1. Circulatory System Honors Biology Powerpoint #4 Unit 8 – Chapter 37

2. Circulatory System

3. Structures: o Heart, Blood vessels, blood Functions: o Brings O2, nutrients and hormones to cells, takes away CO2 and waste o Fights infection o Regulates body temperature.

4. Heart Made of cardiac muscle Beats on average 65- 85 beats per minute Pumps to circulate blood throughout the body

5. Take your heart Rate

6. Blood Vessels: Carry blood to cells Lined with smooth muscle tissue Three kinds: 1.Arteries 2.Capillaries 3.Veins

7. Arteries (carries blood away) Carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body. Direction of blood flow

8. Capillaries Branch off of the Arteries The smallest of the blood vessels o some have diameters as small as 1 red blood cell Takes blood to all cells where diffusion occurs Direction of blood flow

9. Capillaries

10. Veins Takes deoxygenated blood from the capillaries back to the heart Direction of blood flow

11. Comparing arteries and veins

12. Why do arteries have thicker and stronger walls?

13. Veins Have valves to prevent backflow because not receiving pressure from heart Muscles help pump blood back to heart through the veins

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15. Varicose veins

17. Treatment for varicose/spider veins Sclerotherapy. doctor injects the veins with a solution that scars and closes those veins, causing the blood to reroute through healthier veins. Vein ligation/vein striping Laser surgery. Laser surgery works by sending strong bursts of light into the vein that make the vein slowly fade and disappear. No incisions or needles are used. The treatment is often less effective than sclerotherapy.

18. Blood The human body has 4-6 liters of blood Blood: o 45% of blood is Cells o 55% of blood is plasma

19. Blood Cells: 3 kinds Red Blood Cells: transports oxygen, contain hemoglobin (gives them color) White Blood Cells (leukocytes): attack foreign substances or organisms. Platelets: stick to broken blood vessels to stop bleeding when you are cut

21. Plasma 90% water 10% other materials: o Dissolved gases o Salts o Nutrients o Enzymes o Hormones o Waste products

22. Blood Flow in the Heart Upper body

23. The Heart The human heart has four chambers o Left and right ventricle o Left and right atrium The left side of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body The right side of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs

24. Right Atrium Right Ventricle Left Atrium Left Ventricle https://www.youtube.com/watch ?v=BEWjOCVEN7M

25. 1) The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body through the superior and inferior vena cava.

26. 2) The right atrium pumps blood through the tricuspid (AV) valve and into the right ventricle

27. 3) Right Ventricle Contracts and pushes blood through pulmonary valve towards lungs

28. 4) Blood is pushed through the pulmonary arteries to the lungs to receive oxygen

29. 5) Oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium from the lungs through the pulmonary veins

30. 6) Blood passes through the bicuspid (mitral) valve into the left ventricle.

31. 7) Contraction of Left ventricle pumps blood through aortic valve to the aorta

32. 8)Blood travels through aorta and then to all regions of the body where it feeds cells with oxygen picked up from the lungs and nutrients from the digestive tract.