1. BIOZONE: 232-236 due Thurs BIOZONE: 232-236
Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 19
Topic: G5 Population Ecology
Essential Question: Describe the major differences between r-strategists and K- strategists. Include examples.
BIOZONE: due Thurs
G5 Population Ecology
Describe the major differences between r-strategists and K-strategists. Include examples.
Key Vocabulary:
r-strategy
K-strategy
BIOZONE:

2. Which of these two organisms is most likely to survive an ecological disaster which caused extreme changes in both terrestrial (land) and aquatic ecosystems?
Zebra Mussel
Zebra

3. Which of these two organisms is most likely to survive an ecological disaster which caused extreme changes in both terrestrial (land) and aquatic ecosystems?
In order to answer this question properly, we need to understand some background information about the animals in question:
With your table, make a list (whiteboards- 2 per table) of everything you know about the habitat (environment), reproduction (offspring #/parenting styles/reproduction rate), growth rate, food habits, life span, size…. of the zebra mussel or zebra (feel free to use internet on phone)
P. 18
Zebra Mussel
Zebra

4. Known as K-strategy Known as r-strategy Live up to 40 years
Zebra
Zebra Mussel
Live up to 40 years
Requires a stable environment
Long gestation period (pregnancy) during which the mother needs good nutrition
Baby zebra need maternal care
Savannah must have enough food
In the event of an ecological disaster: The few offspring produced would NOT survive
Known as K-strategy
Live 4-5 years
Unstable environment
Lays thousands of eggs which hatch into free swimming larvae
Most of the eggs will die (eaten)
Hundreds will survive
No parental care
In the event of an ecological disaster: A few would be likely to survive
Known as r-strategy

5. Assessment Statement
G.5.1 Distinguish between r-strategies and K-strategies

6. K-strategist (K=carrying capacity)
r-strategist (rate)
K-strategist (K=carrying capacity)

7. K-strategists r-strategists
Organisms that live in stable environments tend to make few, "expensive" offspring.
K-selected species— species whose population sizes fluctuate at or near their carrying capacity (K)
Organisms that live in unstable environments tend to make many, "cheap" offspring
r-selected species, also called r-strategist,  species whose populations are governed by their biotic potential (maximum reproductive capacity, r, or rate)
r-strategists

8. Assessment Statement
G.5.2 Discuss environmental conditions that favor either r- strategies or K-strategies
Use whiteboards to brainstorm:
Life span:
Size:
Reproduction rate:
Offspring #s:
Parental care:
Growth rate:
Type of environment they live in:
Includes examples of animals

9. r- Strategy K- Strategy “disposable offspring” Mostly insects
Life span short
Many offspring- most are lost
Early maturity-grow quickly
Small body size
Usually only reproduce once during lifetime
No parental care
Unstable environments
K- Strategy
Nurturing
Larger animals- almost all mammals
Long life span
Few offspring
Later maturity-grow slowly
Large body size
Produce offspring more than once during life span
Parental care likely
Stable environment

10. Ecological Disruption:
Favors r-Strategists!!!!!
If you call something a “pest”, its likely an r-strategist
It is adapted to become established quickly before its competitors get a foothold
In a balance ecosystem, the r-strategists have interactions with other species that control their numbers (they get eaten)

11. BIOZONE: 232-236 due Thurs BIOZONE: 232-236 Essential Question: None.
Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 21
Topic: The Population Explosion
Essential Question: None.
BIOZONE: due Thurs
The Population Explosion
BIOZONE:

12. The Population Explosion

13. Overpopulation
It took the ENTIRE history of humankind for the population to reach 1 billion in 1810
Just 120 years later, it was 2 billion (1930)
4 billion (1975)
7.2 billion (2014)
9.7 billion (2050)?

14. Current and Projected World Population by 2050

15. North America- United States
The World
Africa- Congo

18. The Causes…. Until recently, birth and death rates were equal
People had a lot of children, but many of them died before the age of 5-6
During the Industrial Revolution:
Increases in food production/distribution
Improvement in public health (water/sanitation)
Medical technology (vaccines/antibiotics)

19. The Consequences…
Population grows fastest in the world’s poorest countries
High poverty usually equals high fertility and high infant mortality
But infant mortality rates are dropping due to improved standards of living
That leaves a huge % of the world’s population as young people in child bearing years
Which means we need to…
Meet food/water needs
Health care/education
Try and control poverty levels
Any real advances in well being are negated by further population growth!

20. Population Reference Bureau (3m35s)

21. Solutions….

22. Table Discussion: 2014 Population Reference Bureau
1. Current country with top population? 2. Projected 2050 country with top population? 3. What is the average children, per female, in a Nigerian family? 4. What country is having the least amount of children per family? 5. Why might less developed countries have a higher birth rate than more developed countries? 6. What is the World percentage of infant deaths per year vs. births per year? (death#/birth# x 100) 7. What is the difference in percentage of infant deaths in less developed countries to more developed countries? (find % for more and less developed then subtract) 8. Worldwide how many infants die per minute? 9. How many people worldwide live on less that $1.25 a day? Where? 10. Take a look at the world population pyramids. What might explain Africa’s almost perfect pyramid shape vs. Europe’s “bush” shaped pyramid? 11. What might explain the drastic difference in maternal mortality in undeveloped countries vs. developed countries?

23. Homework/Classwork
Please read “The Population Explosion: Causes and Consequences”
Highlight important details

24. Please open them to pg. 226 and turn in to Mrs. McC
Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 23
Topic: Population Decline Case Study: Why Have all the Sea Lions Gone?
Essential Question: None.
BIOZONE: due Today!!!
Population Decline Case Study:
Why Have all the Sea Lions Gone?
BIOZONE:
Please open them to pg. 226 and turn in to Mrs. McC

25. “Mystery in Alaska: Why Have All The Sea Lions Gone?”

26. Background Information: Steller Sea Lions
Please read/highlight the Steller Sea Lion information sheet
Note key details on their diet (food habits), population size, and predators/hunting

27. “A Mystery in Alaska”- Clip
Please take 5-10 bullets on the video on pg. 22

28. Discussion to Follow Mystery in Alaska
With a Partner please read and answer the questions in the case study
Part I
Part II
Part III
Make sure you do the calculations properly!
Discussion to Follow

29. Discussion Questions
What were several possible reasons for the decline of the Steller Sea Lion population?
How would the shift in fish populations affect the diets of the Western and Eastern stocks of sea lions? (decrease Herring, increase Pollock)
Describe an experiment that could be used to test your hypothesis for why the Western stock #s were decreasing, but the Eastern stock #s were slowing increasing. Make sure to include your hypothesis.
What experiment was conducted at the Vancouver Aquarium to compare the effects of eating Pollock and herring?
Based on your calculations, which fish better meets the energy needs of the Steller sea lions?
Why do you think the sea lions lost weight when they were aloud to eat unlimited amounts of Pollock in the experiment?
What is the significance that sea lion pups were affected more than adults? Why were they especially impacted?

31. Steller Sea Lion Population Decline and Increase

32. The Good News…