1. T YPES OF S OURCES

2. W HAT ARE S CHOLARLY S OURCES ? http://vimeo.com/27119325

3. S CHOLARLY S OURCES Sources written by experts in a field  Can be a book or an article

4. P EER - REVIEWED SOURCE An article that has been reviewed by several experts in the field who all agree that the information is valid and legitimate.

5. S UBSTANTIVE S OURCES Written for an educated, but not necessarily expert, audience. They seldom claim to present new knowledge; instead, they make knowledge available to non-experts. They often cite scholarly sources, but generally do not include a bibliography. Authors need not be scholars in the field; however, they engage in significant research and support their claims with reasons/subclaims and evidence Examples: Time Magazine, Harpers, The Atlantic, Psychology Today, Scientific America, a U.S. Government Report and many, many more!

6. S UBSTANTIVE SOURCES Not every article in these magazines is substantive. Usually just the feature/cover article. For a list of substantive sources, click the link & scroll down to magazines http://www.aldaily.com/

7. W HAT ARE P RIMARY S OURCES ? Primary Source Document or physical object which was written or created during the time under study. These sources were present during an experience or time period and offer an inside view of a particular event The term “Primary Source” means different things in different disciplines. In English or Art or History: Diaries, speeches, novels, poems, manuscripts, letters, interviews, news film footage, autobiographies, official records, a piece of art, a song, map, speech, etc. In Social and Hard Sciences: Published study that records the results of an experiment

8. W HAT ARE S ECONDARY S OURCES ? Secondary Sources define and analyze primary sources. In English or Art or History : A peer-reviewed article, analysis of a short story, review of a movie, interpretative article about a piece of art In Social Sciences and Hard Sciences : A magazine article about cancer, a psychology textbook, a book for kids about tribes in Africa.

9. W HAT ARE T ERTIARY SOURCES ? !!! You can NOT use any tertiary sources in unit 2 !!! Tertiary sources A source that collects and distills information from primary and secondary sources Often present a summary of information Often condense info from primary & secondary sources Examples : Newspapers Encyclopedias Most Open (Free) Websites: like a business’s website or info from the website for a non-profit organization, personal websites, blogs, etc.

10. E XCEPTIONS REGARDING WEBSITES The term “website” is highly problematic! There are a few types of “websites” that are credible and house scholarly work that you CAN use in unit 2. Peer-Reviewed Open-Access Journals: Journals that provide free access to ALL users via the internet Journal of Art Historiography VCU Library Databases (library databases are NOT free and open)

11. P OP Q UIZ ! 1. You are writing a report about the Holocaust and you are looking at letters written by a women while in a concentration camp. What kind of source is this? Primary, Secondary, Scholarly, Substantive, Peer-Reviewed, Tertiary

12. P OP Q UIZ ! 2. You are writing a paper about depictions of women in Disney Movies. You watch Snow White and the Seven Dwarves. What kind of source is the movie? Primary, Secondary, Scholarly, Substantive, Peer-Reviewed, Tertiary

13. P OP Q UIZ ! 3. You are studying the way that Fox News discusses the death penalty. You watch Fox News reports on TV to see for yourself. What kind of source is this? Primary, Secondary, Scholarly, Substantive, Peer-Reviewed, Tertiary

14. 4. You are writing a paper about crime in Richmond, VA. You see a show on CNN discussing this exact topic, and there are some great statistics you want to cite. What kind of source is this? Primary, Secondary, Scholarly, Substantive, Peer-Reviewed, Tertiary

15. P OP Q UIZ ! 5. You are studying the way police are depicted in Law and Order. You find a great article about this exact topic in The New York Times. What kind of source is this? Primary, Scholarly, Substantive, Peer Reviewed, Tertiary

16. P OP Q UIZ ! 6. You are studying the way police are depicted in Law and Order. You find a great article written by an expert about this exact topic in The Journal of Crime Television. What kind of source is this? Primary, Scholarly, Substantive, Peer Reviewed, Tertiary

17. 7. You are studying the way police are depicted in Law and Order. You find an 8-page feature article written by a professional, well- known journalist about this exact topic in Time Magazine. What kind of source is this? Primary, Scholarly, Substantive, Peer Reviewed, Tertiary

18. L AST Q UESTION ! 8. You are studying the way police are depicted in Law and Order. You find a great 8-page feature article written by a professional, well-known journalist about this exact topic in the online version of Time Magazine. Primary, Scholarly, Substantive, Peer Reviewed, Tertiary

19. T HINKING ABOUT S UMMARY IN YOUR SA S http://vimeo.com/27119582

20. M OST C OMMON M ISTAKES IN SA S Citations— indent all lines AFTER first In-text citations for the quote section Placement of period APA “for the rest of her life” (Smith, 2009, p. 19). Smith (2009) said, “…for the rest of her life” (p. 19). MLA “for the rest of her life” (Smith 19). Smith said, “…for the rest of her life” (19).