1. Orissa higher Education vision 2020 (http://orissa2020.org) Chitta Baral Professor Arizona State University

2. Goal set by MHRD: Take GER to 30% GER – Gross Enrollment Ratio – Percentage of people enrolled in higher education in the age group 18-23 GER of India – 12.4 GER of Orissa – 13.6 GER of world – 26 GER of US and Europe – 50-70% India’s target GER – 30% by 2020

10. GER of Educationally Backward districts (i.e., below national average) DistrictsGERST percentageSC+ST percentage Nabarangpur3.5 (1)55.27 (4)70.36 (2) Malkangiri3.9 (2)58.35 (1)78.34 (1) Nuapada6.7 (3)35.95 (10)49.04 (11) Rayagada6.7 (4)56.04 (3)70.32 (3) Baudh6.8 (5) 12.9332.56 (17) Gajapati7 (6)47.88 (8)56.65 (8) Koraput8.1 (7)50.67 (7)64.08 (6) Kandhamala8.2 (8)51.51 (5)69.72 (4) Kalahandi8.7 (9)28.88 (14)45.89 (14) Nayagarh9.6 (10)5.9619.74 (28) Deogarh9.7 (11)33.3(12)47.91 (13) Sonapur10.5 (12)9.531.61 (18) Baragarh10.9 (13)19.5638 (15) Anugul10.9 (14)11.6828.5 (22) Dhenkanal11.3 (15)3.4928.71 (21) Balangir11.4 (16)22.0637.45 (16) Ganjam11.5 (17)2.9320.84 (26) Keonjhar11.5 (18)44.52 (9)56.01 (9)

11. Government Colleges in Orissa

12. Private Colleges in Orissa

13. All Colleges in Orissa

14. Universities in Orissa

15. To achieve 30% GER by 2020: direct improvement needed at all levels Literacy of the population Kids going to primary school Kids going to secondary school Young adults going to college Young adults going to universities

16. To achieve 30% GER by 2020: other factors Greater urbanization Greater connectivity Greater Job availability

17. Getting kids to School in backward districts: a different approach Relax norms for 5-10 years for making private schools in these areas – E.g. Somebody could have a school in 1-2 rooms in his/her house. Decide on an amount to spend on a kid for education (say Rs50/month) – Vouchers of that amount given to parents to pay to the school where the kid is enrolled in Positives – More schools; more competition; better enrollment; more efforts on teaching Schools go after getting students so as to make more money Schools try to be better so as to get more students – Lots of jobs as school teachers, school makers, school officials, etc. Details – Literature on Vouchers – School Choice Movement http://schoolchoice.in/http://schoolchoice.in/ – Book: The Beautiful Tree by Professor James Tooley (now lives in Hyderabad) – Also a chapter in Narayana Murthy’s book “A Better India, a better world” Notes – The above can be done in conjunction with and/or can be integrated into the schemes such as Sarva Siksha Abhijan and Rashtriya Madhyamik Siksha Abhijan

18. Broadening the scope of model schools in blocks: Knowledge centers Each model school augmented with a knowledge center accessible to the general public after class hours and during weekend. It will contain: – A well stocked library – An Internet lab with high speed connection and tens of computers – Meeting rooms – A small auditorium (showing educational movies multiples times week) – HR Counseling and information dissemination center – Literacy center Center designed such that it is accessible from the school side and from outside the school. An MHRD joint secretary loves this idea and promises to help pilot this in Orissa and channel it through planning commission A double sized version of the above in towns with larger populations (say about 20K or above) – Examples: Kamkhianagar, Malkangiri, etc. Future: Broaden this to Panchayat level Now : Parallel Scheme for city localities, starting with localities near slums – Follow the example of Bakul Library in Satya Nagar, Bhubaneswar

19. Government vocational education in Orissa: current Vocational Junior Colleges – Current subjects in the 231 vocational junior colleges Agriculture: Diarying, Poultry farming, Horticulture, Seri culture, Inland Fisheries, Crop production Health & Parmedical: Medical & Laboratory Technician Engineering & Technology: Audio Visual Technician, Building mainetnance, Computer Technique, Repair & Maintenance of electrical domestic appliance, R & M of power driven farm machinary Business & Commerce: Accountancy & auditing, Insurance, Office management, tax assistant Home Science: Creche & pre-school management, Catering & restaurant management Other: Textile designing, tourism & travel technique – Eligible after Matric – Teachers are required to have stringent qualifications Specialized Institutes: Apparel Training and Design Center, Tool room, Construction academy (Gopalpur), Food craft institute, Gems & Jewelery, II Handloom Technology, Indian Institute of Welding, Plumbing Institute, Zee Institute of Creative Arts, NTTF Gopalpur and Kalinganagar, ITIs.

20. Augmenting the vocational education Issues – Learning many trades/skills do not need matric pass degrees – Teaching many trades/skills do not require degrees; requires skills – Possibly missing trades: Quality plumbing, masonary, auto repair, landscape design, HVAC/Refrigeration Proposal : Orissa Open and Skills University (supported by IGNOU and DEC; encouraged by an MHRD joint secretary) [OOSU] – Taking admission does not require matric pass – Teachers need not have degrees – Students go through certificates – Certificates can be added up to degrees – Start with 13 community colleges under the university; then one in each district – The University and the community colleges allowed to add certificates and degrees and open centers and branches with minimal hassle and with minimal lead time

21. The Open aspect of the OOSU School dropouts after taking some modules can become eligible to join a regular +2 program. Someone without a +2 after taking some certificates can become eligible to join a +3 program Etc.

22. Traditional Higher Education: Colleges and Universities Some issues to be tackled – Spreading higher education opportunities across the state – Lecturers feeling ownership of the colleges where they teach – Multiple Knowledge hubs (of varying degrees) in the state – Maintaining and improving existing universities and institutions

23. Existing Universities in Orissa

24. Spreading higher education across the states

25. Spreading higher education across the state: At least one university in each undivided district Cuttack Puri Balasore Ganjam Sambalpur Sundergarh Mayurbhanj Koraput Keonjhar - Central Orissa University, Keonjhar Dhenkanal – Central Orissa University, Angul Kalahandi – South Orissa University, Bhawanipatna Balangir – West Orissa University, Balangir Kandhamala – Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Kandhamala campus

26. Lecturers feeling ownership of the colleges where they teach No more affiliated government colleges by 2020 Universities with constituent colleges – New metropolitan universities Bhubaneswar-Cuttack Metropolitan Universities Rourkela University Khallikote University GM University – New regional universities Central Orissa University, Keonjhar Central Orissa University, Angul West Orissa University, Balangir South Orissa University, Bhawanipatna – Old regional universities with constituent colleges FM University North Orissa university, Baripada Rest are autonomous colleges clustered geographically. Lecture appointments are with respect to universities or autonomous colleges No transfers outside of universities or clusters

27. Knowledge Hubs and Knowledge Centers: global parameters Orissa’s population of 3.67 crores is the same as that of California’s. Orissa’s area of 155.82K sq km is close to the population of New York (141.3K sq km) and Connecticut (14.356K sq km) put together

28. Knowledge Hubs and Knowledge Centers: with an aim to be competitive globally Tier 1: An international level knowledge hub that can compete with the best knowledge hubs of the world such as the San Francisco-San Jose area or the Boston metropolitan area. Tier 2: 4 knowledge hubs comparable to current tier 2 cities in India. – At least two universities, at least one national level institution or university, multiple engineering colleges, at least one medical college and an independent research institute/center/lab Tier 3: Urban agglomerations aiming to have varied independent higher education infrastructure such as an autonomous college that imparts Masters degree, an engineering school, an engineering college, a university within 60 kms, and a medical college within 60 kms. Tier 4: Each district HQ or town with population greater than 20K with its own knowledge infrastructure: – A government college offering arts, science and commerce degrees. – At least one community college. – A Knowledge Center (library, Internet lab, meeting rooms, a small auditorium, HR Counseling and information dissemination center, Literacy center) Two knowledge corridors: Cuttack-Bhubaneswar-Berhampur; Rourkela- Jharsuguda-Sambalpur

29. Bhubaneswar-Puri area as a knowledge hub: soon to have 25 universities Existing Universities IIT Bhubaneswar (*MIT*) NISER Bhubaneswar (*Cal Tech*) Utkal University Orissa U of Agriculture and Tech. Ravenshaw University IIIT Bhubaneswar Utkal Univ. of Culture Sri Jagannath University National Law University KIIT deemed University SOA deemed University 56 additional four year engineering colleges, some with graduate programs Upcoming universities Vedanta University (*Stanford*) National University (*Berkeley*) AIIMS Bhubaneswar Sri Sri University ICFAI University Jagadguru Kripalu University Orissa Open University National Institute of Design (?) 6 deemed university applications in pipeline 30+ Colleges offering Bachelors in non engineering subjects (some offering graduate programs)

30. Bhubaneswar: Further steps to make it an international level knowledge hub Vedanta University is a game changer and would propel this area beyond any knowledge center in India and towards an international knowledge hub. The airport upgraded to an international airport. Larger research centers need to be pursued and established in this area. – Although this area has a few research centers already, most of them are small with at most 20 researchers. The current knowledge hubs of the country such as Pune, Hyderabad or Bangalore, or even smaller centers such as Indore and Alllahabad have large research centers with 100s of researchers. – Hence, steps need to be taken to get at least one large research center. For example, a branch of TIFR should be pursued. – In addition steps need to be taken so that Institute of Mathematics and Applications and the Institute of Material Sciences are taken over by the central government.

31. Tier 2 plans Rourkela area: NIT, BPUT, 2 private engg colleges – Needs/Aims: Medical college, General University, Research lab Berhampur area: BU, MKCG Medical College, PM engg College, 6 private engineering colleges – Needs/Aims: IIIT, Khallikote Univ, Research lab Sambalpur-Jharsuguda area: SU, VSSUT, Medical College, 2 private engg colleges (2 more in nearby Baragarh and 1 in Sunderarh) – Needs/Aims: Upgrade VSSUT to an IIEST, Research lab Koraput-Jepore-Sunabeda area: Central University of Orissa, two private engineering ceolleges – Needs/Aims: A medical college and central university as part of the central university, Research lab

32. Tier 3 urban areas Dhenkanal, Baripada, Balasore, Bhadrakh, Kalinganagar, Paradeep, Angul-Talcher, Bhawanipatna, Rayagada, Baragarh, Balangir, Sundergarh, Joda-Barbil, Keonjhar, Kendrapada-Pattamundai, Aska-Kabisuryanagar-Hinjlicutt, Dhamara-Chandbali, Parlakhemundi and Phulbani. All these agglomerations except Phulbani and Dhamara have a current population of more than 50K. Individual knoweldge plans for each of the above urban agglomerations – Varied independent higher education infrastructure such as an autonomous college that imparts Masters degree, an engineering school, an engineering college, a university within 60 kms, and a medical college within 60 kms.

33. Tire 4 urban areas Jaleswar, Remuna, Soro, Kantabanji, Titlagarh, Boudh, Deogarh, Bhuban, Buguda-Polasari, Bhanjanagar, Khallikote-Rambha, Jagatsinghpur, Malkangiri, Nabarangpur, Umerkote, Khandapada- Nayagarh, Nuapada-Khariar Rd and Sonepur. All these towns, except the district head quarter towns of Boudh, Nuapada-Khariar Rd and Sonepur, have a current population of at least 20 K. Plans: – A government college offering arts, science and commerce degrees. – At least one community college. – A Knowledge Center (library, Internet lab, meeting rooms, a small auditorium, HR Counseling and information dissemination center, Literacy center)

34. Resources for the plans Center State Private Organizations PPP

35. Pursuing the Central Government: some high priority items NID NIPER IIPH Pushing various public sector that take Orissa's minerals and/or pollute Orissa to contribute significantly to Orissa's HRD. Some of these public sectors are: SAIL, NTPC, NALCO, and CIL. Establishment of IIIT Berhampur. Expansion of NIT Rourkela to have a medical college. Adoption if VSSUT, Burla to an IIEST (Indian Institute of Engineering, Science and Technology) Establishment of a branch of Indira Gandhi National Tribal University InKandhamala A DOD Medical College in Balasore

36. Some state government priorities Develop and implement an improvement plan for the existing colleges and universities in Orissa. Create a one time fund (say 1000 crores) for this purpose. Push for and monitor all the central government related initiative mentioned Monitor the progress of Vedanta university Send feelers to other industrialists for HRD projects. Pursue an IIM Calcutta campus in Orissa.

37. Some plan related to private organizations Push Birlas to make progress on their BITS Pilani, Orissa campus plan. Pursuse ISB for a campus in Orissa. Push Mittal, POSCO, Jindal, Tatas for significant contribution to HRD. Facilitate the establishment of a Xavier University by the XIMB people. Help some of the top performing and/or unique private educational institutions, especially in the interior of Orissa, to become bigger, including making some of them universities. In particular, at this time following are some institutions which should be rewarded. – KISS (Kalinga Institute of Social Sciences) - for its initiatives to educate Adivasis. – GIET, Gunupur (for establishing a quality institution in an interior area where there is none) – JITM, Parlakhemundi (for establishing a quality institution in an interior area where there is none) – Silicon, Bhubaneswar (for its quality) – NIST, Berhampur (for its quality and to cater to Berhampur area)

38. PPP Collaborate with a trust to establish an PIO/NRI University. Establish several medical Colleges across the state in PPP mode. The state government should offer its larger district hospital and beds and partner with private organizations to establish many more medical colleges. Since not many students are able to afford the existing fully private medical colleges (KIMS, Hi-tech, SUM) the state government can reduce the cost of running and operating a medical college by offering its hospital, beds, its doctors and staff. The private party then has to spend much less. Monitor the establishment of the private medical colleges in Bhawanipatna, Balangir and Rourkela to which the government gave free land and some seed money. Help IIIT Bhubaneswar to become a top-notch IIIT and following Andhra Pradesh, after 5 years, establish branches of IIIT Bhubaneswar in other locations of the state. Encourage private contribution to the govt. engineering colleges.

39. Thank You! More details at http://orissa2020.org