1. World War II

2. Italy March 23, 1919 Benito Mussolini formed the basis for the Fascist Party Oct. 28, 1922 March on Rome; Mussolini took power in Italy

3. Soviet Union (USSR) 1922 Soviet Union formed under V.I. Lenin 1924 Lenin died; Trotsky and Stalin vie for power 1928 Stalin began forced industrialization (Five Year Plan) 1929 Stalin became dictator 1932-1933 Famine created in the Ukraine and other Soviet satellites

4. Germany 1919-1923 Weimar Republic Social and political unrest Military occupation of western regions of Germany Economic hardships Freikorps

5. Adolf Hitler Born near Linz, Austria on April 20,1889 Early life Enlisted in the German army in 1914, and served throughout WW I. Decorated with the Iron Cross. Remained in the army after the war. Sent to spy on small German Worker’s Party (DAP)

6. Hitler 1920 Changed name of the party to the National Socialist German Worker’s Party (NSDAP) Nov. 8-9, 1923 Beer Hall Putsch Hitler spent 5 months in prison for his role in the putsch. Mein Kampf

7. Nazi Rise to Power 1925-1933 1925 Restructuring of the NSDAP SA Legal election. 1929 Great Depression By 1930 Nazis were the second largest party in Germany Jan. 30, 1933 Hitler became chancellor

8. Nazis in Power 1933-1934 Feb. 27, 1933 Reichstag fire March 23, 1933 Enabling Act SS Heinrich Himmler June 30, 1934 Night of the Long Knives Aug. 2, 1934 Hindenburg died; Hitler in sole power.

9. Road to war 1935-1939 1935 Versailles Treaty renounced; Germany began rearmament March 13, 1936 Rhineland reoccupied Spanish Civil War 1936- 1939 March 1938 Austria annexed Sept. 28, 1938 Sudetenland March 1939 Czechoslovakia annexed

10. War Aug. 23, 1939 Nazi- Soviet Pact Sept.1, 1939 Poland invaded Sept. 3 Britain and France declared war Sept. 17 Soviets invaded eastern Poland Sept. 27 Poland surrendered

11. Poland 1939

12. Western Front 1939-May 1940 Sept. 1939- April 1940 Phony War April 1940 Wehrmacht invaded Denmark and Norway May 1940 Belgium and the Netherlands invaded May 10 France invaded through the Ardennes Forest May 26 OPN DYNAMO June 22 France surrendered

13. Battle of Britain Began July 10, 1940 after Churchill declined to negotiate peace First battle fought entirely in the air Luftwaffe 2800 planes Royal Air Force 700 Radar and command and control stations Sept. 7 Beginning of the Blitz. Oct. Luftwaffe switched to night bombing.

15. Balkans 1940-1941 Oct. 28, 1940 Italy invaded Greece April 1940 British troops arrive in Greece April 1941 Yugoslavia and Greece overrun by Wehrmacht May 20-June 1 Battle of Crete

16. OPERATION BARBAROSSA JUNE 22, 1941 116 divisions (14 motorized), 19 panzer divisions, 9 support divisions Set for April, but postponed until June due to Greek and Yugoslav operations June 22 Invasion 2000 Soviet planes destroyed in 1 week Siege of Leningrad Sept. 1941-Jan. 1944

17. Russia Oct.- Dec. 1941 Georgy Zhukov appointed head of the Red Army Oct. 19 Moscow declared under siege Russian winter Dec. 5 Russian counteroffensive Germans driven 40 miles from Moscow

18. Russia 1941

19. Japan 1937-1941 July 28, 1937 Japan invaded China US declared an embargo on Japanese war material Sept. 27, 1940 Japan joins the Axis powers Yamato and Musashi

20. Pearl Harbor Dec. 7, 1941 Pearl Harbor attacked by aircraft from 4 carriers Arizona, Oklahoma, West Virginia, California sunk 18 damaged ships total, 188 aircraft, 3581 US service personnel and civilians killed Japanese losses totaled 50 men and 30 aircraft US declared war on Dec. 8; Dec. 11 Germany and Italy declared war on US

21. Pearl Harbor

22. US and Japanese Naval Power

23. Pacific War 1942 The Philippeans fell to the Japanese on May 6,1942 Bataan Death March April 18 Doolittle Raid May 2-7 Battle of the Coral Sea June 4-6 Battle of Midway Aug. 7- Feb. 7, 1943 Battle of Guadalcanal

24. 1942 Pacific

25. Pacific Losses 1942 Battle of the Coral Sea May 7-8 US: 1carrier, 66 aircraft, 543 men killed Japan: 1 carrier, 77 aircraft, 1074 men killed Battle of Midway June 4-7 US: 1 carrier, 147 aircraft, 307 men Japan: 4 carriers, 1 cruiser, 272 aircraft, 3500 men Gaudalcanal August 7-February 9, 1943 US: 1600 killed, 4200 wounded Japan: 23,000 killed, 1000 prisoners

26. Battle for Africa 1924-1943 Afrika Korps under Erwin Rommel Aug. 13 Bernard Montgomery Oct. 23- Nov. 5, 1942 Nov. 8, 1942 OPN TORCH May 7, 1943 Germans defeated in Africa

27. Russia 1942-1943 Spring 1942 German Sixth Army began a drive to Stalingrad Aug. 19 First attacks on Stalingrad Fierce house to house fighting Nov. 19 Russian counteroffensive encircles German Sixth Army Hitler orders Sixth Army to hold its ground Dec. 23 relief attempt ends in failure Feb. 3, 1943 Von Paulus surrendered Germans resurgent July 5-23, 1943 Battle of Kursk

28. Russian Front 1942-1943

29. Eastern Front Losses Sept-July 1943 Battle of Stalingrad Sept.-Jan. 1943 Germans 207,000 killed or wounded, 93,000 taken prisoner Soviets 480,000 killed and missing Battle of Kursk July 5-13, 1943 Germans 50,000 killed 323 tanks destroyed Soviets 177,880 killed 1614 tanks destroyed

30. Italy 1943-1944 July 9- Aug. 7, 1943 OPN HUSKY Sept. 3, 1943 Italy surrendered Winter 1943- May 11, 1944 Battles for Monte Cassino Jan. 22, 1944 Anzio June 4, 1944 Rome captured

31. Air Warfare 1943-1945 Europe

32. Tanks of World War II 1944 Western Front

33. Battle for France 1944 June 6 D-Day July 3 OPN Cobra July 20 Bomb Plot Aug. 19-25 Battle for Paris Sept. 17-25 OPN MARKET-GARDEN Dec. 16-Jan. 25, 1945 Battle of the Bulge

34. 1944

35. 1944 Pacific June 15 Saipan June 19-20 Battle of the Philippean Sea “Great Marianas Turkey Shoot” July-Sept. Guam and Peleliu fell to US Oct. 23-26 Battle of Leyte Gulf

36. 1945 Europe Jan-April Russians push into eastern Europe Feb. 4-11 Yalta Conference March-April US and British forces cross the Rhine into Germany April 22 Russians reach Berlin April 25 US and Russian troops meet at Torgau April 30 Hitler committed suicide May 2 Berlin surrendered as did Germans in Italy May 7-8 VE Day

37. 1945 Europe

38. Europe 1944-1945 Battle for France June 6-August 25 Allied: 43,000 killed, 172,000 wounded Germans: 509,000 killed, wounded and captured OPN Bagration June 22-August 29,1944 Germans: 350,000 killed wounded and captured Soviets: 178,000 killed, 587,000 wounded Battle of the Bulge Dec. 16-Jan. 16, 1945 US: 81,000 killed wounded or captured Germans 100,000 killed wounded or captured Battle of Berlin April16-May 2, 1945 Germans: 500,000 killed wounded or captured Soviets: 81,000 killed, 272,000 wounded

39. 1945 Pacific Jan. 9 US troops land in the Philippeans Feb. 19-Mar. 26 Battle of Iwo Jima April 1-June 23 Battle of Okinawa Aug. 6 Hiroshima Aug. 9 Nagasaki Sept. 2 VJ Day

40. 1945 Pacific

41. Pacific 1945 Iwo Jima Feb. 19-March 26 US: 6,821 killed 19,217 wounded Japan: 20,867 killed, 1,083 captured Okinawa April 1-June 30 US: 12,000 killed, 36,000 wounded Japan 107,539 killed, 23,764 sealed in caves or buried, 10,755 captured

42. Nazi War Crimes The Holocaust 1935 Nuremburg Laws Nov. 9, 1938 Kristallnacht 1940-1945 Ghettos and mass deportations to eastern Europe 1941-1943 Einsatzgruppen Jan 20, 1942 Wannsee Conference 1942-1945 Concentration Camps Auschwitz, Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka, Dachau, Bergen-Belsen Nov. 14, 1945-Oct. 1, 1946 Nuremburg Trials

43. Nazi Atrocities

44. Holocaust

45. Aftermath of World War II Allies 14,000,000 military deaths 36,000,000 civilian deaths 6,000,000 Jews murdered by Nazis Axis 8,000,000 military deaths 4,000,000 civilian deaths 72,000,000 total deaths for all of World War II