1. Reliability-based Lubrication with Chevron Meropa
[Customer Name]
[Customer Company and location]
[Date] 1

2. Agenda
Who is Chevron Global Lubricants
Main Functions of Gears
How Do Gear Oils Work?
Basic Types of Gear Oils
Chevron Meropa Performance Attributes
Chevron Meropa Benefits
Reliability-based Lubrication with Chevron Meropa

3. Global Presence, Local Expertise
Our vision is to be the global energy company most admired for its people, partnership and performance:
No. 6 Global Fortune 500 in total sales
Over $22 billion spent annually bringing energy to market
Conduct business in more than 100 countries
Engaged in every aspect of the oil and natural gas industry 3 3

4. Expertise in the Industries We Serve
Chevron Global Lubricants has in-depth experience serving a broad range of industries:
Manufacturing
Mining/Quarrying
Power Generation
Oil & Gas
Agriculture
Construction 4

5. Chevron Global Lubricants
Knowledgeable people with experience helping customers make the right choices
Global network of lubrication specialists
Joint working relationships with leading OEMs
Only wholly-owned additive supplier – Oronite

6. Main Functions of Gears
Transmit Power
Increase or Decrease Speed
Increase or Decrease Torque
Change Axis/Direction of Motion
Synchronize Timing

7. Major Functions of Gear Oil
Metal
Oil Film
Provide oil film between moving surfaces
Protect against metal contact
Reduce wear
Reduce friction

8. How Do Gear Oils Protect Equipment?
Oil film can break down under the following conditions:
High load or extreme pressure (EP)
High temperature
Low viscosity to start
Gear Lube Contains EP and Antiwear Additives That Form a Protective Film on Metal Surfaces
Load
Metal
Motion
Oil
Additive Film
Metal

9. How Does Sulfur Work? The Sulfur Film: Formed by additive breakdown
Chemically attached to metal

10. Gear Oil Performance Levels
R&O (Non-EP, Light Duty)
AGMA 9005 R&O, API GL-1
Industrial EP (Medium Duty)
AGMA 9005 EP, US Steel 224

11. Gear Oil Additives
All oils contain rust and corrosion inhibitors, antioxidants, foam inhibitors, and pour point depressants
Industrial EP gear oils contain a moderate dose of antiwear and antiscuff (EP) additives - may contain demulsifiers

12. Factors to Consider When Selecting a Gear Oil
OEM recommendation
Type of gears
Type of service (steady versus shock)
EP performance level needed
Viscosity grade
Other issues:
Drain interval
Cost versus Benefit
Supplier relationship

13. How to Select the Right Viscosity Grade
OEM or Oil Supplier Recommendation
AGMA 9005-E02, Annex B Guidelines
Errichello Guideline
v40 = 7000/(V)0.5
v40 = cSt at 40°C; V = Pitch Line Velocity, Feet/Minute
V = *d*n, Where d = Pinion Pitch Diameter, Inches and n = Pinion Speed, rpm
Detailed engineering calculation

14. Which Gear Oil Should I Use?
R&O Oils for mild loads, non-shock service. Good for systems with copper alloys and high temperatures.
Industrial EP Gear Oils for nearly all enclosed, stationary gearboxes containing spur, helical and spiral bevel gears. Good for high loads and shock service.
Chevron Meropa can be used if Operating Temperature Below About 200ºF
Chevron Meropa

15. Meropa Meets the Requirements of Today’s Equipment
Typical applications include:
Industrial-enclosed gear systems, chain drives, sprockets, plain & antifriction bearings, slide guides, flexible couplings, and wherever an AGMA EP lubricant is specified
Enclosed gear drives & speed reducers, in metal rolling mills, cement mills, and mine hoists
Bath, splash and circulation applications. Mist-Oil applications used in a wide variety of fields, such as: steel, aluminum, chemical, machine tooling and material handling
Self-explanatory.
Used in industrial gear systems in mixers, pressers, pulpers, agitators.
EP Gear oils are widely used in steel mills, in all heavy-duty service where heavy loads may cause film breakdown.
Their additional demulsibility properties are significant in mill areas where water can be present.
These oils are also used in circulating systems that also lubricate bearings, especially with rolling element bearings to prevent scuffing and wear.

16. Meropa Meets Major OEM Global Specifications
Chevron Meropa Gear Lubricants have been formulated to meet service requirements and specifications of:
US Steel 224 Specification (ISO 220 grades and higher)
AGMA EP 9005-E02 Specification
MAG Cincinnati, Cincinnati Machine (Milacron) P35, P59, P63, P74, P77, and P78
Textron Power Transmission (Formerly David Brown) ISO 68 through ISO 1000
DIN 51517/3 (CLP)
ISO (Type CKD) Specification
Meropa gear oils have been formulated to meet the service requirements and specifications of the following major OEM global specifications.
The first one is US Steel 224 specification.
To meet this specification requirement, the gear oils need to be formulated to prevent wear or damage at the interface between mating gears when loads are high enough to rupture the oil film.
In addition to the EP properties obtained from sulfur-phosphorus additives, these gear oils are also formulated with good oxidation stability and good water separability properties.
This US Steel specification requires the Timken OK load to be at 60 lb as minimum and requires the FZG gear test to have a fail load stage of 11. Chevron Meropa ISO 220 typically has a Timken OK Load of 65 lb, and FZG Pass Load stage of 12.
The American Gear Manufacturers Association AGMA has set up a specification called AGMA EP that requires gear oils to meet their minimum performance requirements for anti-scuff and antiwear gear oils. Chevron Meropa gear oils meet this specification.
The FZG requirement for this specification is Fail load stage of 12 for ISO 68 – 150 grades and >12 for ISO 220 grades and higher. We meet these requirements.
Other tests include D2893 resistance to oxidation, Foam inhib, water separation, copper corrosion and rust inhibition.
MAG Cincinnati Machine (Milacron). – This specification covers a premium grade EP gear oil for use in gear drives and other applications where high load and shock load conditions exist.
The test is done with the oil at 101degC for 72 hours in the presence a copper and a steel rod.
Obviously, the test is designed to determine if there is sludge formation or if there is corrosion or metal loss observed on the steel and copper rods.
There are certain maximum and minimum test limits you need to meet.
Textron Power Transmission (David Brown).
Lubricant E includes tests such as Load carrying capacity FZG >12, foam inhibiton, water separability, copper corrosion and rust test, D2893 oxidation stability etc.
DIN (CLP) Deutsche Institute Normung. Tests include Foam inhibition, water separability properties, D2893 ageing characteristics at 100degC for 1000 hour, copper corrosion and rust tests, FZG FLS stage of 12, FAG FE8, elastomer compatibility tests.
ISO category (Type CKD).
This is from the International Organization for Standardization, and this is an International Stardard. Tests include, Foam inhibition, D2711 emulsion, copper corrosion, rust test, FZG test (FLS 12), oxidation stability test D2893 with viscosity and precipitation number with maximum limits allowed.

17. Meropa Performance Features
Extended Lifetime – Long Life Lubricant
High Thermal and Oxidative Stability
Retention of Extreme Pressure Properties
Retention of Low foam Tendency and Demulsibility
Contaminant Resistance in Foam Test
Micropitting Resistance
Long-Term Rust and Corrosion Protection
Exceptional Load Carrying Capabilities
Chevron Meropa Performance Features. –
With Chevron Meropa, you can benefit from long equipment life, low maintenance, and low downtime. We have reduced product line complexity through the use of global formulas and global brands. And Chevron Meropa is our leading global “Industrial Gear Oil” brand.
Oxidative Stability
EP, exceptional Load carrying Capabilities.
FI and Demulsibility
Micropitting occurs on the surface of gears and is characterized by extremely small pits approximately 10 micron deep (1 micron = 1/1000 mm). In addition to maintaining an adequate lubricant film thickness, our EP additive chemistry in Chevron Meropa help to minimize this type of wear. (The FZG micropitting test measures average profile form variation exceeding the limit value of 20 micron. Meropa resulted in damage at load stage 10 in this test).
The nature of the phosphorus and the combination of the phosphorus with other components in the formulation is what determines the performance of our Meropa gear oil. The level of phosphorus alone is not a meaningful indication of gear oil quality. Meropa has been specifically formulated to be a premium quality, high-performance, multi-purpose gear oil designed for a wide variety of industrial equipment.
Rest of Slide is Self-explanatory.

18. Meropa Shows Excellent Demulsibility After Severe Oxidation
D 1401 Demulsibility on Drain Oil From USS S-200 Oxidation Test (mL Oil/Water/Emulsion)
Sample
Meropa
ISO 220
Competitor A ISO 220
Competitor B ISO 220
0 Minutes Settling Time
0 / 0 / 80
5 Minutes Settling Time
40 / 38 / 2
3 / 5 / 72
60 Minutes Settling Time
38 / 40 / 2
5 / 9 / 66
32 / 10 / 38

19. Meropa Shows Superior Thermal Stability and Cleanliness
Thermal Stability Test.
This ASTM D2893 standard test method, as shown on this slide, tests for oxidation characteristics of extreme-pressure gear oils. This test method has been widely used in the industry to measure the oxidation stability of extreme pressure lubricating oils and gear oils.
The gear oil is subjected to a temperature of 121degC using the Test Method B, which uses a more stringent test condition (Test Method A heats up to 95degC) and is done in the presence of dry air, and tested for 312 hours.
The subjected oil is then visually rated and tested for acid number and for increase in kinetic viscosity.
Conventional Gear Oil
Meropa 220
Test Procedure: ASTM D2893 (312 Hours at 121°C)

20. Meropa Shows Low Deposit Forming Tendency and High Cleanliness
Low Deposit Forming Test.
In the L-60 test (ASTM D5704), the test method is used to evaluate the oxidation stability of the gear oil, but this time this test is done in the presence of copper and in air, and again measuring, the viscosity change, and more importantly, insoluble material and deposit formation of the oil at the end of the test. The test is done at 163degC for 25 hours. The test uses 2 spur gears.
You can see the results on the slide.
Conventional Gear Oil
Meropa
Test Procedure: ASTM D 5704, L-60 (25 Hours at 163°C)

21. Meropa Performance Standards Claims Versus Competition
Mobilgear 600 Series*
Mobilgear 600 XP Series*
Shell Omala Oils*
US Steel 224 
AGMA EP 9005-E02
DIN 51517/3 (CLP)
ISO (Type CKD)
MAG Cincinnati, Cincinnati Machine
Textron Power Transmission (David Brown)
Self-explanatory.
These are our Performance standard claims comparing Chevron Meropa with various competitive gear oils using their company published product literature claims.
The performance tests have just been described in a previous slide, and have been compared with competitive gear oils.
* Published Company Product Literature

22. Meropa Performance Benefits
Maintains Gear Set Efficiencies:
High thermal stability EP system maintains clean gear and bearing surfaces, minimizing deposits with high oxidation stability
Extends Equipment Life:
Effective EP System forms a protective film in areas of metal-to-metal contact
Good water separation and effective rust inhibitors
Reduces formation of corrosive products that are corrosive to metal components
Long Oil Life:
Oxidation inhibitors and copper passivators minimize oil oxidation, limiting viscosity increase and extending oil drain intervals
Meropa Performance Benefits. -
Meropa has excellent thermal and oxidation stability and is designed as a long life lubricant.
The performance additives provide excellent performance in enclosed gear sets operating under severe operating conditions.
It has High Thermal stability to maintain clean gear surfaces and to minimize deposits that can interfere with effective lubrication, and to minimize the formation of oxidation by-products.
Meropa is formulated with highly effective and fortified extreme pressure additives and has high Load carrying capacity as seen by the excellent Extreme Pressure EP performance, Timken OK loads of 65 lb and FZG pass load stage of 12.
Meropa also possesses excellent retention of these EP properties through long service use.
It has excellent foam control to protect the gear teeth in small reservoir systems through the use of a unique low-foam additive.
Oxidation inhibitors and copper passivators help to minimize oil degradation and extend the oil drain intervals.
The performance retention of Chevron Meropa gear oil over time is exceptional and extends the oil drain intervals.
Chevron Meropa has a typical sulfur-phosphorus odor characteristic of industrial gear oils. A ventilated environment is recommended during use of gear oils.
In summary, with Chevron Meropa, you can benefit from long equipment life, low maintenance, and low downtime. We have reduced product line complexity through the use of global formulas and global brands. And Chevron Meropa is our leading global “Industrial Gear Oil” brand.

23. Reliability the Chevron Way
Reliability is the predictable, dependable performance of:
People
Processes
Equipment
Reliable performance ensures the delivery of products and services
On spec
On time
Every time
Reliability, like safety, is a critical element of operational excellence, and requires our constant attention.”
—Dave O’Reilly, Chairman and CEO
Chevron Corporation

24. Reliability-based Lubrication for your business
RbL Definition: A unique combination of industry knowledge, targeted products and customized services to optimize equipment performance for increased productivity.
Global network of experienced lubrication specialists coming from a culture of Operational Excellence
In-depth knowledge and understanding of your industry
Portfolio of premium products and customized services
Chevron’s RbL approach combines industry knowledge with technologically advanced lubricants which can help you run more reliably, efficiently and profitably to attain:
Longer equipment life
Less maintenance
Reduced downtime 24

25. Knowledge Offering Over 100 years of experience serving the industry
Industry Specialists - Chevron has a team of dedicated national and regional specialists to work with you to address your specific requirements
Global network of STLE Certified Lubrication Specialists
Nationwide Distribution Network - Signature Class Lubrication Marketers, equipment programs (tankage, etc.), dedicated sales force, comprehensive delivery services, industry knowledge
LUBETEK - Knowledge Resource Center
Chevron Oronite - Chevron Oronite is a leading developer, manufacturer and marketer of specialty chemicals used to produce additives for lubricant formulations. 25

26. Services Offering
LubeWatch® – oil analysis program is designed to help you optimize equipment life and oil replacement intervals, identify lubricant-related needs and understand the changing environment within a piece of equipment.
Chevron Business Point - provides easy access to business critical information and transactions online, where you can obtain invoices, statements, place orders and track order status.
Training - On-site training is provided in the areas of lubricant fundamentals; products and applications; oil analysis; and the importance of lubrication as it relates to equipment reliability. 26

27. Optimizing Reliability-based Lubrication
Chevron’s RbL approach combines industry knowledge with technologically advanced lubricants which can help you run more reliably, efficiently and profitably, and improve your bottom line.
Thank You