1. CAMERAS AND LENSES The Essential Reference Guide for Filmmakers

2. The Camera

4. The Path Through the Camera

5. The Shutter

6. Reasons to Change the Shutter Angle  To Stop Action  To Eliminate Flicker  To Adjust Exposure in a Ramping Shot

7. The Gate Gate

8. The Viewing System  Parallax  Reflexive - Prism - Shutter mirror

9. The Lens

10. Focus  Circle of Confusion  Depth of Field  Hyperfocal Distance

11. Depth of Field

12. Parameters that Affect Depth of Field  format size or target size  aperture  focal length  distance from camera To REDUCE the depth of field:  use a larger format  use a wider aperture  use a longer focal length  reduce the focus distance (move closer)

13. Hyperfocal DIstance F/stopf/1.4f/2f/2.8f/4f/5.6f/8f/11f/16f/22f/32 Hyperfocal Distance 230.7’161.5’115.3’80.7’57.7’40.4’29.4’20.2’14.7’10.1’ 35 mm CAMERA DEPTH-OF-FIELD and HYPERFOCAL DISTANCE Lens Focal Length: 50 mm Circle of Confusion =.001” (1/1000”)

14. Conclusion QUESTIONS?