1. OZONE LAYER
DEPLETION

2. What is Ozone?

5. Two different layers in the atmosphere:
Troposphere
Stratosphere
Troposphere - It is found at the Earth’s surface. - Ozone in this area is “bad” because it dirties the air and helps make smog, which is unhealthful to breathe.
- It is a layer miles above the Earth’s surface. - Ozone in this area is “good” because it absorbs some of the sun’s ultraviolet rays. - It is the region where the ozone layer is located.

6. What is ozone layer?

7. Ozone layer is a thin, fragile shield that contains relatively high concentrations of ozone.
It shields the entire Earth from much of the harmful UV radiation that comes from the sun

8. Damage in the ozone layer will naturally mean the entry of harmful rays in to the atmosphere.
In the 1970s, the scientists discovered that the ozone layer is being depleted.

9. Causes of Ozone Depletion

10. Natural Factors seasons weather conditions, and solar cycles
but these are all part of a natural cycle where ozone is continually formed, destroyed and formed again.

11. The main causes of why ozone layer is now being destroyed at a faster rate than it was being naturally produced are the….

12. Manufactured Chemicals

13. Ozone layer is being destroyed by a group of manufactured chemicals that are called ODS or Ozone-Depleting Substances.
ODS are very stable, nontoxic and environmentally safe in the lower atmosphere, which is why they became so popular in the first place. However, their very stability allows them to float up, intact, to the stratosphere. Once there, they are broken apart by the intense ultraviolet light, releasing chlorine and bromine.

14. The main ODS are the following:
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC 11, CFC 12, CFC 13)
Methyl bromide (CH3Br)
Halons (halon-1211, halon-1301, halon-2402)
Carbon tetrachloride (CCI4)
Hydrochloroluorocarbons (HCFC 22 and HCFC 123)

15. The Principal Steps in Stratospheric Ozone Depletion Caused by Humans
Emissions
Accumulation
Transportation
Conversion
Chemical Reaction
Removal

16. The Process of ODS Reaching the Atmosphere

17. Effects of Ozone Depletion

18. The effect of ozone depletion is the increased UV-B radiation reaching Earth’s surface.
Effects on Humans
Sunburn
Sun-damaged skin
Cataracts
Snow blindness
Skin cancer

19. Reduced effectiveness of immune system
Respiratory illness and heart problems

20. Effects on the Environment
Global warming
Climate change
Crop and forest damage
Infections and skin diseases on animals
Less ocean plankton
Less fish harvest

21. Terrestrial Ecosystems
Impacts
Marine Ecosystems
Humans
Terrestrial Ecosystems
Air Quality
Materials
The impact on marine ecosystems, especially on phytoplankton and larvae of higher organisms , are of particular concern.
Damage in the food chain, 30 percent of the world’s animal protein comes from the sea
Damage in the oceanic carbon cycle by which atmospheric carbon dioxide is converted into oxygen.
Reduced terrestrial plant productivity
Reduced food security and food quality
Changes in microbial biodiversity with consequences for soil fertility and plant disease.
Numerical models predict that future changes in UV radiation and climate will modify the trends and geographic distribution of hydroxyl radicals, thus affecting urban and regional photochemical smog formation, as well as the abundance of several greenhouse gases.
The impacts of air pollution on human health and the environment will be directly influenced by future changes in climate, emissions of pollutants, and stratospheric ozone.
Today's materials are somewhat protected from UVB by special additives. Therefore, any increase in solar UVB levels will therefore accelerate their breakdown, limiting the length of time for which they are useful outdoors.

22. Mitigations

23. The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer
When an ozone hole was discovered, several countries unite to prevent the continuous depletion of the ozone layer by implementing policies and other preventive measures.
The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer
Phils. Signed the protocol- Jan 1, 1989
-agreed on 16 September 1987 and entered into force on 1 January 1989

24. Philippines’ Laws and Policies
 Republic Act 6969 or the Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes Control Act.
Republic Act 8749 or the Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999
 Republic Act 6969 or the Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes Control Act. This Act mandates the regulation, restriction, or prohibition of the importation, manufacture, processing, sale, distribution, use and disposal of chemical substances and mixtures that present unreasonable risk and/or injury to health and the environment. 
paved way for the control and regulation of dioxins and furans releases to the air.

25. Republic Act 9003 or the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act.
Presidential Decree 1144
provides the requirements that contributes to the reduction of the emission of dioxins and furans
created Fertilizer and Pesticides Authority an agency that mandates to regulate and monitor production, importation and use of pesticides and other agricultural chemicals in the country.

26. Davao City has also implemented mitigating measures
Davao City has also implemented mitigating measures. The Local Government implemented the Davao City Ecological Solid Waste Management Ordinance 2009 (Section 7, Article 5 of the Ordinance 0361 series of 2010)
- that provides the use of recyclable, biodegradable or reusable containers as food and beverage parcels started 28 June 2012.

27. Conclusions
And
Recommendations

28. Know our responsibilities
development
Sustainable
Be informed
Understand
Know our responsibilities
Educate ourselves
Follow
Be reminded