1. Front Row 1Row 2Row 3Row 4Row 5Row 6 DaisyMarcus Projector Lindsey X TristonJalaCoryDeniyahEstiverVictor LamiaCalebYasminePaulTyrahDe'Quan ArielLaurenDemetriusTiaBrianJada CrystalAntonioChynaIsraelJordanKhalil XXXXXX XXXXXX

2. Row 1Row 2Row 3Row 4Row 5Row 6 Sean RMafataProjectorMaxX CacheJorgeOrianaNixonJazmineHaleem VataBriaJordenHaileyJesseBeija KendraJohnnyTyreeshaJoshDosiniqueJalen KevinD'NijaZaniyahAngelBrandonLamara JackCreightonAaliyahJamirFantasiaChristian XXIanSamyraSean SX

3. Warm – up: On a sheet of notebook paper  Why do you think teenagers take performance enhancing drugs?  Rank the following reasons in order: Desire to gain muscle mass or strength Pressure from others to gain weight or muscle To win at all costs To overcome negative body image To become competitive in a sport or competition Belief that “everyone else is doing it”

4. Unit 2: Alcohol, Tobacco, and other Drugs 1. Warm – up Questions 2. Steroids Guided Notes 3. Venn Diagram 4. Male/Female picture 5. Steroids Crossword 6. Marion Jones: Press Pause

5. 9.ATOD.1: Understand the health risks associated with alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use.

6. General Facts  Once viewed as a problem strictly associated with body builders, fitness "buffs," and professional athletes, the abuse of steroids is prevalent in today’s society.  This is an alarming problem because of increased abuse over the years, and the ready availability of steroids and steroid related products.  The problem is widespread throughout society including school-age children, athletes, fitness "buffs," business professionals, etc.  Teenagers are the leading group of steroid users due to body appearance – 1/3 are not athletes  Both males and females abuse steroids.

7. What do studies show?  The national institute on drug abuse (NIDA) estimates that more than a half million 8th and 10th grade students are now using these dangerous drugs, and increasing numbers of high school seniors don’t believe steroids are risky.  Another study indicated that 1,084,000 Americans, or 0.5 percent of the adult population, said that they had used anabolic steroids.  These are just a couple of examples of how widespread the problem has become.

8. What are anabolic steroids?  Synthetically produced variants of the naturally occurring male hormone testosterone.  Both males and females have testosterone produced in their bodies: males in the testes, and females in the ovaries and other tissues.  The full name for this class of drugs is androgenic (promoting masculine characteristics) anabolic (tissue building) steroids (the class of drugs).

9. The Effect  Androgenic Effect refers to the physical changes experienced by a male during puberty, in the course of development to manhood males and females have similar effects This property is responsible for the majority of the side effects of steroid use.  Anabolic Effects refers to promoting of anabolism, the actual building of tissues, mainly muscle, accomplished by the promotion of protein synthesis.

10. Methods  Injection (most common) Using non-sterile needles can result in blood- borne diseases  Orally (most common)  Pellet implantation under the skin  Application to the skin (e.g. gels or patches).  Steroids are taken anywhere from 1 up to 100 times the normal therapeutic doses of anabolic steroids.

11. Methods cont.  Stacking This often includes taking two or more steroids concurrently  Cycling Abusers will often alternate periods (6 to 16 weeks in length) of high dose use of steroids with periods of low dose use or no drug at all  Pyramiding users slowly escalate steroid use ( during a 6-12 week period increasing the number of drugs used at one time ) Reaching a peak amount at mid-cycle and gradually taper the dose toward the end of the cycle.

12. Physical Effects  High blood cholesterol levels - high blood cholesterol levels may lead to cardiovascular problems  Severe acne  Thinning of hair and baldness  Fluid retention  High blood pressure  Liver disorders (liver damage, jaundice and tumors)  Risk of contracting HIV and other blood-borne diseases from sharing infected needles  Nose bleeds  Damage liver and heart  Enlarging hands and feet  Growth plate to close and stunt growth prematurely

13. Psychological Disturbances  Mood swings (including manic-like symptoms leading to violence)  Impaired judgment (stemming from feelings of invincibility)  Depression  Nervousness  Extreme irritability  Delusions  Steroid psychosis is a mental illness and often results in “roid rage” Resembles temper tantrums and user loses control and may harm others or themselves

14. Steroids and Athletics  Creates an unfair competitive advantage  International Olympic Committee has tested competitors since 1976 Several winners have been stripped of their medals after testing positive  Use of drugs for a competitive edge is unhealthy  Destroys the major purpose of sports competition

15. Controlled Substances Act  On February 27, 1991 anabolic steroids are defined as any drug or hormonal substance chemically and pharmacologically related to testosterone that promotes muscle growth.  The possession or sale of anabolic steroids without a valid prescription is illegal.  Steroids are legal with a prescription.  People are prescribed anabolic steroids because of a disease that causes a decrease in muscle tissue and burn victims

16. Barry Bonds 20052007  Played for Pittsburgh Pirates and San Francisco Giants  7 time NL All-Start  3-time MLB Player of the Year  Holds record for home runs in single season  Holds record for career home runs  Accused of using performance-enhancing drugs  Indicted for perjury and obstruction of justice  Sentenced to house arrest, probation, and community service

17. Marion Jones 20002007  Graduate of UNC  National collegiate champion in basketball  World champion track and field athlete  Winner of five gold medals in the 2000 Olympics  Accused of using performance- enhancing drugs  Lied to Congressional Committee  Convicted of perjury  Acknowledge cheating  Served 6 months in federal prison  Stripped of all medals and records

18. Chris Benoit 20052007  Professional Wrestler for WWF and WWE  National Heavyweight Champion  World Heavyweight Champion  Winner of Raw and Smackdown  Murdered wife and 7 year old son, committed suicide  Autopsy showed elevated levels of synthetic testosterone

19. Sylvester Stallone used steroids to bulk up his body for his last Rocky Balbo movie. Stallone is 63 years old., shown at the 2004 Olympics in Athens, has been named by a witness in the federal investigation into performance-enhancing drugs, according to a report by The New York Times. Maurice Greene, shown at the 2004 Olympics in Athens, has been named by a witness in the federal investigation into performance-enhancing drugs, according to a report by The New York Times.

20. Athletes Caught in the Act  Barry Bonds  Marion Jones  Maurice Greene  Chris Benoit  Sylvester Stallone

21. Male, Female or both  Increases blood cholesterol  Deeper voices  Increases risk for heart attack & stroke  Water retention & bloating  Increases liver disorders (jaundice, tumors)  Stunted growth (in developing adolescents)  Increased irritability violent mood swings

22.  Major depression  Overgrowth of skull and facial bones  Withdrawal with insomnia  HIV or hepatitis B  Infection (from needle use)  Loss of appetite  Aggressive behavior

23.  Fatigue  Frequent, painful urination  Breast enlargement  Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea  Breast reduction  Prostate enlargement  Infertility

24.  Frequent, prolonged headaches  Increased acne  Bad breath  Pattern baldness  Yellow staining of eyes (due to liver malfunction)  Excess body hair  Changes in genitalia

25. Class Discussion – Answer these questions on your warm-up paper  What are the ethical issues surrounding the use of steroids in the athletic arena?  What does it mean to you as high school students that teenagers are the leading population for abuse? What can you do about it?  How do you perceive steroid use, after seeing many athletes succeed with anabolic steroids? (Arnold Schwarzenegger, Jose Canseco, and Jesse Ventura)?  Were you aware that Arnold Schwarzenegger was appointed by President Busch Sr. to the Council on Physical Fitness and Sports? What message could that send to young people?