1. Foundations of Civilization First Civilizations Egypt Mesopotamia

2. Guiding Questions  What was the relationship between people and their environment?  What were the push/pull factors for migration?  How does migration affect other civilizations/cultures  What is trade?  How does an economy function?

3. Complete Daily Lesson Planner located at end of presentation

4. What I Know about First Civilizations What I Learned about First Civilizations What I Want to Learn about First Civilizations K-W-L Early Civilizations

5. Foundations of Civilization  Scientist believe that humans first appeared over two million years ago.  It is also suggested that the first humans were wandering Hunters and Gatherers. TTYN: What were Hunters and Gatherers?.

6. Foundations of Civilization Hunters and Gatherers –  During the Stone Age, Hunters and Gatherers, also known as Nomads, were people who moved from place to place, hunting and gathering their food.  They made simple tools and weapons from stone, bone, and wood. They developed their own language, which allowed them to communicate during a hunt.

7. Foundations of Civilization Spiritual Beliefs – Towards the end of the Old Stone Age, Nomads began to bury their dead, which suggests that they believed in an afterlife. Where it all began – Evidence suggests that the earliest people lived in E. Africa. Eventually, their descendants spread to all parts of the world. There some evidence that suggests Nomads migrated over a land bridge into N. America.

8. Foundations of Civilization TTYN: Describe Migration Migration led to Cultural Diffusion, or the exchange of ideas, customs, and goods among cultures. TTYN: From your prior knowledge, describe -  How Cultural Diffusion has had an impact on American Culture.  How Cultural Diffusion has had an impact on your life

9. Foundations of Civilization TTYN: Describe the term Revolution The Neolithic Revolution (In with the New and out with the Old)  Due to environmental changes and changes to weather patterns, the Old Stone Age came to a close.  Warmer weather promoted vegetation where, previously, sheets of ice had dominated the landscape.  Around 10,000 B.C., civilizations made several important discoveries – they learned how to plant seeds and domesticate animals.

10. Foundations of Civilization TTYN: Describe the term Revolution The Neolithic Revolution (In with the New and out with the Old)  Too tired to wander - The need to wander was over  People could live in permanent settlements  The end of the Old Stone Age and the beginning of the New Stone Age, or Neolithic Period. FYI – Many historians refer to the Neolithic Revolution as the Agricultural Revolution because farming and domestic animals changed the way people lived.

11. Foundations of Civilization TTYN: Try to Identify at least three different ways that life may have changed during the Neolithic Revolution - 1.Permanent Settlements 2. New Social Classes – Not everything was “peaches and cream.” When resources were scarce, groups went to war and Chiefs or headsmen emerged. As a result, men gained prestige and obtained great power and influence.

12. Foundations of Civilization TTYN : Try to Identify at least three different ways that life may have changed during the Neolithic Revolution - 3. New Technology – The wheel Metal weapons Metal tools Plows Calendar There’s no place like home Where did most civilizations develop? First civilizations began to develop along river valleys. The rich fertile lands helped new civilizations thrive.