1. JH-KEADLE
Digestive System

2. Organs of the Digestive System
mouth rectum
esophagus anus
stomach pancreas
small intestine gall bladder
large intestine liver

4. Functions of the Digestive System
Your cells need a lot of energy. They get energy from the food we eat.
But, your digestive system has to break down the food we eat into microscopic nutrients before our cells can use it.

5. Functions of the Digestive System
Digests food into molecules the body can use (physical or chemical change).
Absorbs nutrient molecules and carries them around the body (physical change).
Eliminates waste material from unused nutrients.

6. mechanical digestion
vocabulary
word!
mechanical digestion - food is physically broken down into smaller pieces by breaking, crushing and mashing.
increases the surface area of the food
begins in the mouth
teeth chewing/tearing
movement of smooth muscles

7. chemical digestion
vocabulary
word!
chemical digestion - chemicals (enzymes)produced by the body break foods into their smaller nutrients.
mouth
stomach

8. absorption
vocabulary
word!
absorption - process by which nutrient molecules pass through the wall of your digestive system into your blood.
The lining of the small intestine is covered in villi that aid in absorption

9. elimination
vocabulary
word!
elimination – removal of waste material left over after food is digested to prevent illness.

10. mouth Digestion begins in the mouth mechanical – teeth
chemical - saliva

11. salivary gland
vocabulary
word!
salivary gland – gland that produces enzymes that help to break down food chemically.

12. esophagus
vocabulary
word!
esophagus - muscular tube that connects your mouth to your stomach.
moves food down into your stomach
using involuntary muscle contractions (peristalsis).
Lined with mucus that allows food
to slide down.

13. stomach
vocabulary
word!
stomach – a muscular bag that crushed food and contains acids and enzymes for breaking down food.
Most mechanical digestion takes place in the stomach because it is made of thick smooth muscle.
Chemical digestions also takes place
Mucus keeps the acids from burning a hole in your stomach.

14. Stomach

15. small intestine
vocabulary
word!
small intestine – muscular tube where most of the chemical digestion takes place and most nutrients are absorbed.
Covered in villi which
enlarge the surface area

16. small intestine
The villi increase the surface area that can absorb nutrients.

17. liver
vocabulary
word!
liver – large organ that produces bile and breaks down medicines and other chemicals.
The gall bladder
stores bile

18. pancreas
vocabulary
word!
pancreas - secretes insulin to carry glucose around the body and makes enzymes that help digest food.
Causes diabetes when it does not make insulin.

19. large intestine
vocabulary
word!
large intestine – muscular tube where vitamins B and K are made and water is removed from food waste.
Food spends hours here

20. rectum and anus
rectum – end of the large intestine, forms the solid waste
elimination
anus – muscular opening at the end of the rectum

21. The digestive system interacts with:
muscular system (smooth
muscle) to move and digest food.
respiratory system to provide
oxygen.
circulatory system to move
nutrients.

22. Which cell parts are like the digestive system?
Which one makes energy?
mitochondria
Which one allows materials to pass in and out?
cell membrane
Which one helps get rid of waste?
lysosomes