1. Chapter 4 Flashcards

2. Allocution

3. to speak out formally

4. asset forfeiture

5. an economic sanction frequently used under the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) statutes

6. bail

7. money or property pledged to or held by the court to ensure that an arrested and charged individual will appear for trial

8. caseload

9. number of clients assigned to a given supervision officer

10. community service

11. the offender provides a service to the community as required by the court

12. diversion

13. the process of removing individuals from the formal system of prosecution and adjudication and placing them in a less-formal treatment system

14. extrainstitutional punishment

15. criminal sanctions administered outside a secure correctional facility

16. Habeas Corpus Act of 1679

17. an act of the English parliament allowing the magistrate discretion to release a prisoner on their own recognizance

18. halfway house

19. community-based supervised residential program generally used as a bridge between prison and freedom

20. intensive supervision programs (ISPs)

21. the monitoring of releasees closely with curfews, multiple weekly contacts with case managers, strict enforcement of conditions, unscheduled drug testing, and community service

22. intermediate sanctions

23. extrainstitutional punishments that include all types of correctional programming between traditional probation and prison

24. judicial reprieve

25. the suspension of a penal sanction for a fixed time; common practice in medieval English courts

26. labeling

27. the process through which individuals adopt the characteristics of whatever it is they have been designated by those powerful enough to make the new status stick

28. mixed caseload

29. both misdemeanants and felons among the probationers supervised by a Probation Officer

30. needs principle

31. assess criminogenic needs and target them in treatment

32. net widening

33. occurs when a diversionary program designed to reduce the overall volume of contacts with and depth of penetration into the justice system does just the opposite

34. presentence investigation (PSI)

35. a detailed examination of a defendant’s life prepared by a probation officer, caseworker, or other court officer

36. probation

37. the conditional freedom granted an offender by a court

38. release on recognizance (ROR)

39. the accused posted a bond or surety deposit with the court

40. responsivity

41. measures the risk and need for offender assessment and rehabilitation

42. restitution

43. either alone or with probation; serves as an economic sanction

44. risk principle

45. assess criminogenic needs and target them in treatment

46. surveillance officers

47. typically sworn peace officers or other probation employees with limited arrest powers

48. technical violation

49. a violation of a condition of probation

50. workload

51. refers to the amount of time needed to complete various tasks associated with supervising clients