2. ACTIVE LISTENING AND THE BOOK PORT DESKTOP (BPDT)

3. INTRODUCTION: Active listening is one of the primary keys to success when using the Book Port Desktop (BPDT) as an educational study tool. In this unit you will learn what active listening is and how the Digital Accessible Information System (DAISY) file format promotes active listening by providing powerful navigational tools which make it easy to find and review specific information within both audio and text-based documents. You will learn how to navigate within a DAISY-formatted file, how to use the GO TO function as well as how to set and remove bookmarks which can further enhance navigation.

4. Note: In this unit, it is assumed that the BPDT’s mask has been removed, exposing all of the keys on the front face of the BPDT.

5. THE IMPORTANCE OF LISTENING It is estimated that 80% of what you know is gained through listening From “Effective Listening and Note-taking” by Student Support Center North Shore Community College http://www.northshore.edu/support_center/pdf /listen_notes.pdf

6. IT IS NOT ENOUGH TO HEAR IT; STUDENTS HAVE TO ACTIVELY LISTEN. “When you practice active listening you focus on, attend to, and think about what is being said. You think about what the instructor is saying and you try to understand the information in your own words. In this way, you are engaged in the learning process.” “Note-Taking & Listening” from website: http://www.utsc.utoronto.ca/aacc/sites/utsc.utoronto.ca. aacc/files/tipsheets/Academic_Advising_Tipsheets/not etakinglistening.pdf http://www.utsc.utoronto.ca/aacc/sites/utsc.utoronto.ca. aacc/files/tipsheets/Academic_Advising_Tipsheets/not etakinglistening.pdf

7. ACTIVE LISTENING LOOKS LIKE:  Head nodding  Eye Contact  Sitting still  Facing the speaker  Leaning forward  Taking notes

8. ACTIVE LISTENING WITH THE BPDT (CONTINUED ON THE NEXT SLIDE): The BPDT provides the user many powerful features that make active listening easy. These include: The ability to easily start, stop and restart the reading of documents The ability to skip backward (rewind) through a document so that particularly difficult or important passages can be listened to multiple times for the purpose of taking notes or to gain a better understanding of the material Skip forward (fast-forward) through a document to search for a particular section or skim the material

9. ACTIVE LISTENING WITH THE BPDT (CONTINUED): Bookmark important sections so that they can easily be found again at a later time In text-based documents, move backward and forward through the material line-by-line, word-by-word or even character-by-character

10. ACTIVITY ONE: REVIEW OF NAVIGATION (CONTINUED ON THE NEXT SLIDE) Review basic file navigation by performing the following: 1. Turn on the device by pressing and holding the Power key for approximately two seconds. The player will announce the current time, sound the busy tones while it scans its memory and announce the last title accessed. 2. Using the Previous and Next Title keys, select a text document from the title list and press Play/Stop to begin playback. 3. Use the 1, 3, 4 and 6 keys on the numeric keypad as well as the Rewind and Fast-Forward keys to skip backward and forward through the document and re-familiarize yourself with their functions.

11. ACTIVITY ONE: REVIEW OF NAVIGATION (CONTINUED) 4. Press Play/Stop and repeat step three on the previous slide, noticing the differences in behavior. 5. Using the Previous and Next Title keys, select the DAISY audio book, “History in the Making” from the title list and press Play/Stop to begin audio playback. 6. Repeat steps three and four on the previous slide and above to review the navigational functions in an audio file. 7. If necessary, press Play/Stop to stop audio playback.

12. THE DIGITAL ACCESSIBLE INFORMATION SYSTEM (DAISY) STANDARD (CONTINUED ON THE NEXT SLIDES): The Digital Accessible Information System or DAISY standard is a special file format which allows both audio and text-based files to be indexed in a way that makes it quick and easy to find and navigate to chapters, sections, subsections, pages, etc. The mechanics of how this is done is beyond the scope of this module, but the resulting enhancements to the navigability of documents, particularly large documents following this indexing standard, greatly improves the usability of these materials, especially when they are serving as study aids.

13. THE DIGITAL ACCESSIBLE INFORMATION SYSTEM (DAISY) STANDARD (CONTINUED): The DAISY indexing structure is very simple and easy to understand. It is based on a series of navigation levels. (There are a maximum of eight levels specified in the current standard.) Typically, the higher the level, the more refined the movement within the document.

14. THE DIGITAL ACCESSIBLE INFORMATION SYSTEM (DAISY) STANDARD (CONTINUED): For example, a given world history book is divided into units which consist of several chapters. Each chapter is divided into a number of sections. The DAISY indexing allows you to skip backward and forward by unit at level one (dozens or even hundreds of pages), by chapter at level two and by chapter section at level three. Even more refined navigation, such as by page, paragraph or even sentence or phrase may also be available at sequentially higher levels.

15. THE DIGITAL ACCESSIBLE INFORMATION SYSTEM (DAISY) STANDARD (CONTINUED): The complexity of the DAISY indexing is entirely up to the publisher. Books intended primarily for leisure reading, for example, often have very little DAISY indexing. Navigation by chapter is often the only option in these types of books. Text or reference books, on the other hand often include a far more complex, multilevel indexing structure which makes it quick and easy to find specific information within the document.

16. THE DIGITAL ACCESSIBLE INFORMATION SYSTEM (DAISY) STANDARD (CONTINUED): There are three types of DAISY files: Audio (recorded narration) Text (documents generated by a computer) Audio/Text (a combination of the above)

17. THE DIGITAL ACCESSIBLE INFORMATION SYSTEM (DAISY) STANDARD (CONTINUED): DAISY audio files are recordings of a human or computer text-to-speech program reading a document. DAISY text files are documents generated by a computer such as those created by a word-processing program. DAISY audio/text files are an audio version of a document synchronized with a text version of the same document, making it possible to switch back and forth between the two versions without loosing your place. These are, by far, the rarest of the three formats due to the complexity of their creation.

18. NAVIGATING DAISY FILES WITH THE BPDT: The BPDT fully supports DAISY navigation. The 7,8 and 9 keys on the numeric keypad are used to navigate DAISY indexing as follows: 7: Move backward by heading 8: Select navigation level 9: Move forward by heading To move through a document using DAISY navigation, use the 8 key to select the desired navigational level. Repeatedly pressing this key will cycle through all of the options available within the file. Then use the 7 key to move backward or the 9 key to move forward to the next heading or section defined by the selected level.

19. ACTIVITY TWO: NAVIGATION OF DAISY TEXT (CONTINUED ON THE NEXT SLIDE) 1. Press the 0 key or press and hold the Play/Stop key to turn on Help mode. Playback of the user’s guide will begin. 2. Repeatedly press the 8 key on the numeric keypad until you hear the player announce “Level one.” 3. Use the 7 and 9 keys on the numeric keypad to skip backward and forward through the document by major section headings. 4. Repeatedly press the 8 key until the player announces “Level two.” Repeat step three above to move backward and forward through the document by subsections. Notice that each press of the 7 or 9 key always moves to the beginning of a section or subsection and begins playback from there.

20. ACTIVITY TWO: NAVIGATION OF DAISY TEXT (CONTINUED) 5. Repeatedly press the 8 key until the player announces “Phrase.” Again use the 7 and 9 keys to move backward and forward through the document. Note how the movement unit has changed to very small sections of text (phrases). 6. Continue practicing using the 7, 8 and 9 keys until you are comfortable with DAISY navigation. 7. When you are finished, press the 0 key or press and hold the Play/Stop key to turn off help mode. Note: Although DAISY levels three and four appear in the options selected by the 8 key, they are not defined in this document and achieve the same navigation as level two.

21. ACTIVITY THREE: NAVIGATION OF DAISY AUDIO (CONTINUED ON THE NEXT SLIDE) 1. Using the Previous and Next Title keys, select the DAISY audio book, “History in the Making”, from the title list and press Play/Stop to start playback. 2. Repeatedly press the 8 key on the numeric keypad to cycle through the available choices for DAISY navigation. Select level one. 3. Use the 7 and 9 keys to move backward and forward through this audio book by the movement unit assigned to level one. Note that this movement unit is by chapter.

22. ACTIVITY THREE: NAVIGATION OF DAISY AUDIO (CONTINUED) 4. Using the 8 key, select “phrase” as the navigational level (this is the only other choice in this book). 5. Use the 7 and 9 keys to move backward and forward at this navigational level. Note that the results are identical to those assigned to level one. This is because phrase level navigation is not defined in this book although the option appears in the list. 6. Press Play/Stop to stop playback. Note: This book was primarily intended for leisure reading and, therefore, has very little DAISY indexing.

23. DETERMINING DAISY INDEXING STRUCTURE: (CONTINUED ON THE NEXT SLIDES): It is extremely important to understand the indexing structure within a DAISY file, particularly if the document is being used in an educational setting. This knowledge allows you to quickly and easily navigate the document and locate required information without having to read it from beginning to end.

24. DETERMINING DAISY INDEXING STRUCTURE: (CONTINUED): Some DAISY publishers put a brief note at or near the beginning of the document which clearly defines the available navigational options, e.g., “Navigation by unit is available at level one, chapter at level two and chapter section at level three. Navigation by page is also available.” Other publishers choose not to include this information. In this case it is left to the user to determine the indexing structure. This is usually very straight forward, but can be a little tricky with more complex indexing.

25. DETERMINING DAISY INDEXING STRUCTURE: (CONTINUED): A good strategy is as follows: Repeatedly press the navigational level selection key (the 8 key on the Book Port) to determine all of the available options. Select level one from the list and use the backward and forward movement keys (the 7 and 9 keys on the Book Port) to skip backward and forward through the document. Listen to the first few words spoken after each press of a movement key. This should give some indication of the movement unit, e.g., “Chapter One, Chapter Two, …”; “Part One, Part Two, …”; “Unit One, Unit Two, …” etc.

26. DETERMINING DAISY INDEXING STRUCTURE: (CONTINUED): Repeat this process for all available options in the list in numerical order (level one, level two, level three, etc.). Note if and when sequentially higher navigational levels produce identical results. This often indicates that these levels are undefined in the document although they appear in the list. Examination of a hard copy of the document, if available, may also be very helpful in determining the DAISY indexing structure.

27. THE GO TO KEY (CONTINUED ON THE NEXT SLIDE): In addition to DAISY navigation, the BPDT offers two additional features which make navigation of both DAISY and non-DAISY files quick and convenient. One of those features is “Go To” which is accessed through the use of the Go To key. Within DAISY files, repeatedly pressing this key cycles through the following three options: Go To Page Go To Heading Go To Percent

28. THE GO TO KEY (CONTINUED): In non-DAISY text documents, the only option is go to percent. In non-DAISY audio files, the two options are: Go To Track Go To Album When in the title selection list, the Go To key allows you to select a title by number.

29. GO TO NAVIGATION IN DAISY FILES OPTION ONE: Go To Page: Selecting the Go To Page option allows you to enter a page number on the numeric keypad, followed by pressing either the Enter key (Pound [#]) or Play/Stop. If page-level navigation is defined in the DAISY indexing, the reading point will be moved to the beginning of the specified page. If Play/Stop was pressed instead of the Enter key, the reading point will be moved to the beginning of the specified page and playback will begin at that location. If page-level navigation is not defined in the document or the number entered is outside the valid range of page numbers, the player will announce “Number ## does not exist” where ## represents the page number entered.

30. GO TO NAVIGATION IN DAISY FILES OPTION TWO: Go To Heading: The Go To Heading option functions similarly. Select this option and enter the number of a desired heading followed by pressing either the Enter or Play/Stop key. The reading point will move to the specified heading and, if Play/Stop was pressed, begin playback from that location. Pressing Enter or Play/Stop without entering a number will move the reading point to the beginning of the document. Entering zero as the heading number will move the reading point to the end of the document.

31. GO TO NAVIGATION IN DAISY FILES OPTION THREE: Go To Percent: This function allows you to enter a percentage of a document to which to move the reading point, e.g., a value of 50 will move the reading point to the center of the document and a value of 75 will move the reading point to a position three-quarters of the way through the document. This is an absolute move, so playback may resume in the middle of a section, page or even sentence. Entering a value of zero will move to the beginning of the title Entering a value of one hundred will move to the end

32. A NOTE ABOUT HEADING NUMBERS (CONTINUED ON THE NEXT SLIDE): While going to pages or percentages is rather straight-forward, going to a heading by its number is a little more tricky. Headings are numbered sequentially from beginning to end, regardless of their assigned navigational level. For example, Unit One (at level one) may be heading one, Chapter One (at level two) may be heading 2 and Introduction (a section heading within chapter one at level three) may be heading three. The trick is, how to determine a heading’s number.

33. A NOTE ABOUT HEADING NUMBERS (CONTINUED): The only practical way to determine the assigned number of a given heading is to use other navigational options to locate the desired heading. Then, with the reading point just beyond the heading, stop playback and repeatedly press the Info key (approximately five times) until the player announces the number of the current heading followed by its title. This information can then be written down in study notes or elsewhere for future reference.

34. GO TO NAVIGATION WITHIN NON-DAISY TEXT DOCUMENTS: In non-DAISY text documents, the only option available when you press the Go To key is Go To Percent. This function is identical to that available within DAISY documents, i.e., it allows you to enter a percentage of the document to which to move the reading point. Again, a value of zero moves the reading point to the beginning and a value of one hundred moves it to the end.

35. GO TO NAVIGATION WITH NON-DAISY AUDIO FILES: While working with non-DAISY audio files, there are two Go To options, Go To Track and Go To Album. An album is a folder containing one or more audio files and a track is an audio file within an album (folder). Albums are sequentially numbered as are tracks within albums. The utility of the Go To key while working with these types of files is largely dependent on how the file structure has been set up, a topic beyond the scope of this unit. To use the Go To function while working with non-DAISY audio files, press the Go To key once to select Track or twice to select Album. Enter the desired number on the numeric keypad followed by the Enter or Play/Stop key to move to the specified track or album.

36. ACTIVITY FOUR: USING THE GO TO KEY (CONTINUED ON THE NEXT SLIDES) 1. Press the 0 key on the numeric key pad or press and hold the Play/Stop key to turn on Help mode. Playback of the user’s guide will begin. 2. Press the Go To key twice to select “Go To Heading.” Press three on the numeric keypad followed by the Enter (Pound/Hashtag) key. The player will announce “Heading three.” Press Play/Stop to begin playback at heading 3. The player will read the heading title, “About This Guide,” followed by the text of the section. 3. Repeat step 2 above, substituting the Play/Stop key for the Enter key. Note that the reading point returns to the beginning of the section and begins playback immediately.

37. ACTIVITY FOUR: USING THE GO TO KEY (CONTINUED): 4. Repeat steps two and three on the previous slide, substituting different heading numbers until you are comfortable with the Go To Heading function. Note the error message if you happen to enter a heading number that is not within the valid range. 5. Press the Go To key three times to select “Go To Percent.” Enter twenty-four followed by the Play/Stop key. The User’s Guide will begin playback twenty-four percent of the way through the document. Briefly listening to the playback will reveal that this portion of the guide is discussing the Previous and Next Title keys. Press Play/Stop to stop playback.

38. ACTIVITY FOUR: USING THE GO TO KEY (CONTINUED): 6. Press the Information key (oval button on the right side of the device between the numeric keypad and sleep timer key) five times. The player will announce that you are within heading thirty-nine of one hundred and eighty headings and that its title is “Select Title.” Press Play/Stop to stop playback of the remaining file and status information. 7. Press the Go To key twice to select “Go To Heading.” Enter thirty-nine followed by the Play/Stop key. Playback will start at the beginning of the “Select Title” heading. Listening to the playback briefly should result in you hearing the same text that was read in step five because twenty-four percent of the document is only four or five sentences into this section..

39. ACTIVITY FOUR: USING THE GO TO KEY (CONTINUED): 8. Repeat steps five through seven, substituting different percentages until you are comfortable with the Go To functions as well as determining the number of a particular heading. 9. Press Zero or press and hold Play/Stop to turn off Help Mode.

40. BOOKMARKS (CONTINUED ON THE NEXT SLIDES): Another convenient feature of the BPDT is the ability to bookmark documents, i.e., mark a spot within a file to which you would like to return in the future. For example, a bookmark could be set at the beginning of the chapter review in a text book or at the beginning of a particular scene in a play or novel. Up to one thousand bookmarks can be set per title and will remain until they are purposefully deleted, even if the associated document has been removed from the device.

41. BOOKMARKS (CONTINUED): There are two types of bookmarks that can be set: regular and voice. A regular bookmark is simply a numbered location within a file to which you can return through the use of the Bookmark or DAISY navigation keys. A voice bookmark is similar with the addition of being able to record a voice annotation or memo which will be associated with the book mark and location within the document. “This information will be on the test.” or “I want to quote this passage in my term paper.” Are good examples of the use of a voice bookmark. These annotations should be kept brief, however, because there is only thirty minutes of recording time available for all voice bookmarks.

42. BOOKMARKS (CONTINUED): By default, the BPDT is set to automatically play voice annotations when voice bookmarks are reached while playing a title, i.e., playback will pause, the annotation will be played and playback will resume. This behavior can be changed from within the Bookmark menu in the menu system. Regular bookmarks are not identified during playback. Bookmarks are numbered sequentially starting with one within each title. It is important to note, however, that if a bookmark is removed, its number will be reused. This means that bookmarks will not necessarily stay in numerical order throughout the text, e.g., bookmark two could be pages or even chapters ahead of bookmark five.

43. THE BOOKMARK KEY (CONTINUED ON THE NEXT SLIDES): Repeatedly pressing this key cycles through the following three options: Go to bookmark Set bookmark Remove bookmark

44. THE BOOKMARK KEY (CONTINUED): Go To Bookmark is similar to the Go To Heading and Go To Page functions. Once you have selected Go To Bookmark using the Bookmark key, you can enter a bookmark’s number on the numeric keypad followed by pressing the Enter or Play/Stop key. This will move the reading point to the specified book mark and, if Play/Stop was pressed, begin playback from that point.

45. THE BOOKMARK KEY (CONTINUED): Pressing the Bookmark key twice selects Set Bookmark. Pressing the Enter or Play/Stop key will set a regular bookmark at that location within the document and announce “Setting bookmark ### … completed” where ### is the number assigned to the new bookmark.

46. THE BOOKMARK KEY (CONTINUED): To set a voice book mark, press the Bookmark key twice to select set bookmark. Instead of pressing Enter or Play/Stop, press the Record key. This places the device in record pause. To record the annotation, press and hold the Record key and speak normally. When you are finished, release the record key. The player will announce “Setting bookmark ### … completed.” Record Key

47. THE BOOKMARK KEY (CONTINUED): To remove a bookmark, press the Bookmark key three times and enter the number of the bookmark to be removed. Pressing the Enter or Play/Stop key will erase the bookmark and the player will announce “Remove bookmark ### … completed.”

48. ACTIVITY FIVE: SETTING A REGULAR BOOKMARK (CONTINUED ON THE NEXT SLIDES) 1. Using the Previous and Next Title Keys, locate “Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland” and press Play/Stop to select it and start playback. 2. Press the Go To key. The player will announce, “Go to percent” which is the only option in this non-DAISY text file. 3. Press the number seven followed by the Enter key. (Do not use Play/Stop in this instance.) The reading point will be moved to seven percent of the document but playback should not begin.

49. ACTIVITY FIVE: SETTING A REGULAR BOOKMARK (CONTINUED): 4. Use the navigation keys to move backward through the file until you find the line that says “Chapter One.” This can be accomplished quickly by pressing the four key approximately nine times. 5. Use the one and three keys to verify your position, navigating back to the word “chapter” when you are satisfied. 6. Press the Bookmark key twice. The player will announce “Set bookmark. Press Enter key to set bookmark or Record key to set voice bookmark.” 7. Press Enter or Play/Stop to set a regular bookmark. The player will announce “Setting bookmark one … completed.”

50. ACTIVITY FIVE: SETTING A REGULAR BOOKMARK (CONTINUED): 8. Press the Go To key, 0 key and Enter or Play/Stop to go to the beginning of the document. 9. Press the Bookmark key. The player will announce “Go to Bookmark.” Press the 1 key followed by Play/Stop. The player will announce “Bookmark one,” and begin playback from the beginning of chapter one. 10. Press Play/Stop to stop playback.

51. ACTIVITY FIVE: SETTING A REGULAR BOOKMARK (CONTINUED): Note: In this activity, you not only learned the proper method for setting a regular bookmark, you also discovered a valuable use for a bookmark. Many E-texts and similar documents, particularly those retrieved from the internet, contain a significant amount of front matter. This material typically includes standard title page information such as the title, author, copyright information, publisher, etc. as well as information about the organization that produced the electronic version of the document. Although this information has its place, it can make locating the beginning of the actual document difficult and frustrating. Once this has been done, setting a bookmark at that location will make it quick and easy to return to it in the future.

52. ACTIVITY SIX: SETTING A VOICE BOOKMARK (CONTINUED ON THE NEXT SLIDES): 1. If necessary, locate and select “Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland.” 2. Press Go To, enter 14 followed by the Enter (#) key. 3. Use the navigation keys to skip forward through the document until you locate the beginning of Chapter Two. (Hint: press the Six key approximately eleven times.) 4. Use the One and Three keys to explore the text word by word to verify that you have found the correct location. When you are satisfied, navigate back to the word “Chapter.”

53. ACTIVITY SIX: SETTING A VOICE BOOKMARK (CONTINUED): 5. Press the Bookmark key twice to select Set Bookmark. Press the record key to place the unit in record pause. 6. Press and hold the Record key. You should hear a brief tone. Continuing to hold the Record key, speak a brief annotation such as: “End of chapter one,” or “This is the beginning of chapter two.” When you have finished, release the Record key. The player will announce that it is setting bookmark two. 7. Press the Go To key, enter 14 and press Play/Stop. Playback will begin near the end of chapter one. Note that when the location at which you just set a voice bookmark is reached, playback pauses, your voice annotation is played and playback resumes.

54. ACTIVITY SIX: SETTING A VOICE BOOKMARK (CONTINUED): 8. Select another random location in the document and set either a regular or voice bookmark. Continue practicing setting and moving to bookmarks until you are comfortable with these procedures. 9. Press the Bookmark key three times. The player will announce “Remove bookmark.” Enter a valid bookmark number followed by the Enter or Play/Stop key. The player will announce “Removing bookmark ### … completed.”

55. ACTIVITY SIX: SETTING A VOICE BOOKMARK (CONTINUED): Note: For this activity to be successfully completed by a subsequent student, all bookmarks must be removed from this document. This can be accomplished by repeating step nine on the previous slide for all set bookmarks or through use of the “Clear All Bookmarks In Current Title” option in the bookmark menu within the menu system.

56. ACTIVITY SEVEN: PLACING BOOKMARKS OUT OF ORDER (CONTINUED ON THE NEXT SLIDES): 1. Using the Previous and Next Title keys, select the DAISY audio book, “History in the Making” from the title list and press Play/Stop to start playback. 2. Use the 8 key on the numeric keypad to select level one DAISY navigation. Use the 7 and 9 keys to move to chapter one. Press Play/Stop to stop playback. Set either a regular or voice bookmark at this location. 3. Use the 9 key to move to chapter 4. Press Play/Stop to stop playback. Set either a regular or voice bookmark at this location. 4. Use the 7 key to move back to Chapter 2. Press Play/Stop to stop playback. Set either a regular or voice bookmark at this location.

57. ACTIVITY SEVEN: PLACING BOOKMARKS OUT OF ORDER (CONTINUED): 5. Repeatedly press the 8 key until the player announces, “Bookmark.” Press the 7 and 9 keys until you hear “Bookmark one.” Press Play/Stop to begin playback at this location, which should be at the beginning of chapter one. 6. Press the 9 key. The player should announce “Bookmark two” and begin playback at the beginning of chapter four. 7. Press the 9 key once more. The player should announce “Bookmark three” and resume playback, this time at the beginning of chapter two. Note that the bookmarks are not in sequential order but rather in the order in which they were set.

58. ACTIVITY SEVEN: PLACING BOOKMARKS OUT OF ORDER (CONTINUED): 8. Press the Bookmark key three times to select Remove Bookmark. Enter 1 followed by the Enter or Play/Stop key to remove bookmark one. 9. Use the 8 key to select level one navigation and the 9 key to move to the beginning of chapter six. Set either a regular or voice bookmark at this location. Note that the number assigned to this bookmark is one, which was the lowest available number.

59. ACTIVITY SEVEN: PLACING BOOKMARKS OUT OF ORDER (CONTINUED): 10. Practice using both the DAISY navigation keys as well as the Go To Bookmark function to select and move to bookmarks you have set within this DAISY audio file. Note: For this activity to be successfully completed by a subsequent student, all bookmarks must be removed from this document. This can be accomplished by using the “Remove Bookmark” function for all set bookmarks or through the use of the “Clear All Bookmarks In Current Title” option in the Bookmark menu within the menu system.

60. NOTE-TAKING (CONTINUED ON THE NEXT SLIDES): Note-Taking is vital to retention. “Set down a written record for each of your classes. This is very important for studies have shown that forgetting begins almost immediately. Within two weeks you will forget 80 percent or more of what you have heard. In four weeks, you will be fortunate if 5 percent remains!” (Effective Listening and Note- Taking by Johnie H. Scott, Assistant Professor. Taken from website: http://www.csun.edu/~hcpas003/effective.html) http://www.csun.edu/~hcpas003/effective.html

61. NOTE-TAKING (CONTINUED): When helping students to use the BPDT as a study aid, it is vitally important that they take complete and accurate notes. The following tips are suggestions to help students develop effective note-taking and study strategies:  Liberally bookmark the material being studied. After all, you can set up to one thousand bookmarks per title.  Associate one or more bookmark numbers with specific notes. This will make it possible to quickly locate and review all sections of the text addressing the noted topic.

62. NOTE-TAKING (CONTINUED):  Remember about DAISY headings. No need to set a bookmark if a DAISY heading marks a desired location in the text. Simply associate the heading number with the appropriate note. Be sure to identify it as a heading number rather than a bookmark number, e.g., H15 for heading fifteen or B21 for bookmark twenty-one.  Use voice bookmarks to add personal messages or reminders to bookmarked locations within the text. This can be extremely valuable when traditional note-taking is not possible for one reason or another. These audio notes can always be written down at a later time.

63. NOTE-TAKING (CONTINUED):  While studying your notes, use the Go To Bookmark and Go To Heading functions to quickly locate and review applicable portions of the text. This is actually much quicker and easier than flipping through the pages of a print book.

64. SUMMARY (CONTINUED ON THE NEXT SLIDES): This unit further demonstrates the power and flexibility of the BPDT as a study aid within an educational environment. You should have a thorough understanding of the importance and techniques of “active listening” and how these techniques, along with the BPDT can greatly enhance audible learning. You have learned how DAISY file navigation, bookmarking and effective note-taking can greatly improve study habits and result in a much higher level of comprehension.

65. SUMMARY (CONTINUED): Upon successful completion of this unit, you should be able to:  define “active listening” and explain its importance  describe the basic DAISY file format and how to navigate within it  describe the differences between DAISY navigational levels and how these different levels can make it quick and easy to find specific information within a large document  use the “Go To” key to move to a specific location within both DAISY and non-DAISY documents

66. SUMMARY (CONTINUED):  set and clear a regular bookmark on the BPDT  set and clear a voice bookmark on the BPDT  describe the differences between regular and voice bookmarks  describe how to use both available methods to locate and move to bookmarks on the BPDT  describe the importance of note-taking while using bookmarks on the BPDT