancy.  53.7% believed that HIV will have a cure soon.

18. Attitude level (continue…)  74.5% do not feel that HIV patients are immoral.  72.6% can make friends with them.  68.4% willing to invite them to have meal together.  69.5% can accept if their family member is HIV patient.  74.5% do not feel that HIV patients are immoral.  72.6% can make friends with them.  68.4% willing to invite them to have meal together.  69.5% can accept if their family member is HIV patient. Generally, there is no hated, fear or discrimination on HIV patients

19. Association Inferential study Year of Study Year of Study Gender Race Knowledge Attitude

20. GenderKnowledge LevelTotal HighLow Female 35 (36.8%) 33 (34.7%) 68 (71.6%) Male 15 (15.8%) 12 (12.6%) 27 (28.4%) Total 50 (52.6%) 45 (47.4%) 95 (100.0%)  2 = 0.129, p= 0.719 1

21. Year of study Knowledge LevelTotal HighLow 1 st year 6 (6.3%) 16 (16.8%) 22 (23.2%) 2 nd year 14 (14.7%) 15 (15.8%) 29 (30.5%) 3 rd year 30 (31.6%) 14 (14.7%) 44 (46.3%) Total 50 (52.6%) 45 (47.4%) 95 (100.0%)  2 =10.163, p<0.01 2 -Higher knowledge level. -Lower knowledge level.

22. RacesKnowledge LevelTotal HighModerate Malay 23 (24.2%) 30 (31.6%) 53 (55.8%) Non-malay 27 (28.4%) 15 (15.8%) 42 (44.2%) Total 50 (52.6%) 45 (47.4%) 95 (100.0%)  2 = 4.101, p< 0.05 1 -Non-malay group shows higher knowledge level.

23. GenderAttitude LevelTotal HighModerate Female 47 (49.5%) 21 (22.1%) 68 (71.6%) Male 17 (17.9%) 10 (10.5%) 27 (28.4%) Total 64 (67.4%) 31 (32.6%) 95 (100.0%)  2 = 0.333, p= 0.564 1

24. Year of study Knowledge LevelTotal HighLow 1 st year 15 (15.8%) 7 (7.4%) 22 (23.2%) 2 nd year 21 (22.1%) 8 (8.4%) 29 (30.5%) 3 rd year 28 (29.5%) 16 (16.8%) 44 (46.3%) Total 64 (67.4%) 31 (32.6%) 95 (100.0%)  2 = 0.621, p= 0.733 2

25. RaceAttitude LevelTotal HighLow Malay 35 (36.8%) 18 (18.9%) 53 (55.8%) Non-malay 29 (30.5%) 13 (13.7%) 42 (44.2%) Total 64 (67.4%) 31 (32.6%) 95 (100.0%)  2 = 0.097, p= 0.756 1

26. Discussion :  Overall:  Moderate knowledge level  High attitude level  Knowledge level associated with year of study and races  However, attitude level do not associated with gender, races and year of study.

27.  Research by Asian Muslim Action network (AMAN), 2005:  Mosquito & insect (21%)  Kissing (50%)  Food & drinks sharing (18%)  Research by Ni & Htet 2012 (UMS, M’sia):  Physical contact (21%) Discussion :  Research by Maswanya et al. 2000 (Japan):  Mosquito & insect (11.5%)  Misconception of our respondents – HIV transmission:  Mosquito & insect (12.6%)  Kissing (28.4%)  Food & drinks sharing (10.5%)  Physical contact (0%)  Misconception of our respondents – HIV transmission:  Mosquito & insect (12.6%)  Kissing (28.4%)  Food & drinks sharing (10.5%)  Physical contact (0%) Better Knowledge level

28. Discussion :  Attitude of our respondents:  HIV patients are not immoral (74.6%)  Can make friends with them (72.6%)  AIDS are not God’s punishment (53.2%)  Attitude of our respondents:  HIV patients are not immoral (74.6%)  Can make friends with them (72.6%)  AIDS are not God’s punishment (53.2%)  Research by AMAN, 2005:  HIV patient have no morality (48%)  HIV patient are living in sin (52%)  HIV patient are helpless (70%)  Research by AMAN, 2005:  HIV patient have no morality (48%)  HIV patient are living in sin (52%)  HIV patient are helpless (70%) Better Attitude level

29. Knowledge level associated with year of study and races  Syllabus of UKM Biomedical Sciences: ◦ 1 st year: Basic sciences knowledge ◦ 2 nd year & 3 rd year:  Virology  Medical microbiology  Pathology Related to HIV/ AIDS  Epidemiology  Immunology  Hematology  Integrative diagnosis

30. Conclusion: Overall, o Knowledge level is MODERATE. o Attitude level is GOOD. o Knowledge level is associated with year of study and race

31. REFERENCES: Maswanya, E., Moji, K., Aoyagi, K., Yahata, Y., Kusano, Y., Nagata, K., Izumi T. & Takemoto, T. 2000. Knowledge and attitudes toward AIDS among female college students in Nagasaki, Japan. Health Educ. Res. 15 (1):5-11. Ni, H. & Htet, A. 2012. Knowledge and Attitude of HIV/AIDS Infection among Medical Students. International Journal of Collaborative Research on Internal Medicine & Public Health. 4(4): 317-326 UNGASS 2010. UNGASS Country Progress Report – Malaysia. Malaysia: UNGASS WHO 2011. Global summary of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, Disember 2010. http://www.who.int/hiv/data/2011_epi_core_en.png. [19 May 2012]. Wong, L.P., Chin, C.K.L., Low, W.Y. & Jaafar, N. 2008 HIV/AIDS- related knowledge among malaysian young adults: Findings from a nationwide survey. J Med 10(-6):148