1. Mr. Bahaa Abou Harfoush O F F ’ B A A ’A ’ B ’B ’ a) Construction of rays diagram for converging lenses: o Ray passing through the optical center will continue without any deviation. o Ray parallel to the optical axis will pass through the image focus(F’) o The prolongation of the two emergent rays will intersect at a virtual point B’. o A’(image of A) is the orthogonal projection(perpendicular) of B’ on the optical axis

2. Mr. Bahaa Abou Harfoush b) c) (-II-) a) b) OR c) The parallel branches contain equal number of identical lamps and since L 1 and L 2 are connected in series, then : the image is virtual because the object and the image are on the same side w.r.t the lens. OR the emergent rays intersect at the virtual point image B’. Law of addition of voltages

3. Mr. Bahaa Abou Harfoush d) e) (-III-) the incident and the normal are confounded (angle of incidence equal to zero) then the incident ray will continue without any deviation. a) i) ii) iii) b) The parallel branches contain equal number of identical lamps, then the main current I will decompose equally. voltage across a connecting wire is zero.

4. c) Mr. Bahaa Abou Harfoush