1. Remote Sensing 2012 SUMMER INSTITUTE

2. Presented by: Mark A. Van Hecke National Science Olympiad Earth-Space Science Event Chair Roy Highberg North Carolina Science Olympiad Remote Sensing National Event Supervisor

3. DISCLAIMER : This presentation was prepared using draft rules. There may be some changes in the final copy of the rules. The rules for this event that are in the current year’s Coaches Manual and Student manuals will be the official event rules.

4. Presentation Objectives:  Provide 2012 Summer Institute Participants with an overview of 2013 Remote Sensing Rules and proposed change to Geologic Mapping in 2014  Provide 2012 Summer Institute Participants with an overview of 2013 Remote Sensing Event Topic Areas and training strategies to use with students.

5. 2013 Event Overview The 2013 Remote Sensing event will continue its emphasis on Earth’s Hydrosphere The role of water in maintaining the radiative balance of Earth’s atmosphere Hydrologic cycles Local and global ecological effects of changes in atmospheric and oceanic temperatures

6. 2014 Event Overview In 2014, Geologic Mapping will be cycled into the Earth/Space Science Event Rotation to replace Remote Sensing

7. EVENT DESCRIPTION: Remote sensing technologies are used to record data and monitor changes in the atmosphere and oceans by acquiring radiometric measurements of: Atmospheric and ocean temperature Greenhouse gases Changes in land/sea/ice elevations Changes in land/sea vegetative cover

8. WHAT STUDENTS WILL DO: Students will be presented with one or more tasks requiring the use of science process skills to complete tasks related to the study of remote sensing and including: Using remote sensing imagery to describe local and global changes in atmospheric and ocean temperatures, hydrologic cycles and vegetative cover Describe interactions between electromagnetic energy and the atmosphere, oceans and earth Identify and describe significant Earth Observation Missions related to climate change and land use

9. Activity One: Data Interpretation In this activity, you will learn how to read a remote sensing image and understand its: General Features Hydrologic Features

10. Data Interpretation Data interpretation in remote sensing is the process of detection, identification, description and the assessment of features found in images.

11. Data Interpretation The basic elements of data interpretation include: Location Scale Shape Pattern Tone Texture Shadow Association

12. Data Interpretation: Location Knowing where a remote sensing image was acquired can provide us with clues about the relationship of an identified feature to other features shown on the image….. In the images that follow, check off those words on your worksheet that describe the location of this image….

13. Image 1

14. Image 2

15. Data Interpretation: Scale Scale represents the ratio of distance on a map or remote sensing image to actual ground distance…. In the images that follow, check off those words on your worksheet that provide the scale of this image….

16. Image 3

17. Image 4

18. Data Interpretation: Shape Shape is the outline of an object or image. Shape is used to distinguish objects. In the images that follow, check off those words on your worksheet that provide information about the shapes of this image….

19. Image 5

20. Image 6

21. Image 7

22. Image 8

23. Data Interpretation: Pattern Pattern is the spatial arrangement that objects and phenomena have in a remote sensing image. In the images that follow, check off those words on your worksheet that provide information about the patterns of this image….

24. Image 9

25. Image 10

26. Data Interpretation: Tone Tone refers to the brightness of an object. Tone may also be used to describe gradual change such as foliage or elevation. In the images that follow, check off those words on your worksheet that provide information about the tone of this image….

27. Image 11

28. Image 12

29. Data Interpretation: Texture Texture is used to refer to how the patterns and tones of a remote sensing image interact with one another. In the images that follow, check off those words on your worksheet that provide information about the tone of this image…. Texture is often expressed as adjectives such as flat, rough, blotchy, glossy, solid, etc.

30. Image 13

31. Image 14

32. Image 15

33. Image 16

34. Data Interpretation: Shadow Shadows are produced by the angle of the Sun and the angle of the equipment used to record the image at the time it is taken. Shadows can be used to determine the height of objects in remote sensing images In the images that follow, check off those words on your worksheet that provide information related to shadows in this image….

35. Image 17

36. Image 18

37. Data Interpretation: Association Association describes the relationship between a recognizable object and unrecognizable objects. In the images that follow, check off those words on your worksheet that provide information about associations between objects in this image….

38. Image 19

39. Image 20

40. Image 21

41. 2013 Key Event Topic Areas:  2013 Key Event Topics for Remote Sensing include: Light and the Electromagnetic Spectrum Map and Image Reading Skills The Hydrosphere Remote Sensing Technologies

43. Activity Two: Recall that light energy, like other forms of energy travels in waves. The ‘color’ of light is determined by the wavelength of the light… Reading EMS Wavelengths In Remote Sensing Images

44. Recall that light energy, like other forms of energy travels in waves. The ‘color’ of light is determined by the wavelength of the light…

51. Push Broom Scanners In a push broom sensor, a line of sensors arranged perpendicular to the flight direction of the spacecraft is used. Different areas of the surface are imaged as the spacecraft flies forward.

52. Whisk Broom Scanners In a whisk broom sensor, a mirror scans across the satellite’s path (ground track), reflecting light into a single detector which collects data one pixel at a time.

53. Activity Two: Now, let’s try a few practice questions on our own using the Snake River Cropland Image and questions… Reading EMS Wavelengths In Remote Sensing Images

54. B A Sediment from Connecticut River_ 9-09-2011 Snake River Cropland_ 8-09-2006

55. Activity Two: The answer to Question 1 is…. Reading EMS Wavelengths In Remote Sensing Images Band 6 Thermal Infrared

57. Activity Two: The answer to Question 2 is…. Reading EMS Wavelengths In Remote Sensing Images Band 2 (Green) Band 4 (Near Infrared)

59. Activity Two: The answer to Question 3 is…. Reading EMS Wavelengths In Remote Sensing Images Blue= Band 2 (Green) Green= Band 3 (Red) Red= Band 4 (Near Infrared)

61. Activity Two: Now, let’s try a set on our own. You will need the Dead Sea Questions Image to complete the next set of questions… Reading EMS Wavelengths In Remote Sensing Images

62. Landsat 4 TM Landsat 1 MSS Landsat 7 ETM+ DEAD SEA changes; 1972 to 2011 A B

63. Activity Two: The answer to Question 1 is…. Reading EMS Wavelengths In Remote Sensing Images Natural

64. Landsat 4 TM Landsat 1 MSS Landsat 7 ETM+ DEAD SEA changes; 1972 to 2011 A B

65. Activity Two: The answer to Question 2 is…. Reading EMS Wavelengths In Remote Sensing Images C. Decreased from 1972-1989 and kept decreasing from 1989-2011

66. Landsat 4 TM Landsat 1 MSS Landsat 7 ETM+ DEAD SEA changes; 1972 to 2011 A B

67. Activity Two: The answer to Question 3 is…. Reading EMS Wavelengths In Remote Sensing Images A. Less inflow than water loss due to infiltration and evaporation

68. Landsat 4 TM Landsat 1 MSS Landsat 7 ETM+ DEAD SEA changes; 1972 to 2011 A B

69. Activity Two: The answer to Question 4 is…. Reading EMS Wavelengths In Remote Sensing Images C. Salt and mineral production

70. Landsat 4 TM Landsat 1 MSS Landsat 7 ETM+ DEAD SEA changes; 1972 to 2011 A B

71. Activity Two: The answer to Question 5 is…. Reading EMS Wavelengths In Remote Sensing Images D. Thermal Infrared Band 6

73. Summary:  Provide 2012 Summer Institute Participants with an overview of 2013 Remote Sensing Rules and proposed change to Geologic Mapping in 2014  Provide 2012 Summer Institute Participants with an overview of 2013 Remote Sensing Event Topic Areas and training strategies to use with students.