1. GLASS IONOMER CEMENT
Dr.linda maher

2. GICs
tooth colored fluoride releasing materials that bond to tooth structure without an additional bonding agent.

3. composition 1\POWDER Acid soluble calcium fluroalumino silicate glass.
Alumina %
Aluminum fluoride %
Calcium fluoride %
Sodium fluoride %
Aluminum phosphate %

4. 2\LIQUID
1.Polyacrylic acid.
2.Tartaric acid.
3.Water.

5. MIXING

6. The powder/liquid mixing ratios are identified by the manufacturer
There is difference in mixing ratio according to the use of cement (restorative cement is thicker)
After proportioning the liquid and powder , mixing is done with plastic instrument (the spatula) in paper pad

7. SETTING REACTION
ACID BASE REACTION occurs when mixing powder and liquid
The acid is neutralized by the base , and fluoride and other ions released

8. Hence these cements must be protected by application of varnish.
SETTING TIME:
6-8 minutes
After hardening, fresh cement is extremely prone to the cracking, due to drying of loosely bound water.
Hence these cements must be protected by application of varnish.

9. TYPES OF GIC 1\TRADITIONAL GIC TYPE 1 : luting (cementation ) agent
TYPE 2 : restorative material
TYPE3 : liners and bases for cavity preparation.
Materials in these three types are similar in chemical composition , but differ in:
1\size of powder particles
2\ratios of powder to liquid

10. Type I luting
Type II restorative
Type III
liners and bases

11. 2\METAL MODIFIED GIC
1\ miracle mix
2\ cermet cement
This is made by mixing of spherical silver amalgam alloy powder with glass ionomer powder.
3\HYBRID(RESIN MODIFIED)GIC
conventional GIC with addition of a resin monomer and photo initiator
It is light cured

12. SUPPLIED IN THREE FORMS
1\hand-mixed powder and liquid
2\encapsulated powder and liquid
3\two paste system

13. Properties of GICs 1\BIOCOMPATIBILITY:
biocompatible to pulp and surrounding tissue
2\BOND TO TOOTH STRUCTURE:
they make chemical bonding with tooth structure without intermediate bonding agent
Bonding to enamel is stronger than to dentine
3\SOLUBILITY
They are highly soluble in water during the first 24 hours of placement and must be covered with a protective varnish.

14. 4\COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH:
relatively low in strength(weaker than composites)
5\WEAR RESISTANCE:
Wear faster than composite resin
6\THERMAL CONDUCTION:
They are good thermal insulators

15. 7\FLUORIDE RELEASE:
GICs contains fluoride as one of their compositions
They release an initial high level of fluoride for the first few days ,then the level falls down.
They can absorb fluoride from in-office applications , fluoride rinses ,toothpastes and re-release it , thereby acting as a fluoride reservoir
This can help in prevention of dental caries

16. MANIPULATION 1.Preparation of tooth surface :
2.Proportioning & mixing :
3.Filling:
4. Finishing :
5.Protection of cement after setting

17. ADVANTAGES of GIC Inherent adhesion to the tooth surface.
Anti-cariogenic property.
Biocompatibility

18. DISADVANTAGES Low fracture resistance. Low wear resistance.
Water sensitive during setting phase .
Less esthetic compared to composite.

19. INDICATIONS
Anterior esthetic restoration material for class III & V restorations.
For luting
As an orthodontic bracket adhesive.
As restoration for deciduous teeth.
Used in Sandwich technique.

20. SANDWITCH TECHNIQUE Developed by Mclean.
To combine the beneficial properties of GIC and composite

21. After cavity preparation,
condition the cavity to develop good adhesion with GIC.
Place Type III GIC into prepared cavity.
After setting, etch the enamel & GIC with phosphoric acid for 15 seconds.
This will improve micromechanical bond to composite resin

22. Apply a thin layer of low viscosity enamel bonding agent & finally place the composite resin over GIC & light cure it

23. ADVANTAGES OF SANDWITCH TECH.
Favorable pulpal response of GIC
Better strength, finishing, esthetics of overlying composite resin.

24. Thank you .