1. Gold Rush! GOLD!

2. What was the Gold Rush? – Period from 1848/49-1858 when hundreds of thousands of men traveled west to improve their fortunes. (…find gold!) Prospector -person who scouts out an area in search of gold Stinky Pete 

3. How did it begin? – January 24, 1848 James Marshall discovers gold at Sutter’s Mill near Sacramento, CA

4. Samuel Brennan – Sparked the Gold Rush of 1849 by publishing an article about the discovery of gold at Sutter’s Mill – Became California’s first millionaire by investing in General Stores that sold goods to miners His stores made enormous profits by selling as much as $5,000 ($120,000 today) in goods per DAY to miners Gold! Gold from the American River! Gold! Gold from the American River!

5. 1848: CA is largely unsettled 100,000 Native Americans, 10,000 Mexican Californians “Californios”, 7 Chinese, 2,000 U.S. citizens, and a few hundred Europeans 1849: 100,000 miners travel to CA “49-niners” or “Argonauts” 1850: California became a state San Francisco’s population exploded from 1,000 people in 1848 to 25,000 in 1850 Population Timeline

6. Who were the 49ers?

7. “San Francisco is a hodgepodge of cities. You can hear all the languages on earth in its streets: Chinese, Norwegian, Russian, and Polynesian. You can see the garb of all the nationalities. There are Chinese with belted black pantaloons and blue blouses, with pigtails down to their knees; a Mexican with his sarape or blanket; the Chilean in his poncho; a Parisian in his smock; an Irishman with coat and crushed felt hat; and the Yankee in his red flannel shirt, heavy boots, and trousers belted at the waist. Cultural diversity remains a Gold Rush legacy.” - Benjamín Vicuña MacKenna

8. Discrimination: http://museumca.org/goldrush/audio/discrimination.html Groups Discriminated: African Americans Chinese Native Americans Hispanics Actions Taken: Foreign Miners Tax ($20 per month) Anti-immigration Acts Physical harm “Society of Hounds”, Extermination Racism

9. Mining for Gold Terminology Ore- rock that contains valuable minerals (gold) that can be extracted Gold deposits exist in 2 forms: 1.Placer deposits- when gold is moved as a result of some type of erosion (wind, water, ice, gravity) – Gold nuggets, small particles, gold dust 2.Lode deposits- place where gold originates (mountains)

10. Mining Placer Deposits:

13. Mining Lode Deposits:

14. Did I do that?

15. “Coal Hill” a.k.a Mt. Washington

16. Effects of the Gold Rush 1.Population Shifts Boomtown: community experiencing a sudden growth in business or population – Ex. San Francisco Ghost Towns: former mining towns that became deserted Discrimination, lawlessness (rise of outlaws) and death – Vigilantes- someone who takes the law into their own hand 2.Wealth and Poverty B/t 1848 and 1856 about $465 million worth of gold is taken out (1 st year: $10 million) – ‘Bonanza’ a large find of extremely rich ore (Comstock Lode, NV) Business owners are the real winners in the Gold Rush 3. Destruction of the Environment https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7ewmH- n4ScU

17. 1803: Monroe buys the Louisiana Territory 1819: Spain sold Florida for $5million 1836: Marcus and Narcissus Whitman become the first settlers to travel to Oregon in a covered wagon 1838: The Trail of Tears, the Cherokee Nation was forced to give up lands east of the Mississippi and head to present day Oklahoma 1845: Texas becomes the 28th state 1846: Polk agreed to a compromise with Britain at the 49 th parallel sharing the Oregon Territory January, 1848: Gold is discovered at Sutter’s Mill in California which sparked a huge migration of settlers into California Timeline Key

18. February 2, 1848: The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo is signed at the end of the Mexican War; this gives the U.S. control of New Mexico and California (1861-1865 CIVIL WAR) 1867: William Seward purchases Alaska from the Russians 1869: The First Transcontinental Railroad is completed at Promontory Point, Utah ultimately ending the covered wagon trails 1872: Manifest Destiny, the U.S. mission to spread Democracy and Christianity by expanding the country from coast to coast is coined by John O’Sullivan 1887: The Dawes Severalty Act is passed which calls for the breakup of the reservations and an integration of the Native Americans 1959: Hawaii is admitted as a state