1. Roots of the American People

2. Section 1: Earliest People

3. 1 st Americans Who were they? – Asians Where did they come from? How did they reach the Americas? 2 Theories – Land bridge Bering Strait bridge (Siberia—Alaska) – Coastal-Route

4. LANDBRIDGE

5. COASTAL ROUTE THEORY

6. Who were these people? Why did they come to the Americas? Hunters – Followed large animals (wooly mammoth) – Supplied all needs from animals What happened when the large animals began to die out? – Environment Adaptation Gatherers – Traveled across lands – Searched for wild plants/small animals

8. Neolithic Revolution Environment adaptation does not stop – Neolithic Revolution occurs Technique of farming is developed – How does that affect society?

9. Affect of Farming on Society FARMING STOP TRAVELLING GROW SURPLUS ESTABLISH COMMUNITIES CIVILIZATIONS DEVELOPED

10. 3 Early/Major Civilizations of Ancient America 1. Mayas – Where? Mexico and Central America – When? A.D. 250—A.D. 900 – What did the civilization look like? Pyramids, plazas, temples, ball courts, palaces – What advancements did they make? Arts, government, written language, astronomy – What happened to them? No one truly knows Cities abandoned

12. 3 Early/Major Civilizations of Ancient America 2. Aztecs – Where? Mexico Capital city Tenochtitlan (Mexico City) built on a lake – What did the civilization look like? Very religious—many temples built for Aztec Gods Human Sacrifice Conquered/controlled large parts of Mexico Obtained wealth from their conquered subjects

13. 3 Early/Major Civilizations of Ancient America 3. Incas – Where? South America—Andes Mountains Capital City Cuzco: linked to other cities by network of roads – What was the civilization like? Buildings made of immaculate carved stone Intelligent engineers Skilled in metalwork/weavings Vast amount of gold and silver

15. Section 2: Cultures of North America

16. Early peoples of North America Civilizations in North America – Mound Builders Where? – Lived in the vast region from Appalachian Mts. and Mississippi Valley – Multitude of different tribes Purpose of Mounds – Burial grounds or public buildings Who were these people? – Largest group: Mississippians

17. http://youtu.be/vTrVZr-DLHQ

18. Early peoples of North America Anasazi – Where? Southern Utah, Colorado, Northern Arizona, New Mexico – What was civilization like? Large cliff dwellings Made pottery, jewelry, baskets Heavy traders – What happened to them? Homes were eventually abandoned

19. Early peoples of North America Hohokam – Where? Arizona – When? Reigned from B.C. 300—A.D. 1450 – What was the civilization like? Skilled farmers, mastered irrigation Heavy traders

20. Living as a Native in North America Lived in areas called culture areas – Populations grew larger in farming areas Basic needs – Women were collectors – Men were hunters Tools – Developed from sticks, animal bones, rocks, and shells Beliefs – Focused on a relationship with nature – Established own creation stories

21. Culture Areas of North America Far North – 2 Regions: Arctic: – cold, ice covered ground all year – No cities – Hunted whale, seal, walruses in winter, caribou in summer Subarctic – Dense forests – Too cold for farming – Hunted to survive

22. Culture Areas of North America Northwest – Alaska down into northern California – Land filled with plentiful amount of food – Large cities developed despite no farming

23. Culture Areas of North America Far West: Consists of 3 regions – 1. California – 2. Great Basin – 3. Plateau Northern region – Harsh winters, forest and grassland Southern region – Desert like lifestyle California region – Warm summers, mild winters, abundant food Housing – Pit houses – Coned bark – Wooden plank

24. Culture Areas of North America Southwest – Arizona, New Mexico, southern Utah, and Colorado – Mostly dry: few rainy seasons – Farming took place with irrigation, some hunting/gathering – Pueblos were successful homes

25. Culture Areas of North America Great Plains – Large region located between Mississippi River and Rocky Mts. Eastern part – farmers, women were the planters – Earth homes Western part – No farming, treeless region – Tepees, pits – Hunted buffalo

26. Culture Areas of North America Eastern Woodlands – Northeastern part of North America – Full dense forests – 2 large groups Algonquian—Southern Canada, Great Lakes, Atlantic coast Iroquois—New York – Women were important, owned all property, chose leaders – Formed a Union to keep peace. LEAGUE OF IROQUOIS

27. Culture Areas of North America Southeast – Mild climate with hot summers – Idealistic for farming – Large native tribes Cherokee, Creek, Natchez – Mud plastered homes