1. Nasogastric and Gastrointestinal Intubations

2. A client’s condition may warrant special interventions to decompress the gastrointestinal tract. GI intubation is one of these interventions. Paralytic ileus is one of the conditions that would warrant intubation

3. Paralytic Ileus Etiology- Cessation of peristalsis resulting from:
Neurogenic impairment
Mechanical obstruction
Direct irritation
Pathophysiology- When peristalsis ceases, the stomach or small intestine (depending on location of problem or impairment) becomes distended from large quantities of air and fluid
Signs and Symptoms- Abdominal distention, cessation of BMs, absent bowel sounds, vomiting

4. Purpose and Types of Tubes
Nasogastric Tubes- Primarily inserted fo decompression of the stomach
Types of tubes
Levin
Salem Sump
Dobhoff or Duo

5. Purpose and Types of Tubes
Intestinal Tubes- Long intestinal tubes serve several purposes:
Decompression
Splinting
Determination of obstruction site
Types of tubes
Miller-Abbott
Cantor

6. Measuring and Inserting an NG tube

7. Facilitating Tube Drainage
Because gastric and intestinal fluid must move against gravity to be removed suction is required
Low Suction
High Suction
Intermittent Suction
Constant Suction
Proper functioning

8. Prevention of Injury
Anchoring the tube
Pin tube

9. Prevention of Injury Prevent Oral Inflammations
Keep oral membranes moist
Use of ice chips
Hard candy
Prevent reflux and/or aspiration

10. Promotion of Comfort Removal of excess secretions
Water soluble lubricant
Relief for sore throat
Warm saline gargles
Ice bag to neck
Prescribed throat lozenges
Position changes

11. Specialty Tube Sengstaken- Blakemore Tube
Used to control esophageal varices
Multi-lumen tube with 2 balloons