1. School Health Databases: Where are we today? Presented by Donna A. Murnaghan Team Leader Comprehensive School Health Research Team

2. Why are databases of interest to the Comprehensive School Health Research Team? Current surveillance systems – Inconsistent methods and irregular survey intervals Difficulties – Monitoring exactly how the behaviour is changing – Estimating the impact of policy changes – Impact of data collection on schools and students – Data gaps

3. Environmental Diagnostics What are the tools schools need to conduct high quality research? Examples – Surveys – Guidelines/protocols (e.g. Best Practice Model Guide) – Media messages (e.g. TV, telephone) – Curriculum – Posters – Other examples?

4. Health Behaviours in School-Aged Children (HBSC)  Health Related Behaviour Questionnaire (HRBQ)  Global School-Based Health Survey  National Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS)  Canadian Tobacco Use Monitoring Survey (CTUMS)  National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY)  School Smoking Profile (SSP)  Youth Smoking Survey (YSS)  School Health Index  School Health Policies and Programs Study (SHPPS)  Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS)  CanadaUnited States International Legend  = conducted in schools  = public access to data  = studies all Atlantic provinces participated in

5. Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS)  Canadian Tobacco Use Monitoring Survey (CTUMS)  National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY)  School Smoking Profile (SSP)  Youth Smoking Survey (YSS)  Student Drug Survey  BC: Adolescent Health Survey (AHS)  ON: Heart Health Resource Centre (HHRC)  ON: School Health Action, Planning and Evaluation System (SHAPES)  ON: School Health Assessment Survey  Canada Regional Provincial Legend  = conducted in schools  = public access to data  = studies all Atlantic provinces participated in

6. International Surveys/Databases Global School-Based Health Survey Health Behaviours in School-Aged Children (HBSC) Health Related Behaviour Questionnaire (HRBQ)

7. Survey/ Database Organization Database Information Participant Level Behaviours Global School- Based Health Survey World Health Organization and the CDC -Surveillance project to help countries measure & assess behavioural risk factors & protective factors in key areas -22 participating countries (Canada not included as yet) Youth (13- 15 years) -Alcohol & drug use -Tobacco use - Nutrition -Hygiene - Mental health -Physical activity -Sexual health -Violence International Surveys/Databases

8. Survey/ Database Organization Database Information Participant Level Behaviours Health Behaviours in School- Aged Children (HBSC) Health Canada and the Public Health Agency of Canada – Division of Childhood & Adolescence - administered in 36 countries -Allows for trend comparisons of various adolescent health behaviours & influences on their health - Year span: 4 years (2001 last) Grades 6- 10 -SES -Tobacco, alcohol, & cannabis use -Physical activity -Sedentary behaviour -Eating habits -Body image -Body weight -Oral health - Sexual health -Bullying International Surveys/Databases

9. Survey/ Database Organization Database Information Participant Level Behaviours Health Related Behaviour Questionnaire (HRBQ) School Health Education Unit (SHEU) -Over 5,000 health-related behaviour surveys -HRBQ is the main survey administered - HRBQ data stored in SHEU databank Young people (primary & secondary schools) -Health -Social development -Nutrition -Drugs -Hygiene -Relationships -Mental health -Leisure & money -Exercise International Surveys/Databases

10. National Surveys/Databases – United States School Health Index (SHI) School Health Policies and Programs Study (SHPPS) Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS)

11. Survey/ Database Organization Database Information Participant Level Behaviours School Health Index (SHI) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - It is a self- assessment and planning guide for schools - Can be used by schools, teachers, parents, students, & community - Can be administered online n/a (school level index) -Health education -Physical education -Health services -Mental health -Food service -School policy & environment -Faculty & staff health promotion -Family & community involvement National Surveys/Databases – United States

12. Survey/ Database Organization Database Information Participant Level Behaviours School Health Policies and Programs Study (SHPPS) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - Program designed to assess the state of student health & identify aspects of school environment that influence school health - Assessment at the state, district, school, & classroom level - Conducted in 1994, 2000 & will be again in 2006 - Different surveys for elementary, junior, & senior high schools -Health education -Physical education -Health services -Mental health -Food service -School policy & environment -Faculty & staff health promotion -Family & community involvement National Surveys/Databases – United States

13. Survey/ Database Organization Database Information Participan t Level Behaviours Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - Goal: to monitor priority health risk behaviours to achieving the Healthy People 2010 objectives - National, state, & local based surveys - Conducted every 2 years - Some states coordinate YRBSS with other surveys to reduce burden on schools & students Grades 9- 12 - Tobacco use - Alcohol & drug use - Nutrition - Physical activity - Sexual health - Unintentional injuries - violence National Surveys/Databases – United States

14. National Surveys/Databases – Canada Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) Canadian Tobacco Use Monitoring Survey (CTUMS) National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY) School Smoking Profile (SSP) Youth Smoking Survey (YSS)

15. National Surveys/Databases – Canada Survey/ Database Organization Database Information Participant Level Behaviours Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) Statistics Canada - All provinces & territories participate - Household survey - Conducted to provide regular estimates of health determinants, health status, & health system use for 136 regions - Last conducted in 2003 People 12+ years (separated into age ranges: one range from 12-19 years old) - Mental health - Nutrition - Social support - Substance use

16. National Surveys/Databases – Canada Survey/ Database Organization Database Information Participant Level Behaviours Canadian Tobacco Use Monitoring Survey (CTUMS) Health Canada and Statistics Canada - Goal: to provide consistent & reliable data on smoking prevalence & tobacco issues - Data collected by telephone interviews - Conducted annually: measure changes from year to year Youth (ages 15-24 years) - Tobacco

17. National Surveys/Databases – Canada Survey/ Database Organization Database Information Participant Level Behaviours National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY) Statistics Canada - National partnership with all sectors of government - Programs based on information need - Follows development from birth to early adulthood - Began in 1994: census every 5 years Longitudinal & cross- sectional samples (0- 11, 8-19; participants are in the study until they are 25 years old) - Factors that influence a child’s social, emotional, & behavioural development - Health - Physical development - Learning & behaviour - Social environment

18. National Surveys/Databases – Canada Survey/ Database Organization Database Information Participant Level Behaviours School Smoking Profile (SSP) Population Health Research Group, University of Waterloo - The smoking module for SHAPES - Survey in 189 schools & over 80,000 students since 2000 - Schools & communities can use it for program evaluation Secondary school students - Smoking

19. National Surveys/Databases – Canada Survey/ Database Organization Database Information Participant Level Behaviours Youth Smoking Survey (YSS) Health Canada - YSS first administered in 1994 & conducted every 2 years (last in 2004-05) - Used to track changes in the attitudes & behaviour of Canadian children with respect to tobacco - Includes adolescent tobacco behaviour, school policies, & social influences Students in grades 5-9 - Smoking

20. Regional Surveys/Databases Student Drug Use Survey

21. Regional Surveys/Databases Survey/ Database Organization Database Information Participant Level Behaviours Student Drug Use Survey - PEI Dept. of Health & Social Services - NS Dept. of Health & Dalhousie - NB Dept. of Health & Wellness - NL Dept. of Health & Community Services - Each province performs its own survey, adhering to a standard protocol developed collaboratively in 1994 - Conducted in 1996, 1998, 2002, & 2003 Grades 7, 9, 10, and 12 students - Substance use including: cigarette, alcohol, & cannabis use - Problem gambling - Other risky behaviours

22. Provincial Surveys/Databases Adolescent Health Survey (AHS) Heart Health Resource Centre (HHRC) School Health Action, Planning and Evaluation System (SHAPES) School Health Assessment Survey

23. Provincial Surveys/Databases – British Columbia Survey/ Database Organization Database Information Participant Level Behaviours Adolescent Health Survey (AHS) McCreary Centre Society - Conducted in 1992, 1998, 2003 - Conducted in ~1,500 classrooms in 16 administration regions - Collaboration with public health system & school districts - Key findings available to public Grades 7- 12 - Physical health - Emotional health - Risk behaviours - Other health concerns

24. Provincial Surveys/Databases - Ontario Survey/ Database Organization Database Information Participant Level Behaviours Heart Health Resource Centre (HHRC) Ontario Public Health Association - Programs & resources database - Mandate to implement comprehensive, multi-risk factor, community-based heart health programs - Linkage with other organizations Community based – all ages - Heart health

25. Provincial Surveys/Databases - Ontario Survey/ Database Organization Database Information Participant Level Behaviours School Health Action, Planning and Evaluation System (SHAPES) Population Health Research Group, University of Waterloo - Machine readable questionnaire producing feedback report for schools - Many modules included to produce local data collection system - Generate evidence-driven interventions for youth - Schools & health units can use this tool Secondary school students - Physical activity - Smoking - Healthy eating (module being developed)

26. Provincial Surveys/Databases - Ontario Survey/ Database Organization Database Information Participant Level Behaviours School Health Assessment Survey Peel Health (Local Public Health unit) - This survey assists teachers, administrators, parents, nurses, & other health professionals to develop programs Grades 7- 12 students Grades 7 & 8: - Eating habits - Physical activity - Tobacco, drugs, alcohol - Mental health & self-esteem - Relationships - Oral health - Sun safety - Safety & bullying - Grades 9-12: also includes sexual health

27. Workshop Objective Beginning a dialogue for school health research infrastructure – databases for school health