1. “The Gateway”

2. * Northern/Western Germany * Northern/Western Europe * Ireland * Britain * Scandinavian countries * Jews * Italians * Poles * Hungarians * Czechs * Serbs * Slovaks * Greeks * Syria * Turkey * Armenian

4. * Political/Economic Oppression * Religious Persecution * Poverty * War * Drought * Famine * Due to the rapid settlement of the West, Many immigrants were drawn to America for the opportunity to own land.

5. * Many immigrants underwent various medical and legal inspections and were denied entry into the U.S. due to some of the following issues: * Known prostitution * Criminals * “Lunatics” * “Idiots” * Anarchists * Physical & Mental Disabilities * Children without parents or adult chaperones * Previous links to communist/fascist organizations

6. * Later, literacy tests were implemented into routine inspections for incoming immigrants. * If any person over the age of 16 was unable to read 30-40 test words in their native language, they were denied access. * Following that, the U.S. increased regulations due to the high volume of immigrants coming into America. * The annual intake of immigrants could not exceed 3% (or 65,000) of the total number of immigrants from that given country living in the U.S.

8. * In 2000: * The highest number of immigrants were from Mexico (4.3 million) * 1.4 million were from the Phillipines * 700,000 to 800,000 from each of the following countries: * Korea * Dominican Republic * India * Cuba * Vietnam

9. * In 2012: * Nearly 41 million immigrants live in America, which makes up 13% of the total U.S. population (313.9 million). * 60% of the immigrants living in the U.S. are divided as follows: * Mexican-born immigrants account for 28% * Immigrants from India make up the second largest group * Phillipines (about 5%) * El Salvador, Cuba, and Korea (3% each) * Dominican Republic and Guatemala (2% each)

10. * 51% of immigrants are female * 5years old or less – 1% * 5 to 17 years of age – 19% * 18 – 64 years of age – 60% * 65 and older – 13%

11. * Race of Immigrants Living in the U.S.: * 48% White * 46% of Hispanic or Latino origin * 25% Asian * 9% Black * 2% identified with more than one race * 16% other

12. * Languages Broken Down in the U.S. * 79% (232.1 million) – English only speakers * 62% Spanish * 5% Chinese * 3% Tagalog * 2% each – Vietnamese, French, Korean, German, and Arabic * 1% Russian