1. Systems Approaches Instructional Design Models Brent Schubert April Scott

2. What is systems approaches?  Systems approaches are a step by step instruction based on learning theory  Founders were Robert Gagne and Leslie Briggs  Learning system developed from military and industrial training  Develop curriculum and instruction for schools

3. Other key figures  Robert Mager  Glaser  Cronback and Seriven  David Merrill  Charles Reigeluth

4. How system approaches are used  Highly structured sequence of instruction  Computer tutorials and self-paced distance learning courses  System approach is ideal for computer learning and distance learning

5. 5 categories of learning through system approaches  Verbal Information  Intellectual skills  Cognitive strategies  Attitudes  Motor skills

6. Outcomes  Provide learners with improved capabilities which is desired  The external conditions of learning which cause the learning are different for different types of learning outcomes

7. Events of instruction  Gain attention  Informing the learner of objective  Stimulating recall of prior learning  Presenting the stimulus  Providing learner guidance  Eliciting performance  Giving feedback  Assessing the performance  Enhancing retention and transfer

8. 8 different classes of system approaches  Signal learning  Stimulus  Chaining  Verbal association  Discrimination learning  Concept learning  Rule learning  Problem solving

9. Sources  www.my-ecoach.com www.my-ecoach.com  www.keele.ac.uk/dept/aa/landt/it/docs/ati d.htm www.keele.ac.uk/dept/aa/landt/it/docs/ati d.htm  www.nwlink.com/~donclark.hrd.history.g agne www.nwlink.com/~donclark.hrd.history.g agne  Integrating Educational Technology Into Teaching. Roblyer. Fourth Edition. Pearson Prentice Hall. 2006